half-orphans; 135 were employed in the prison, and 47 were without employment. The statistics of the physician in regard to the mental condition of the 646 who were in the prison during the year are somewhat remarkable. He reports that when committed 5 were insane; 2 occasionally insane; occasionally absent-minded, 4; of unsound mind, 7; of violent temper, 8; weak-minded, 79; dull, 107; doubtful, 8; good, 426 (only 65.24 per cent. of the whole). Treatment while in confinement he regards as having improved the mental condition of 40, or 6.19 per cent. The cost per head per annum of the support of prisoners (subsistence 222,-164 boys and 58 girls. The whole number | under 21 years of age; 131 were either orphans or who had been committed was 638; the average period of detention was 16 months; there had been 9 deaths, and 14 escapes since opening, of which 5 had occurred within the previous 12 months. The annual expenses were $14,442 67, or $64 25 per head. The children were employed in making chairs, shoes, &c. The land attached to the house was about 10 acres, and the cost of buildings and grounds $123,884. There are a number of other institutions for the care and reformation of truant and vicious children and youth, among which are the Northern and Southern Homes for Friendless Children in Philadelphia, the Rosine Asylum, &c., but they are sus-only) is stated at $73. The expenses of the prison tained by contributions, subscriptions, and legacies, rather than by the State. PRISONS.-There are two State or convict prisons, the Eastern Penitentiary, at Philadelphia, John S. Halloway, Warden, and the Western, at Alleghany City, John Birmingham, Warden. Both are on the separate or Philadelphia system,-the prisoners being confined to their separate cells and yards, never seeing each other, and holding no communication with any person except the officers of the prison. The Eastern Penitentiary had on the 1st of January, 1861, 464 prisoners; during the year, 182 were committed and 195 discharged, leaving, January 1, 1862, 451 persons in confinement. The whole prison population of the year was 646. Of the 451 remaining in prison, January 1, 1862, 371 were white, and 63 colored, males, and 15 white, and 2 colored, females; 160 were from the city, and 291 from the country; 104 were convicted of crimes against the person; 342 of crimes against property, 4 of crimes against society, and 1 was committed for safe keeping. The whole number received since the admission of the first convict, October 25, 1829, was 4595. Of these there were discharged by expiration of sentences, 3221; pardoned, 596; removed to almshouse, 2; to House of Refuge, 2; to County Prison, 15; to State Lunatic Hospital, 9; by revocation of sentence, 2; change of sentence, 1; writ of habeas corpus, 9; writ of error, 14; died, 260 (5.66 per cent.); committed suicide, 10; hanged, 1; escaped, 2; 3476, or 75.65 per cent., were first convictions; 637, or 13.86 per cent., were second convictions, but first in that prison; 367 others were second convictions in that prison; 85 were third convictions, 21 were fourth convictions, and 11 from fifth to ninth convictions; in all, 1119 reconvictions, of which 478, or 10.40 per cent., were to that prison. Of the 646 who were in the prison during the year, 112 were entirely illiterate on admission, 106 could spell and read a little; 421 could read and write, but only 7 had a good English education; 245 were married, 12 divorced or separated, 363 single, 36 widowed; 274 were moderate drinkers, 267 more or less intemperate, and 105 temperate. Of the 182 convicted during the year, 154 were whites, and 28 colored; 34 were for the year were $31,831 54, and the earnings of the prisoners $15,066 66, leaving a deficiency of $16,764 88, aside from the salaries, which were $16,164 more. The inspectors charge a part of this deficiency to the difficulty of procuring work during the year for the prisoners, in consequence of the general financial depression. The prisoners are employed in weaving, chair-seating, umbrellamaking, cigar-making, &c. The Western Penitentiary, at Alleghany City, had, January 1, 1861, 311 prisoners,-302 males and 9 females; 113 were committed and 136 discharged during the year, leaving, Jan. 1, 1862, 288 in the prison. Of those discharged during the year, 119 were by expiration of sentence, 12 by pardon, and 5 by death. Of those received during the year, 100 were white and 3 colored males, and 8 white and 2 colored females; and of those remaining in the prison, Jan. 1, 1862, 249 were white and 24 colored males, and 13 white and 2 colored females; 137 were married, 145 single, and 6 widowed; 84 temperate, 7 moderate drinkers, and 197 intemperate; 75 were foreigners, 129 natives of Pennsylvania, 84 natives of other States; 236 were in prison for first offence, 39 for the second time, 10 for the third, and 3 for the fourth, making whole number of recommitments 52, or 18 per cent.; 234 were convicted of crimes against property, 50 of crimes against the person, and 4 of crimes against society. 18 were under 20 years of age, and 3 between 70 and 80. The amount expended for subsistence was $20,014 73; for salaries, $12,000; making a total of $32,014 73, and the earnings of the convicts were $16,523 55, leaving a deficiency of $15,491 18. The cost of the prisoners' support was $106 71, or for subsistence alone, $66 71. The Philadelphia County Prison, W. B. Perkins, Superintendent, is also to some extent a State institution, being the place of confinement for persons convicted of minor offences, as well as of those awaiting trial. 16,201 prisoners were committed to this prison during the year, of whom 4548 were for offences against property, 8312 for offences against the person, and 436 for offences against society; the remainder were lunatics, or persons awaiting judgment, &c. 10,467 were white males, many had already exceeded their proportion. This draft was made on the 16th of October, and was very successful, no resistance or opposition being made, and the men thus drafted entering promptly upon the service, choosing their own officers, and being called a few weeks later into the field. 4207 white females, 869 colored males, and 658 | to resort to a draft in some of the counties, though colored females. The number remaining in prison, Jan. 1, 1862, was 581. The disposition made of the prisoners committed, and those in the prison, Jan. 1, 1861, was as follows; discharged from expiration of sentence, 3504; by magistrates, 5463; by inspectors, 5977; by Quarter Sessions' clerk, 302; bills ignored, 324; convicted, 361; acquitted, 257; discharged by writ of habeas corpus, 27; by City Solicitor, 36; by U.S. Marshal, 23; by sheriff, 12; died, 22; sent to House of Refuge, 9; discharged under $15 act, 93; sentence expired of convicts to hard labor, 465; executed, 1; suicide, 1; pardoned, 2. CENSUS STATISTICS.-The general statistics of the agricultural and manufacturing productions of Pennsylvania are to be found in our tables of census statistics: but a few particulars of interest deduced from those and other tables may properly be inserted here. The number of the two sexes in the State was very nearly equal, the excess of white males (6626) in a population of 2,849,266 being very slight, and nearly balanced in the general aggregate by the excess of colored females (4103): so that the whole excess of males is only 2523, or about 0.08 per cent. In area, Pennsylvania ranks 18th; in population, 2d; in density of population, 7th; and in absolute increase of population within the last decade, 7th. In products of industry she ranks 2d, though but slightly in advance of Massachusetts. Her production of coal is stated in the census at $14,703,433,—a sum notoriously much below its actual value; the production and manufacture of iron is set down at $36,292,305; flour and meal are produced to the value of $26,572,261; sawed and planed lumber, $11,311,149; cotton goods, $11,759,000; and woollen goods, $12,744,373. Leather is produced to the amount of $12,491,631, and boots and shoes-of which Philadelphia is one of the largest markets to the amount of $8,178,935, of which $5,329,887 are manufactured in Philadelphia. Jewelry, silver-ware, &c. are said to be produced to the amount of $4,132,130, which is undoubtedly an underestimate, as these manufactures in Philadelphia alone produced $4,030,380, leaving but about $100,000 for the rest of the State. The amount of furniture produced is stated at $2,938,503. THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF PENNSYLVANIA TO THE VOLUNTEER ARMY.-On the call of the President for troops, April 15, 1861, Pennsylvania sent 600 men at once to Washington, who arrived at that city on the 19th, in advance of any other regiment. The quota of the State under the call for 75,000 men was 14 regiments; but 25 regiments were raised, organized, and sent into the field by the 29th of April. On the second call, in May, 1861, the quota of Pennsylvania was 10 regiments; but, as she had already furnished 25,-an excess over both calls,—the General Government refused to receive any more. A corps of 15 regiments (13 infantry, 1 cavalry, and 1 artillery) was, however, raised by the State by act of May 15, 1861, and, under the title of the "Reserve Volunteer Corps of the Commonwealth," placed under the command of Gen. George A. McCall for organization and instruction. Two regiments of this corps were called into the service of Government on the 22d of June, and on the 22d of July a requisition was made for the remainder of the corps, which consisted of 15,856 men. Other regiments were called for during the summer and autumn, and on the 3d of January, 1862, there were in the field from Pennsylvania 93,577, and preparing for service 16,038 more, making in all 109,615 troops furnished by Pennsylvania. The calls for militia in April and May, 1862, and the two calls for 300,000 threeyears men and 300,000 nine-months troops, were promptly responded to by the State, which has now, December, 1862, 38 new regiments and 3 unattached companies of infantry, 5 regiments and 3 companies of cavalry, and 3 batteries of artillery in the field, as the result of these calls, with 4 regiments of infantry, 1 of cavalry, and 1 of artillery, in progress of formation, all as volunteers; besides about 50,000 volunteer militia, making an aggregate, including the three-months men of 1861, of over 200,000 men who were in service, or actually ready for it, under the call of September 11, 1862, Mr. Lorin Blodget, the able Secretary of the at the time of the invasion of the State. This Philadelphia Board of Trade, has compiled from force, raised with extraordinary promptness, ter- the census returns (carefully collating them with rified the invaders, and occupied the exposed the results of a local industrial census taken in 1861) frontier of the State till the enemy retreated. the manufacturing statistics of the city of PhilaFor raising the State's quota of the 300,000 nine-delphia, and we give from his able report the folmonths men called for by the President's procla-lowing aggregates: mation of August 4, 1862, it was found necessary The census valuation of property in the State ($1,416,501,818) gives about $488 for each inhabitant, or about the same proportion with New York. In the cash value of its farms Ohio slightly surpasses it, and New York largely. In the value of live stock it ranks 4th, and in the production of wheat, 6th; in that of rye, 1st; and in oats and potatoes, 2d. In barley it ranks 3d, and in buckwheat 1st. In its hay crop and the production of butter it was second only to New York. In the production of maple sugar and molasses it ranks 5th, and in its crop of cloverseed it surpassed any other State. X. DELAWARE. Settled in 1627. Capital, Dover. Area, 2120 square miles. Population, 1860, 112,216. John Sorden.................Georgetown... Speaker of the House........ John B. Pennington....... 500 350 & fees. $4 per day & mileage. 3 per day & fees. 4 per day & mileage. 3 per day & fees. office for five years. The Chancellor and Judges hold office during good behavior. The pay of members of the Legislature is $3 a day and mileage. The sessions are biennial. The next com The Governor is elected by the people for a term of four years. The Secretary of State is appointed by the Governor, and serves for an equal term with him. The State Treasurer and Auditor are elected by the Legislature for two years. The Attorney-mences in Jan. 1863. General is appointed by the Governor, and holds The receipts from all sources for the general expenditure of the State for the year ending Jan. 1, 1862, were............ For school and educational purposes... ..$60,385 51 ...... 37,424 99 $97,810 50 The expenditures for general purposes were.. 38,989 05 For school purposes...... 37,428 99 76,414 04 Leaving a balance in the treasury, Jan. 1, 1862, of.......................................... $21,396 46 The expenditures of the School Fund consisted of the payment of arrearages due certain districts, and advances made for the counties of sums for education of the deaf, dumb, blind, and idiotic, the whole amounting to $2,850 73, and the division of the remainder among the districts of the several counties, $18,374, the income of the General School Fund, being distributed to the counties according to their population in 1830, and $16,200, the interest of the surplus fund, divided in equal sums to each county. Under these principles of distribution, New Castle county received $12,807 36, Kent county, $9,755 48, and Sussex county, $12,011 22. The State has no debt. It has a fund of $71,750, invested in bank-stocks, the income of which is applied to the general expenses of the State, and a school fund of $431,392, invested in bank and railroad stocks, and bonds and mortgages. The income of this, and the receipts from marriage, liquor, tavern, retailers', and peddlers' licenses, constitute the State school revenue. TAXES AND VALUATION. The valuation of property, real and personal, in the State, according to the census of 1860, was $46,242,181. The assessors' valuation for the same year was $39,767,233. The assessors' valuation in 1862 was-for New Castle county, $22,984,361; for Kent county, $8,537,137; for Sussex county, about $10,000,000; making a total of about $41,500,000. The total taxes of the State were-New Castle county, $62,057 77; Kent county, $34,149 54; Sussex county, $24,914 05: total, $121,121 36. BANKS.-The State has 14 banks, which in May, 1862, had an aggregate capital of $1,915,010, circulation of $1,000,000, and specie to the amount of $250,000. In Jan. 1861, twelve of them reported the following resources and liabilities: loans and discounts, $3,014,653; stocks, $3,250; real estate, $83,963; due by other banks, $336,767; notes of other banks, $130,423; cash items, $104,005; specie, $187,263. Liabilities: capital, $1,640,785; circulation, $1,080,822; deposits, $818,201; due to other banks, $105,948. RAILROADS.-The State has five railroads,—the Delaware road, intended to form part of a line connecting by steamers at Princess Ann, on Tangier Sound, Maryland, with Norfolk, Va. This is now extended by the Delaware and Maryland road to Salisbury. The Junction and Breakwater road is a branch of this, extending from Milford to Lewes. The New Castle and Frenchtown, and the New Castle and Wilmington roads connect those towns respectively. The Philadelphia, Wilmington and Delaware road forms an important link in the great Southern route. The following table give particulars in regard to these roads: |