Section CHAPTER VII. SYNTAX OF PREPOSITIONS. Page Section Page 526. Syntax of Prepositions.... 614 527. Collocation of Prepositions 617 CHAPTER VIII. SYNTAX OF CONJUNCTIONS. 528. Syntax of Conjunctions... 619 530. Ellipsis of the Substantive, 529. Interjections ... 622 Adjective, Article, etc... 622 CHAPTER IX. SYNTAX OF SIMPLE SENTENCES. 531. The Syntax of Simple Sen- 533. Attributive Combination.. 630 tences 629 534. Objective Combination.... 630 532. Predicative Combination .. 629 535. Parts of Sentences.. 630 CHAPTER X. SYNTAX OF COMPOUND SENTENCES. 536. Syntax of Compound Sen- 540. Grammatical Equivalents. 641 633 541. Examples of Grammatical tences.. 537. Co-ordinate Sentences.... 633 538. Subordinate Sentences.... 634 542. Exercises in Grammatical 539. Development of Proposi tions.... Equivalents 636 543. Translation 641 642 642 CHAPTER XI. RULES FOR THE CHOICE OF WORDS AND GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUCTIONS. 544. Rules for the Choice of |549. Syntactical Analysis...... 647 557. Emotion united with the 563. A strong Will... 558. Emotion united with strong Sense of Right... Page 664 Love of Truth......... 659 564. Rhetorical Forms..... 665 559. The End aimed at 560. Good Sense.... 561. Distinct and Vivid Conception..... 562. A strong Desire to express Emotion... 667 663 568. Figures of Speech ...... 668 569. Rules for the Use of Figures 669 664 570. Study of Rhetorical Forms 669 642. Trochaic Monometer, with 645. Trochaic Tetrameter the Trochaic Formula.. 727 646. Trochaic Pentameter... 729 730 643. Trochaic Dimeter.. 644. Trochaic Trimeter 728 647. Trochaic Hexameter..... 730 729 648. Trochaic Heptameter..... 730 ANAPESTIC MEASURES. 649. Anapestic Monometer .... 731 651. Anapestic Trimeter... 732 650. Anapestic Dimeter... 731 652. Anapestic Tetrameter 732 653. Amphibrach Monometer. 732 655. Amphibrach Trimeter.... 733 654. Amphibrach Dimeter..... 733 656. Amphibrach Tetrameter.. 733 DACTYLIC MEASURES. 657. Dactylic Monometer, with 659. Dactylic Trimeter... 735 735 the Dactylic Formula.. 734 660. Dactylic Tetrameter.. 658. Dactylic Dimeter 734 661. Dactylic Hexameter...... 735 § 1. LANGUAGE, from the Latin word lingua, the tongue, through the French word langage, speech, is the utterance of articulate sounds of the human voice for expressing the thoughts and emotions of the human mind. These articulate sounds are, to the hearer, signs of what is in the mind of the speaker. This is the primary meaning of the term language. In a secondary sense, the term is applied to certain external bodily signs of the internal movements of the mind. These, sometimes called natural signs, are: 1. Modifications of the features of the face, as when a frown expresses anger. 2. Variations of the limbs, or gestures of the body, as when the upraised clinched fist expresses a threat. 3. Modulations of the voice, as when a groan expresses pain. These three classes of signs, however, constituting what Cicero calls sermo corporis, though uttered and understood by all men, furnish a mode of communication but little above what brutes enjoy. In the use of them, much, indeed, was accomplished by the ancient pantomimists, as likewise much has been done by actors, and, recently, by the teachers of deaf mutes. But how entirely inadequate are they, even in their most improved mode of use, to answer the ends to which speech is subservient! C |