she has achieved. We glory in being a citizen of this great metropolis.'

"Calm dignity!" quotha? The four men having secured their prize, trailed it in the mud of the streets amid the yells of the mob; mounted with it upon a furniture car and paraded it about the city with fife and drum; tore it, at last, into shreds, and distributed the pieces among the crowd. Such was the calm dignity of New Orleans. Such the valor of ruffians protected by a rampart of fifty thousand women and children.

Captain Farragut was equally indignant and embarrassed. Seldom has a naval commander found himself in a position so beset with contradictions-defied and insulted by a town that lay at his mercy. A few hours after these events, General Butler arrived to share the exasperation of the fleet and join in the counsels of its chief. He advised the captain to threaten the city with bombardment, and to order away the women and children. Captain Farragut, in part, adopted the measure, and sent a communication to the mayor warning him of the peril which the city incurred by such scenes as those of Sunday morning. He informed him of the danger of drawing from the fleet a destructive fire, by the spontaneous action of the men. "The election is with you," he concluded, "but it becomes my duty to notify you to remove the women and children from the city within forty-eight hours, if I have rightly understood your determination." The authorities of the city chose to interpret this note as a formal announcement of a bombardment at the expiration of the specified period. So, at least, they represented it to Captain De Clouet, commanding a French man of war which had just arrived before the city. That officer thought it his duty to demand a longer time for the removal of the women and children. "Sent by my government," he wrote to Captain Farragut, "to protect the persons and property of its citizens, who are here to the number of thirty thousand, I regret to learn at this moment that you have accorded a delay of forty-eight hours for the evacuation of the city by the women and children. I venture to observe to you that this short delay is ridiculous; and, in the name of my government, I oppose it. If it is your resolution to bombard the city, do it; but I wish to state that you will have to account for the barbarous act to the power which I represent. In any event, I demand sixty days for the evacuation.”

Captain Farragut and General Butler had visited Captain De Clouet on his arrival, and had received from him polite congratulations upon the success of the expedition. It was no fault of his that Captain Farragut's notification was so egregiously misunderstood.

General Butler meanwhile perceiving that light-draft steamers were not to be had, and that nothing effectual could be done without landing a force in the city, hastened down the river to attempt the reduction of the forts with such means as he could command. Before leaving, however, he had the satisfaction of receiving the spy, engaged at Washington many weeks before, who had escaped in the confusion, and brought full details of the condition of the city. Mr. Summers, too, once recorder of New Orleans, fled on board one of the ships from the violence of a mob in whose hearing he had declared his attachment to the Union. A lady, also, came off, and delivered a paper of intelligence and congratulation.

On his way down the river, General Butler met the glad tidings of the surrender of the forts, and had the pleasure, on the 28th, of walking over them with Captain Porter among the joyful troops. Colonel Jones, of the Twenty-sixth Massachusetts, was appointed to command the garrison, and Lieutenant Weitzel began forthwith to put the forts in repair. All the rest of the troops were ordered up the river with the utmost speed. General Phelps was already at the forts, and the transports from Sable Island were making their way under General Williams to the mouth of the river.

The news of the surrender of the forts, which reached the fleet on Monday, relieved Captain Farragut from embarrassment. He could now afford to wait, if New Orleans could, though the fleet still beheld with impatience the flauntings of the rebel flags. General Duncan, that day, harangued the crowd upon the levee, declaring, "with tears in his eyes," that nothing but the mutiny of part of his command could have induced him to surrender. But for that, he could and would have held out for months. "He cried like a child," says one report. The tone of the authorities appeared to be somewhat lowered by the news. They dared not formally disclaim the exploit of Mumford and his comrades; but Captain Farragut was privately assured that the removal of the flag from the Mint was the unauthorized act of a few individuals. On the 29th, Captain Bell, with a hundred marines, landed on the levee,

marched into the city, hauled down the Confederate flag from the Mint and Custom-House, and hoisted in its stead the flag of the United States. Captain Bell locked the Custom-House and took the keys to his ship. These flags remained, though the marines were withdrawn before evening.

The work of the European Brigade was approaching a conclusion. The portion of it called the British Guard, composed of unnaturalized Englishmen-unnatural Englishmen, rather-voted at their armory, a day or two after, to send their weapons, accouterments and uniforms to General Beauregard's army, as a slight token of their affection for the Confederate States. Some of these 66 neutral" gentlemen had occasion to regret this step before the month of May was ended.

There was a general coming up the river, who had the peculiarity of feeling toward the rebellion that the rebel leaders felt toward the government they had betrayed. He hated it. He meant to do his part toward putting it down by the strong hand, not conciliating it by insincere palaver. The reader is requested to bear in mind. this peculiarity, for it is the key to the understanding of General Butler's administration. Consider always that his attachment to the Union and the flag was of the same intense and uncompromising nature, as the devotion of South Carolinians to the cause of the Confederacy. His was indeed a nobler devotion, but in mere warmth and entireness, it resembled the zeal of secessionists. He meant well to the people of Louisiana; he did well by them; but it was his immovable resolve that the ruling power in Louisiana henceforth should be the UNITED STATES, which had bought, defended, protected, and enriched it. Think what secessionists would have done in New Orleans, if it had remained true to the Union, and fallen into their hands in the second year of the war. That General Butler did; only, with exactest justice, with ideal purity; employing all right methods of conciliation; rigorous only to secure the main object-the absolute, the unquestioned supremacy of the United States.

CHAPTER XVI.

LANDING IN NEW ORLEANS.

THE troops had a joyful trip up the river among the verdant sugar-fields, welcomed, as the fleet had been, by capering negroes. The transport Mississippi, with her old complement of fourteen hundred men, and Mrs. Butler on the quarter-deck, hove in sight of the forts at sunset on the last day of April. The forts were covered all over with blue-coated soldiers, who paused in their investitures to cheer the arriving vessels, and, especially, the Lady who had borne them company in so many perils. It was an animated and glorious scene, illumined by the setting sun; one of those intoxicating moments which repay soldiers for months of fatigue and waiting. The general came on board, and, at midnight, the transport steamers started for the city. At noon on the 1st of May, the Mississippi lay alongside the levee at New Orleans.

A crowd rapidly gathered; but it was by no means as turbulent or noisy as that which had howled at Captain Bailey five days before. There were women among them, many of whom appeared to be nurses carrying children. Mulatto women with baskets of cakes and oranges were also seen. Voices were frequently heard calling for "Picayune Butler," who was requested to "show himself," and "come ashore." The general, who is fond of a joke, requested Major Strong to ascertain if any of the bands could play the lively melody to which the mob had called his attention. Unluckily, none of the bandmasters possessed the music; so the general was obliged to forego his joke, and fall back upon Yankee Doodle and the Star Spangled Banner. Others of the crowd cried: "You'll never see home again." "Yellow Jack will have you before long." "Halloo, epaulets, lend us a picayune." With divers other remarks of a chafing nature, alternating with maledictions.

General Butler waited upon Captain Farragut, and heard a narrative of recent events. The general announced his determination to land forthwith, and Captain Farragut notified the mayor of this resolve; adding that he should hold no farther correspondence with

the authorities of New Orleans, but gladly yielded the situation to the commander of the army. Returning to the Mississippi, General Butler directed the immediate disembarkation of the troops,* and the operation began about four o'clock in the afternoon. A company of the Thirty-first Massachusetts landed on the extensive platform raised above the levee for the convenient loading of cotton, and, forming a line, slowly pressed back the crowd, at the point of the bayonet, until space enough was obtained for the regiments to form. When the Thirty-first had all landed, they marched down the cotton platform to the levee, and along the levee to De Lord street, where they halted. The Fourth Wisconsin was then disembarked, after which the procession was formed in the order following:

First, as pioneer and guide, marched Lieutenant Henry Weigel, of Baltimore, aid to the general, who was familiar with the streets of the city, and now rose from a sick bed to claim the fulfillment of General Butler's promise that he, and he only, should guide the troops to the Custom-House.

Next, the drum-corps of the Thirty-first Massachusetts. Behind these, General Butler and his staff on foot, no horses having yet been landed, a file of the Thirty-first marching on each side of them. Then Captain Everett's battery of artillery, with whom marched Captain Kensel, chief of artillery to the expedition. The Thirty-first followed, under Colonel O. P. Gooding. Next, General Williams and his staff, preceded by the fine band of the Fourth Wisconsin, and followed by that regiment under Colonel Paine. The same orders were given as on the march into Baltimore: silence; no notice to be taken of mere words; if a shot were fired from a house, halt, arrest inmates, destroy house; if fired upon from the crowd, arrest the man if possible, but not fire into the crowd

"GENERAL Order No. 15.

* "HEAD-QUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE GULF, "NEW ORLEANS, May 1, 1862.

"I. In anticipation of the immediate disembarkation of the troops of this command amid the temptations and inducements of a large city, all plundering of public or private property, by any person or persons, is hereby forbidden, under the severest penalties.

"II. No officer or soldier will absent himself from his station without arms or alone, under any pretext whatever.

"III. The commanders of regiments and companies will be held responsible for the strict execution of these orders, and that the offenders are brought to punishment.

"By command of

“GEO. C. STRONG, A. A. General.”

MAJOR-GENERAL BUTLER,