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useful, and they could be adopted for other major decisions besides wilderness classification. Moreover, they might be held at the preliminary planning stage as well as to check on decisions already tentatively made. In either case, they would be more useful both to the public and to the agency if they were conducted by a person who was thoroughly independent and who would be allowed to make his own report on the merits.

The element of debate, deliberation, or opposition is difficult to introduce. On important issues it might be wise to offer an opportunity to submit written views to the Chief of the agency or the Secretary of the department, so that the person vested with final power of decision would have the benefit of several points of view. The risk is that this would become cumbersome, but the advantage, in avoiding rubber-stamp review, might outweigh the risk.

Another way to accomplish this same objective, and one sometimes used in government today, would be to institutionalize different points of view. Outside groups or viewpoints can be given permanent representation within the agency. Thus, the Forest Service might be given a division charged with the duty of protecting recreation or wilderness or grazing from assaults by other uses. Such inside watchdogs can sometimes restore balance to a viewpoint and guard special interests more effectively than the unorganized public. They offer selfcriticism in what may otherwise be an institutional monolith. The new Bureau of Outdoor Recreation in the Interior Department is supposed to coordinate all recreational planning. It is too early to know whether it will

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gain lies but fail to see the values of "nonuses. It may care so much about today's bal that it forgets tomorrow's heritage.

Procedural reforms cannot be expected to dilemma of how planning for the public go accomplished in a democracy. Professional pla managers cannot be dispensed with. But some public participation, however inadequate, wou offer the beginning of a system of planning t encompass a broader vision and a deeper r democratic ideals. For the experts and professic their limitations. They can tell us whether a forest can be lumbered at a commercially feasi But can they tell us whether an "overmatur topped, catfaced, conky old veteran" should for future generations?

I hope that you will insist on of the forests:

1. Ecologically sound management to assure the 1 forest resources, including sustained yield logging legitimate forest uses.

2. Preservation of the maximum possible amo ecologist can understand just how valuable such a the Wilderness Act should be accelerated, and t eliminate inappropriate uses of wilderness areas. recreation load should be shifted to multiple use land 3. Minimizing the impact of President Nixon's order on national forest management.

Sincerely yours,

THE UNIVERSITY

DEPA

Senator FRANK CHURCH,
Senate Office Building

Washington, D.C.

DEAR SENATOR CHURCH: I am writing to express ment since I could not attend in person the hearing month.

I feel very strongly that the rate of logging in not be increased. As long as the timber industry other countries, there is neither need nor excuse for resources. I also feel that the Forest Service sh interest of citizens and less for the special inter our public resources.

I hope that you will make my letter a part of t on forest management.

Sincerely,

STATEMENT OF LAURENCE C. WALKER, PH. D., STEPHEN F. AUSTIN STATE UNIVERSITY,

My name is Laurence C. Walker. I am Dean o Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches faculty of Texas' accredited professional forestry

creage is not available, as in East Texas, tracts on each = ranger districts are being planned for pocket wildernesses that such lands eventually may not be open for general u e Guadalupe National Park in West Texas, for instance, s o 150 visitors each day for ecologic security. Similar restric mined, will probably be necessary on forested wilderness lo

eas.

nds can be set aside as funds are made available by the Con g management on sites best suited for timber production. tion's timber needs will come wholly from the South while fo serve the other components of multiple-use management. How States, the Rocky Mountains, and the West, adequate bu e wise use of resources for the several objectives outlined in 1960.

11 another reason I asked to be heard. I want the public 1 'for the greatest good of the greatest number in the long run son challenged young Pinchot; and not for the selfish interests for a short while, whether they be nature lovers (of which I sing industrialists.

ere have been outcries that public land managers have erred or organizations of such complex responsibilities—in carrying established by policy guidelines of the executive branch or by ongress. I believe these are isolated cases and, while not excusa nade to appear as the typical operation. But in my frequent tra forests throughout the land, I note that almost all managemen y, considering the funds allocated. Some mismanagement oc ated practitioners of silviculture (defined as the art of grov ged stands, from silva and cultura) occasionally may trip desiring to do what is required of a good and responsible serv nd a steward of their resources.

ive errors, I believe, could be significantly reduced if managem è delegated to district rangers and district foresters. They are individuals, yet young enough to be knowledgeable of the pros s decision-making. Policy manuals, much too elaborate, should t necessarily to what was once the hip-pocket Use Book for fficers—but to a degree enabling grass-roots, on-the-ground adm estry school personnel recognize the challenge to provide essary for managing the wide range of natural resources in

en, so-trained and so-challenged, are stewards of the public lan of King James' time, was the manager of the estate. In the Gre eward or manager of the estate is oikos (latinized to iconaea) a rd for both ecology and economics in today's English.

the manager of the public estate, these words are of the sa both environmental relationships and the material welfare of considered in fulfilling our destiny.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UN

NEV Nevada

Hon. FRANK CHURCH,
Chairman, Senate Subcommittee on Public Lands,
Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.

DEAR SENATOR CHURCH: We in the Nevada County sociation of University Women are very much interes scheduled hearings on national forest management

We would like to see more emphasis given to aes and recreation. Funding needs to be increased for these Reforestation of burned over lands should be con the annual allowable timber harvest are considered reduced or modified on marginal or unstable land, la and in all lake and streamside areas.

We would appreciate having these comments incl Thank you.

Sincerely,

STANFORD UNIVERS

Stanf

Senator FRANK CHURCH,
Senate Office Building,

Washington, D.C.

DEAR SENATOR CHURCH: About one year ago, I de effort to help the environmentalists defeat the so-call Act. Now I have learned that a new piece of legisla tional forests. The effect of this new proposal would an earmarked fund to facilitate more rapid cutting o strongly opposed to this legislation, and I request tha of the hearing record on forest management.

On numerous occasions, hiking in the North Casca wood country, I have seen examples of the damage caused by clearcut logging. On one particularly shocki ing the ridge above Glacier Basin, near Monte Cri other side of the ridge came the sound of motorize scenic climax of the hike, I looked out to the east at turning the landscape into a moonscape. The gallin logging practices is that so many of the logs are s

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