being an increase of 14,000, and this amendment with this great reduction in the expenditure. If you look at the fine arts, I have spent 8,000l. in buying Sir Robert Peel's pictures, and 50,000l. in splendid collections of antiquity for the British Museum; so far from my having been stingy, I consider that these payments have been liberal in the extreme. We are not tenacious of office. We are wearied with the labour of anxious and eventful years. It is a small matter for us whether we retain power or not. It is for you to consider whether it is a small matter for you. On that I offer no opinion. But this I will venture to say, that, if the decision of the country should be against us, we shall then carry into private life the applause of our own consciences, as having done in our judgment the best we could for our country, and the consciousness that we have left on the statute-book and in the history of this country records which calumny cannot permanently distort, and which envy, with all her efforts, can never obliterate."

5.—The mutilated remains of a female found in different parts of the Thames between Battersea and Limehouse. A reward of 200l. was afterwards offered by Government for the discovery of the murderer, and a free pardon to any accomplice not the actual perpetrator of the presumed crime.

Apologising for his inability to be present at the opening of the Roman Catholic cathedral, Armagh, Archbishop Manning expresses an opinion that Ireland is in a happier condition in regard to religion than any other country, and also maintains that the country was never in so good a condition materially, and was never so influential in the British Empire and in the world as at present. But "when I look

upon foreign nations, and I may say also upon England, I see cause for grave foreboding." Regarding Home Rule, the Archbishop thought the Parliament of the future will be broader, and more in sympathy with the constituencies of the three kingdoms. "England and Scotland will not claim to legislate for Ireland according to English and Scotch interests and prejudices; and Ireland, when it is justly treated, will have no more will then than it has now to make or meddle in the local affairs of England or Scotland. The three peoples are distinct in blood, in religion, in character, and in local interests. They will soon learn to 'live and let live,' when the vanquishing reliquiæ of the Tudor tyranny shall have died out, unless the insane example of Germany shall for a time inflame the heads of certain violent politicians to try their hand at what they call an Imperial policy."

Died, at Coolavin, aged 75, Charles J. Macdermot, "Prince of Coolavin," a fellowlabourer with O'Connell in the cause of Catholic emancipation.

8.-New docks at Flushing opened by the King of Holland.

9.-The Alabama indemnity paid at Washington,

13.-Died, aged 63, the Duke de Rianzares, husband of the ex-Queen of Spain, formerly a soldier in her guard.

15. Brief official despatch received announcing disaster to the exploring expedition on the Prah in August.

16. The last of the German troops cross the French frontier between nine and ten o'clock this morning.

17.-The King of Italy arrives at Vienna on a visit to the Emperor, and afterwards proceeds to Berlin.

Another fire at Chicago, laying waste a line of property nearly a mile in extent.

The British Association commences its sittings at Bradford, Professor Williamson (in room of Dr. Joule, absent through illness) delivering the opening address as President.

18.-Commercial panic in America leading to the suspension of Jay, Cooke, and Company, of New York, and of the First National Bank at Washington. The English Funds in consequence opened at a decline of 1, and United States Government Bonds were generally depressed to the extent of per cent., the Funded Loan falling to 90g and 90g, but subsequently recovering to 90 to 914, while Erie Shares fell 2 per cent., to 44 to 44 ex div., and Illinois Railway Shares I dol.

Died, aged 70, Sidi Muley Mohammed, Emperor of Morocco.

19.-Died, at Florence, from an attack of cholera, Professor Donati, astronomer.

The Challenger exploring expedition arrives at Bahia. Having thoroughly explored the rocky desolate islands of St. Vincent and San Jago, belonging to Portugal, a long stretch across the Atlantic ensued, through depths averaging 2,000 fathoms, to the vicinity of the African shores. With a view to investigate the currents the course was shaped for St. Paul's Rocks, a lonely cluster in mid-ocean, one square mile in area, and sixty feet above the sea level. Thence the vessel sailed (Aug. 30) for another cluster, 300 miles distant, known as Fernando de Noronha. On arrival, great disappointment was experienced by refusal of permission to land, the islands being used as a penal settlement by Brazil. America was then made for, and Pernambuco reached on September 14.

26. Mr. Henry James announced as the new Solicitor-General.

Opening of Wandsworth Bridge, connecting Wandsworth with Chelsea.

29.-M. Thiers writes to the Municipal Council of Nancy:-"Very soon we shall be called upon to defend, not alone the Republic which, in my opinion, is the only Government capable of rallying in the name of the common interest parties now so profoundly divided, which alone can speak to democracy with sufficient authority, and which now, far from troubling France, has appeared only to restore order, the army, finance, credit; to redeem the territory, and, in a word, to heal with one exception all the wounds of the war-we shall have, I say, to defend not only the Republic, but all the rights of France, her civil, political, and religious liberties, her social state, and her principles, which, after being proclaimed in 1789, have become those of the whole world; and, lastly, her flag, under which she is known to the whole universe, under which her soldiers, conquerors or conquered, have covered themselves with glory, and which, however, dear as it is to our hearts, will not suffice if all the things of which it is the emblem are to be taken away from us; for of these sacred things it is not the image alone, but the reality itself that we must have; and the tricolored flag, if remaining only to mask the counter-revolu tion, would be the most odious and revolting of lies."

30.-Died at Fox How, near Ambleside, aged 82, Mary Penrose, widow of Dr. Arnold. The Royal Commission appointed at the instance of Mr. Plimsoll to inquire into the alleged unseaworthiness of British registered ships, issue a preliminary report, recapitulating the schemes suggested for a compulsory survey and classification of merchant shipping under Lloyd's or Government, with counter evidence throwing doubt upon all such proposals, and tending to show that Government interference would only make matters worse, and "Amid these conflicting opinions, it is impossible, in the present state of our knowledge, to offer with any confidence any recommendation on this subject. We have referred to it here in the hope of directing public attention to a question which has often been treated as if it were of easy solution; it involves, however, a great principle of public policy, which should not be adopted or rejected without comprehensive and searching examination." The commissioners drew attention to the material change in the law which had occurred since their appointment, giving the Board of Trade full power to detain unseaworthy ships. Before recommending further legislation, they thought it would be well to observe the effect of the new enactment. The commissioners stated that, in their opinion, "there is no ground for the imputation made by Mr. Plimsoll that the Board of Trade desired to screen the ship

owners.

October 1.-The Social Science Congress opens at Norwich with Lord Houghton as President.

1.-Died, aged 71, Sir Edwin Landseer, painter. He was admitted as a student to the Royal Academy in 1816, when fourteen years of age, and in the following year exhibited "Brutus-a Portrait of a Mastiff," at the Academy. He was elected an A. R. A. in 1826, an R.A. in 1831, and received the honour of knighthood 1850. When Sir Charles Eastlake died in 1866 Landseer was chosen to succeed him as President of the Royal Academy, but he refused to accept the honour. Sir Edwin was buried in St. Paul's cathedral on the 11th.

2.-Died, aged 92, Cornelius Varley, one of the original members of the Water Colour Society.

3.-Mr. Disraeli writes to Lord Grey de Wilton regarding the Bath election contested by Mr. Forsyth, Q.C., in the Conservative interest: "My dear Grey,-I am much obliged to you for your Bath news. It is most interesting. It is rare a constituency has the opportunity of not only leading, but sustaining, public opinion at a critical period. That has been the high fortune of the people of Bath, and they have proved themselves worthy of it by the spirit and constancy they have shown. I cannot doubt they will continue their patriotic course by supporting Mr. Forsyth, an able and accomplished man, who will do honour to those who send him to Parliament. For nearly five years the present Ministers have harassed every trade, worried every profession, and assailed or menaced every class, institution, and species of property in the country. Occasionally they have varied this state of civil warfare by perpetrating some job which outraged public opinion, or by stumbling into mistakes which have been always discreditable, and sometimes ruinous. All this they call a policy, and seem quite proud of it; but the country has, I think, made up its mind to close this career of plundering and blundering."

Execution of "Captain" Jack and three other Modoc Indians at Fort Kalomath, Oregon, for the murder of General Canby.

4.--Sir Garnet Wolseley addresses the native chiefs of the Gold Coast, stating that her Majesty having been informed of the injuries inflicted on her allies in that part of the world by the Ashantees, "who, without any just cause, have invaded your country, and, having learnt that you were unable to repulse your enemies without assistance, has sent me to unite in one person the chief military and civil administrations, so that, as a general officer, I may be able to help you. It was not an English war, but a Fantee war. The English forts were so strong that we ourselves had nothing to fear from the Ashantees; but, as it had become evident that a merely defensive policy would result in the destruction of the Fantees, the Queen was willing to assist them. The only interest she had in the Gold Coast was the promotion of their welfare by spreading

The Danish Rigsdag opened at Copenhagen, and the colossal statue of King Frederick VII. unveiled in connection with the ceremony.

Commencement of the trial of Marshal Bazaine at the Trianon Palace, Versailles, under the Presidency of the Duc d'Aumale. The charges against the Marshal were, that after urging Marshal MacMahon to march to his relief, he did not create a serious diversion, and was therefore answerable in a measure for the disaster of Sedan; that he did not do everything prescribed by duty and honour to save Metz and the army of 150,000 men he commanded; that he accepted conditions without any example in history; that he did not destroy his matériel; that he accepted a clause permitting officers to return home on giving their parole not to serve against Germany during the war; that he did not obtain proper conditions for the sick and wounded, and that he neglected to destroy his flags.

Mr. Bright issues an address to his constituents, a re-election being necessary through his acceptance of the Chancellorship of the Duchy of Lancaster. "The office," he wrote, "I have accepted is not one of heavy departmental duty, or I could not have ventured upon it, but it will enable me to take part in the deliberations of the Cabinet and to render services to principles which I have often expounded in your hearing, and which you have generally approved, more important, I believe, than any I could render in the House of Commons unconnected with the Government. do not write to you a long address, for I am not a stranger to you. I hold the principles when in office that I have constantly professed since you gave me your confidence sixteen years ago. When I find myself unable to advance those principles, and to serve you honestly as a Minister, I shall abandon a position which demands of me sacrifices which I cannot make." Mr. Bright was re-elected without opposition.

I

7. Bishop Reinkens, the Old Catholic Bishop, of Germany, takes the oaths required by the Constitution at Berlin. "I promise," he said, "to observe all this all the more inviolate as I am certain that my episcopal office requires me to do nothing which can be in contradiction to the oath of fidelity and allegiance to his Majesty the King, or to the obedience due to the laws of the country."

8. Speaking at the Bath Congress on the present position of the Church, Archdeacon Denison said he had come to the conclusion that it is almost hopeless to continue the struggle

against disestablishment. "I have no doubt as to the duty of a nation to have a national church, but looking at the peculiar circumstances of these times, and the present constitution of the House of Commons, I am convinced that unless church-people make a different fight for their church, I do not see how it is possible for anything to happen but disestablishment."

8.-Bath election carried by Captain Hayter, Liberal, the numbers being-Hayter, 2,210; Forsyth, 2,071.

Captain James Brown examined in the Tichborne trial, this witness swearing to having accompanied the Claimant on board the Bella, at Rio.

9.-Sir Samuel and Lady Baker arrive in London from Egypt.

Discussion in the Edinburgh Presbytery on the case of Dr. Wallace, charged with expressing opinions in his sermons and writings calculated to unsettle the minds of ordinary hearers on the truth and importance of essential doctrines of Christianity, as the Trinity, the union of the Divine and human natures in the person of Jesus Christ-His incarnation, miracles, and resurrection, the Ascension, and the Second Advent." Dr. Wallace, in his answers, gave such explanations that the Presbytery agreed to a resolution in which they stated that they considered it unnecessary to take further steps in the matter.

Died, aged 74, Lieutenant-General Lord Howden, formerly Ambassador at Madrid.

Died, aged 64, John Evan Thomas, F.S.A., sculptor, Brecon.

10.-The Education Department issue new regulations for the election of borough and parish school-boards, providing that all board elections, as well as the poll taken on the resolution to apply for a board made by the ratepayers of a parish, shall in future be by ballot. The Intransigente war-ships defeated off Carthagena, in an action with Admiral Lobo's fleet. Two days later the admiral withdrew his force in the direction of Gibraltar.

11.

66

"We crossed

lish, but with a foreign accent. the line," he said, some part of April, and got into the trade winds. When we were off the coast of the Brazils something attracted my attention. Early in the morning our attention was directed to a boat. We had had a very rough night, with squalls and rain. We noticed a boat on our port bow, and hauled to the wind as near as we could; but we could not get to her on that tack. We were too much to the wind. We made another tack, and then had the boat on our quarter. At that time the boat put up a spar with a red signal. A red shirt it turned out to be. The boat, when we first saw her, was about two miles to windward. We had left her astern about the same distance when we saw the signal. Our ship must have been about 400 or 500 miles from the Brazilian coast, and eighteen or twenty south latitude. We went about again and got up to the boat, and found six men in her. They were all in a delirious condition except two, who were paddling towards us. My attention was attracted to one of the men in particular. He was not a sailor. He was one of the four. When we got the men on board, we washed them all and supplied them with food. Captain Bennett-that was the name of our captain— directed me to take the young man who was not a sailor into the cabin and place him on a sofa, but instead of doing that I put him in my own berth, and there I kept him all the time until our arrival in Melbourne. It took us three months to get to Melbourne, where we arrived in the early part of July. I noticed a good deal about him. I had to wash him nearly every day during the whole voyage. He was a small-made man, and not very bony. He had small hands, and dark-brown hair and big eyebrows. He had a habit of raising his forehead and eyes. His conversation with me was generally in Spanish. I speak that language. Sometimes he talked with me in broken French. We picked them up in April. I asked the young man several times for his name, and he gave me the same answer. Once he told me that his name was Roger. He told me he had been in the Brazils, and went on board a vessel of the name of Bella, in Rio, and that they were bound for some part of America with a cargo of coffee. I asked him if he had been staying in the Brazils for any length of time, and he said only a short time.

In London, in consequence of what I heard on the 5th of July, I put myself in communication with the man whom it was said had been saved from the Bella. On the 7th I went to a house and asked if a gentleman was living there who went by the name of the Claimant. The servant, after going inside, said I could not see him, and I was told to go to Poet's Corner. I met Mr. Hendriks and Mr. O'Brien, and they took down my statement about the Osprey. Mr. Whalley came in, and he took me and O'Brien in a cab to No. 34 in a street. We were shown into a room, and I saw the defendant sitting at the window. He said,

'How do you do, Luie?' in Spanish. I had not given my name except to Hendriks; but he knew me at once. I recognized his voice immediately."

14.--Father Hyacinthe and M. Chavard, the newly-elected Old Catholic curés at Geneva, tike the oaths before the Council of State. The ceremony was performed at the St. Germain Church, which had been placed at their disposal. There was some excitement in the neighbourhood, but no disturbance.

Publication at Berlin of the correspondence between the Pope and the Emperor of Germany.

15.-The Congregational Union at Ipswich discuss a letter from Lord Shaftesbury's Vigilance Committee, in which the aid of Congregationalists was requested in an endeavour to rouse the country to some common action in regard to the advance of Ritualism and the practice of the Confessional in the Church of England. A series of resolutions was proposed, expressing the grave concern with which the Union regarded the Romanizing efforts of some of the clergy and other members of the Church of England, but stating that it could not, consistently with its views of the rightful relation of the Legislature to the Church of Christ, unite with the Vigilance Committee in any political action which contemplated the strengthening of the discipline of the Church of England by means of new laws, or which assumed that the Church should continue as a national establishment; further, that the Union regarded the defection of so large a portion of the clergy as a natural result of the retention in the formularies of the Church of some of the cardinal errors of the Church of Rome.

It gave

The first Budget ever published in Egypt issued by authority of the Khedive. details of the estimated revenue and expenditure for the twelve months from the 10th of September, 1873, to the 10th of September, 1874, and showed revenue equal to 10,166,000/., and expenditure equal to 9,046,000/., leaving a surplus of 1,120,000/.

The castle of Ardverikie, formerly the residence of the Duke of Abercorn, and in which her Majesty and the Prince Consort passed the autumn of 1847, almost totally destroyed by fire. Sir Edwin Landseer, when a guest at the castle, decorated three sides of the walls of the drawing-room with sketches, all the subjects being connected with the chase.

Earl Derby described the Ashantee war as a doctor's war and an engineer's war quite as much as a soldier's war. He doubted whether it was wise to take over the Dutch forts, "and I greatly doubt whether any man in or out of the Colonial Office exactly knows, or could define, the limits of our authority and of our responsibility in regard to tribes included within the protected territory. No doubt pledges must be kept, but the narrower the limits within which we contract our relations with those tribes the better, I believe, it will be. I have no great faith in that kind of moral influence which you acquire by burning a man's house over his head, and telling him he is to be your subject, whether he likes it or not. I believe, as a matter of fact, that trade is found to grow quite as fast, if not ather faster, in places where we do not exercise political power as in those where we do; and while I firmly believe in the value to the empire of colonies to which our own people can go out, and where they can work, I think, to put the thing plainly, that we have got quite black men enough, and that we had better not go in for more.'

17.-Celebration of the 1200th anniversary of the foundation of Ely Cathedral, the city of Queen Etheldreda.

Commission gazetted for inquiring into grievances alleged to be suffered by officers in the army.

The Emperor of Germany again visits the Emperor of Austria at Vienna.

Speaking at a Conservative banquet at Hertford, the Marquis of Salisbury criticized at some length the action of Mr. Gladstone's Ministry, which he said had this peculiarity, that it had been, in contrast to all English Ministries of many generations past-a Ministry of heroic measures. "Far be it from me" (the noble lord said) "to accuse them of heroism. They keep their heroism to the Home Office. They don't let it transgress the threshold of the Foreign Office. They offer to us a remark

able instance of Christian meekness and humility; but I am afraid it is that kind of Christian meekness which turns the left cheek to Russia and America, and demands the uttermost farthing of Ashantee. This, however, is to be said for their heroism, that outside these islands there is no doubt it has been heroism approaching to sternness towards every interest that happened to belong to the minority defeated at the poll. There may be some doubt as to what the result of the next election upon the composition of Ministries may be. I confess I do not regard that question as one of the first importance. If it may be that we are to have a strong Government, I wish that it may be a Conservative Government; but if we are to have a weak Government, I wish that it may be a Liberal one. It may not be in your power to drive this Ministry from place-you may not be able to terminate its official life; but you will be able to draw its teeth and clip