a. July. 1742. account of 1740. fiance. For a time the Spaniards were cut off from al. supplies, by ships stationed at the entrance of the harbor; but at length several Spanish galleys eluded the vigilance of the blockading squadron, and brought a reinforcement and supplies to the garrison. All hopes of speedily reducing the place were now lost;-sickness began to prevail among the troops; and Ogle thorpe, with sorrow and regret, returned to Georgia. 10. Two years later, the Spaniards, in return, made 1. Give an preparations for an invasion of Georgia. In July, a he Spanish fleet of thirty-six sail from Havanna and St. Augustine, inion of bearing more than three thousand troops, entered the harbor of St. Simon's ;* landed on the west side of the island, a little above the town of the same name; and erected a battery of twenty guns. 2General Öglemovements thorpe, who was then on the island with a force of less thorpe, and than eight hundred men, exclusive of Indians, withagainst the drew to Frederica; anxiously awaiting an expected reinforcement from Carolina. A party of the enemy, having advanced within two miles of the town, was driven back with loss; another party of three hundred, coming to their assistance, was ambuscaded, and twothirds of the number were slain or taken prisoners. Georgia. b. July 16. 2. Of the of his success enemy. c. July 18. 3. What pre attack on the camp? 4. What was pian for de enemy? 11. Oglethorpe next resolved to attack, by night, vented an one of the Spanish camps; but a French soldier deSpanish serted, and gave the alarm, and the design was defeated. Apprehensive that the enemy would now Oglethorpe's discover his weakness, he devised an expedient for deceiving the stroying the credit of any information that might be given. He wrote a letter to the deserter, requesting that he would urge the Spaniards to an immediate attack, or, if he should not succeed in this, that he would induce them to remain on the island three days longer, for in that time several British ships, and a reinforcement, were expected from Carolina. He also dropped some hints of an expected attack on St. Au gustine by a British fleet. This letter he bribed a * St. Simon's Island lies south of the principal channel of the Altamaha. It is twelve miles in length, and from two to five in width. The harbor of St. Simon's is at the southern point of the island, before the town of the same name, and eight miles below Frederica. At St. Simon's there was also a small fort. The northern part of the island separated from the mainland by a small creek, and is called Little St. Simon's. (Bee Мар, р. 168.) Spanish prisoner to deliver to the deserter, but, as was 1742. expected, it was given to the Spanish commander. 1. What roa this plan? 12. The deserter was immediately arrested as a spy, but the letter sorely perplexed the Spanish officers, the result of some of whom believed it was intended as a deception, while others, regarding the circumstances mentioned in it as highly probable, and fearing for the safety of St. Augustine, advised an immediate return of the expedition. Fortunately, while they were consulting, 2. What ets there appeared, at some distance on the coast, three small vessels, which were regarded as a part of the British fleet mentioned in the letter. It was now determined to attack Oglethorpe at Frederica, before the expected reinforcement should arrive. 3. cumstance greatly fa vored its success? What did tards resolve the Span upon? What was their intend ed attack? the result of a. July 25. 13. While advancing for this purpose, they fell 4. into an ambuscade, at a place since called Bloody Marsh," where they were so warmly received that they retreated with precipitation,-abandoned their works, and hastily retired to their shipping; leaving a quantity of guns and ammunition behind them. On 5. What oc their way south they made an attack on Fort William, but were repulsed; and two galleys were disabled and abandoned. The Spaniaras were deeply mortified at the result of the expedition; and the commander of the troops, on his return to Havanna, was tried by a court-martial, and, in disgrace, dismissed from the service. * 14. "Soon after these events, Oglethorpe returned to England, never to revisit the colony which, after ten years of disinterested toil, he had planted, defended, and now left in tranquillity. Hitherto, the people had been under a kind of military rule; but now civil government was established; and committed to the charge of a president and council, who were required to govern according to the instructions of the 1:ustees. a 15. Yet the colony did not prosper, and most of the settlers stil. remained in poverty, with scarcely the hope of better days. Under the restrictions of the trus 6. curred on Hon toas the commander of the expedi tion treated? * Fort William was the name of the fort at the southern extremity of Cumberland Island. There was also a fort, called Fort Andrew, at the northern extremity of the island. 1743. tees, agriculture had not flourished; 1. Of what id the peo ple complain? the laws and commerce had scarcely been thought of. The people complained, that, as they were poor, the want of a free title to their lands almost wholly deprived them of credit; they wished that the unjust rule of descent, which gave their property to the eldest son, to the exclusion of the younger children, should be changed for one more equitable; but, more than all, they complained that they were prohibited the use of slave labor, and requested that the same encouragements should be given to them as were given to their more fortunate neighbors in Carolina. 2 Hot toere 16. The regulations of the trustees began to be against sla evaded, and the laws against slavery were not rigidly very eva enforced. At first, slaves from Carolina were hired for short periods; then for a hundred years, or during life; and a sum equal to the value of the negro paid in advance; and, finally, slavers from Africa sailed directly to Savannah; and Georgia, like Carolina, became a planting state, with slave labor. 1752. the form of changed, 17. In 1752, the trustees of Georgia, wearied with 8. When was complaints against the system of government which government they had established, and finding that the province and why? languished under their care, resigned their charter to the king; and the province was formed into a royal b. Oct. government. The people were then favored with the prosperity to same liberties and privileges that were enjoyed by the the colony? provinces of Carolina; but it was not until the close a. July 1. 1. What gave of the French and Indian war, and the surrender of the Floridas to England, by which security was given to the frontiers, that the colony began to assume a flourishing condition. I Causes of the War, and Events of 1754.-II. 1755: Expeditions of Monckton, Braddock, Shirley, and Winslow.-III. 1756: Delays; Loss of Oswego; Indian Incursions.-IV. 1757: Designs against Louisburg, and Loss of Fort Wm. Henry.-V. 1758: Reduction of Louisburg; Abercrombie's Defeat; The taking of Forts Frontenac and Du Quesne.VI. 1759 to 1763: Ticonderoga and Crown Point Abandoned; Niagara Taken; Conquest of Quebec,-Of all Canada; War with the Cherokees; Peace of 1763. 1753. Of what does What are the Divi sions of the Chapter 1 Of what does the first Di 1. Why have separate acthe colonies far given? 2 What counts of been thus I. CAUSES OF THE WAR, AND EVENTS OF 1754.- vision treat Thus far, separate accounts of the early American colonies have been given, for the purpose of preserving that unity of narration which seemed best adapted to render prominent the distinctive features which marked the settlement and progress of each. 2But as we have arrived at a period when the several colonies have be change is now made, and for what reason! 1753. coine firm y established, and when their individua. histories become less eventful, and less interesting, their general history will now be taken up, and continued in those more important events which subsequently 1. By what affected all the colonies. This period is distinguished distinguish by the final struggle for dominion in America, between ed? the rival powers of France and England. is this period vious wars France and 2. What is 2. Those previous wars between the two countries, said of pre- which had so often embroiled their transatlantic colbetween onies, had chiefly arisen from disputes of European England? origin; and the events which occurred in America, were regarded as of secondary importance to those which, in a greater measure, affected the influence of What led the rival powers in the affairs of Europe. But the and Indian growing importance of the American possessions of the two countries, occasioning disputes about territories tenfold more extensive than either possessed in Europe, at length became the sole cause of involving them in another contest, more important to America than any preceding one, and which is commonly known as the French and Indian War. so the French war? 4. What was the ground, the English claim? 3. The English, by virtue of the early discovery by the Cabots, claimed the whole seacoast from Newthe extent of foundland to Florida; and by numerous grants of territory, before the French had established any settlements in the Valley of the Mississippi, they had extended their claims westward to the Pacific Ocean. "The French, on the contrary, founded their claims French upon the actual occupation and exploration of the found their country. Besides their settlements in New France, 6. How far or Canada, and Acadia, they had long occupied Detlements ex- troit,* had explored the Valley of the Mississippi, and tend? formed settlements at Kaskaskiaf and Vincennes,‡ and along the northern border of the Gulf of Mexico. 5. Upon what did the did their set 7. What was 4. According to the French claims, their northern the extent of possessions of New France and Acadia embraced, within their southern limits, the half of New York, the French claim? and the greater portion of New England; while their * Detroit. (See Map. p, 304. † Kaskaskia, in the southwestern part of the state of Illinois, is situated on the W side of Kaskaskia River, seven miles above its junction with the Mississippi. Vincennes is in the southwestern part of Indiana, and is situated on the E. bank of the Wabash River, 100 miles, by the river's course, above its entrance into the Ohlo |