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CHAPTER XIV.

PREMONITIONS OF THE PRESIDENCY.

Mr. Lincoln in the Winter of 1858-9 delivers a Lecture on the History of Inventions-
His Popularity at the West-Letter to Dr. Canisius on Naturalization and Fusion-
Reception by the State Convention at Decatur-The Presentation of the Rails from
Macon County-Mr. Lincoln's Visit to Kansas-Extract from his Speech at Leaven-
worth-He Visits Ohio-Speaks at Columbus and Cincinnati-Extract from his
Speech at Cincinnati-Popular Sovereignty Doctrine of Mr. Douglas-Mr. Lincoln
Visits New York-Speaks at Cooper Institute-William C. Bryant presides at the
Meeting-Great Ability and Research displayed in the Speech-Extracts-Mr. Lin-
coln Visits the Five Points Mission-Goes to Connecticut, and speaks at Hartford,
New Haven, Meriden, &c.-His great Success as a Speaker-Anecdote related by
Rev. J. P. Gulliver-Mr. Lincoln Visits his Son at Cambridge, and returns to Illi-
nois,
195

CHAPTER XV.

PRESIDENTIAL CONVENTIONS OF 1860.-MR. LINCOLN'S

NOMINATION.

State of the Country in 1860-Southern Leaders Preparing for Secession-Knights of the
Golden Circle-Church and Press at the South-Cobb and Floyd-Opinions at the
North-Democratic Convention at Charleston-Mr. Yancey and the" Fire-eaters "-
Division of the Convention-Both Factions Adjourn without making Nominations-
National Constitutional Union Convention at Baltimore-Bell and Everett nominated
-Breckinridge nominated by the Fire-eaters, and Douglas by the regular Democratic
Convention-Mr. Lincoln's Story-Republican Convention at Chicago-Prominent
Candidates for the Nomination-The Party Platform-Balloting for President-Nom-
ination of Lincoln-Enthusiasm of the Convention and of the Spectators-Disap-
pointment of Mr. Seward's friends-Reception of the News at Springfield-The
Committee of the Convention visit Mr. Lincoln-Speech of Mr. Ashmun, the Chair-
man-Reply of Mr. Lincoln-His Letter Accepting the Nomination,.
216

CHAPTER XVI.

THE CAMPAIGN.-MR. LINCOLN'S ELECTION.

Mr. Lincoln visited by Multitudes of People-Anecdotes-The Prospect for the Future
-Mr. Lincoln's Views of the Duties of Christians and Ministers-His Conversation
with Mr. Bateman-His Religious Faith and Convictions-Apparent Contradictions
in Character-The Election of Mr. Lincoln Regarded as Certain-Course of the South-
ern Leaders-Silence of Mr. Lincoln during the Campaign-Election of Mr. Lincoln
-Popular Rejoicing at the North, and Exasperation at the South-Feeling of the
Republican Party-Effect upon Mr. Lincoln-An Optical Illusion-Visit to Chicago
-Anecdotes illustrating Mr. Lincoln's Love of Children-“Cabinet-making”—Mr.
Lincoln's Views,

232

CHAPTER XVII.

MR. LINCOLN'S JOURNEY TO WASHINGTON.
Enormity of the Rebellion-Floyd-Black-Buchanan-Secession of several States-
Forts and Arsenals seized-Position of Mr. Stanton and Mr. Holt-Attempts to con-
ciliate the South-Condition of the Country-Mr. Lincoln leaves Springfield for
Washington-His Farewell Speech-His Speech at Indianapolis-Journey to Cin-
cinnati-Speeches at Cincinnati-Reception at Columbus-At Pittsburg-At Cleve-
land-At Buffalo-At Albany-At Poughkeepsie-At New York-At Trenton-At
Philadelphia-Plot against the President's Life-His Speech at Independence Hall
-Reception at Harrisburg-Journey to Washington, . . .

249

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE INAUGURATION.-OPENING OF THE WAR.

The Procession-Reception of the President by the People-The Inaugural Address-
Cabinet Appointments-Rebel Sympathizers in Office-Mr. Lincoln's pacific Policy
-Arrival of Rebel Commissioners in Washington-Surrender of Fort Sumter-Effect
upon the North-Proclamation of the President-Response of Massachusetts-At-
tack upon the Troops in Baltimore-Proclamation declaring a Blockade of Rebel
Ports-Position of Virginia-Secession of Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and
Arkansas-Response to the Call of the President at the North and West-Mr. Doug-
las's Visit to Mr. Lincoln-His Devotion to the Country-Speeches in Illinois-His
Sickness and Death,
.277

CHAPTER XIX.

FIRST SUMMER OF THE WAR.

Important Military Operations-Washington Relieved from Danger-Fortress Monroe
Reinforced-The Government Works at Harper's Ferry Blown Up and Abandoned
-Occupation of Cairo-Rebel Congress assembled at Montgomery-Message of
President Davis-President Lincoln's Call for additional Troops-Affairs in Missouri
-General Butler's "Contraband" Order-Battle of Big Bethel-Death of Colonel
Ellsworth-Battle of Bull Run-Agreement between Buckner and McClellan-Po-
sition of the Government in reference to Slavery The State of Western Virginia
Organized-Battles of Laurel Hill and Rich Mountain-Special Session of Congress
-Message of the President-The Majority of Congress sustain the Government-
Mr. Crittenden's Resolution-Effect of the President's Inaugural and Message—Ap-
pointment of General McClellan to the Command of the Army of the Potomac, 308

CHAPTER XX.

FOREIGN RELATIONS.-FREMONT IN MISSOURI.
Results of the Bull Run Battle-Foreign Relations-Seward's Instructions to Minister
Adams-To our Ministers at other European Courts-Belligerent Rights of Rebels
recognized by England and France-Sympathy of England with the Rebellion-J.
C. Fremont appointed Major-general-Battle of Wilson's Creek-Condition of Mis-
souri-Fremont's Proclamation-Lincoln's Letter to Fremont-Modification of Fre-
mont's Proclamation-Letter of Hon. Joseph Holt-General Fremont and Colonel
Blair-Charges against Fremont-General Grant occupies Paducah, Kentucky-Sur-
render of Colonel Mulligan-General Fremont takes the Field-He is superseded
by General Hunter-General McClellan and the Army of the Potomac-General
Butler captures the Hatteras Forts-Munson's Hill occupied by the Rebels-Battle
of Ball's Bluff-Resignation of General Scott-Visit of the President and Cabinet
to General Scott-Appointment of General McClellan to the Chief Command-
Victory at Port Royal-Victories of General Grant in Missouri and General Nelson
in Kentucky-Instructions to General Butler on the subject of Slavery, . . . . 324

CHAPTER XXI.

THE TRENT AFFAIR.-THE GOVERNMENT AND SLAVERY.
Capture of Mason and Slidell by Captain Wilkes-Difficulties with England-Letter of
Mr. Seward-Release of Mason and Slidell-Session of Congress-Message of the
President-The Question of Slavery-Mr. Lincoln's Regard for the Constitution and
the Laws-He Recommends Gradual Emancipation-Conference with Members of
Congress from the Border States-Address of the President-The Confiscation Act
-Abolition of Slavery in the District of Columbia-Letter of Mr. Greeley-Reply of
the President-Mr. Cameron's Resignation-Appointment of Mr. Stanton-Mr. Lin-
coln's Story,
339

CHAPTER XXII.

CAMPAIGNS OF 1862.

General McClellan and the Army of the Potomac-Blockade of the Potomac-Order of
the President for a grand Movement of the Armies of the Union-Order to the
Army of the Potomac-General McClellan advises a different Plan from that pro-
posed in the President's Order Mr. Lincoln's Reply to McClellan-McClellan's
Plan Adopted-Evacuation of Manassas-Orders of the President-Organization of
Army Corps-Blenker's Division ordered to join Fremont-Banks to attack Jack-
son-McDowell's Corps retained for the Defense of Washington-McClellan at York-
town-McClellan complains of the Inadequacy of his Force-Correspondence be-
tween McClellan and the Authorities at Washington-General Franklin's Division
sent to General McClellan-Evacuation of Yorktown-Battle of Williamsburgh-
Battle at West Point-Correspondence on the Subject of Army Corps-Mr. Lincoln's
"Little Story "-Capture of Norfolk-McClellan still Clamorous for Reinforcements
-Defeat of Banks-Defeat of the Rebels at Hanover Court-House-Battle of Fair
Oaks-Further Correspondence-The "Seven Days' Fight," and Retreat to James
River McClellan's Advice to the Government-The President at Harrison's Land-
ing-The Army of the Potomac returns to Alexandria-Failure of McClellan to Re-
inforce General Pope-The Rebels cross the Potomac-General McClellan appointed
to the Command of the Army in Virginia-Battles of South Mountain and Antietam
-General McClellan ordered to pursue the Rebels-Stuart's Raid-President's Let-
ter to General McClellan-The Army across the Potomac-McClellan relieved of his
Command-His Character-General Burnside appointed to the Command-Defeat
at Fredericksburg-Capture of Roanoke Island-New Orleans surrendered to Gen-
eral Butler-Military Affairs at the West,
358

CHAPTER XXIII.

PROCLAMATION OF EMANCIPATION.

Mr. Lincoln's Proclamation in pursuance of the Confiscation Act-Fernando Wood's
Letters, advising Negotiation with the Rebels-The President's Replies-Mr. Lin-
coln's Letter to Mr. Hodges-Mr. Carpenter's Account of the Emancipation Procla-
mation-Cabinet Meeting-Opinions of Messrs. Chase, Blair and Seward-Mr. Bout-
well's Account-The Preliminary Proclamation issued-Its Reception by the People
-General McClellan's Order to the Army-The Emancipation Proclamation of
January 1st, 1863-Proclamation suspending the Writ of Habeas Corpus-Criticisms
upon it-Circular Letter of the President on Sabbath-breaking in the Army-Letter
to Governor Shepley, .
.387

CHAPTER XXIV.

SUSPENSION OF HABEAS CORPUS.-THE DRAFT.-CAM-
PAIGNS OF 1863.

Colonization Schemes of the President-Compensated Emancipation recommended-
Bill for Enrolling and Drafting the Militia-Financial Measures of Congress-Opin-
ions of the President-Western Virginia admitted to the Union-Representatives
from Louisiana admitted to Congress-Peace Agitations-Course of Vallandıgham
of Ohio-His Arrest by General Burnside-Decision of Judge Leavitt-Vallandıg-
ham's Trial and Sentence-Sentence modified by the President-Letter of Gov-
ernor Seymour-Vallandigham nominated for Governor by the Democratic Con-
vention of Ohio-The Committee of the Convention visit the President-The Pres-
ident's Reply to their Letter-Resolutions of the Albany Meeting-The President's
Reply-Universal Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus-The Draft-Riots in
New York-Course of Governor Seymour-Action of the President-Elections of
1863-Letter from the Working Men of Manchester, England-The President's
Reply-Mr. Lincoln's Letter to J. C. Conkling-Military Events of the Year-Battle

of Chancellorsville-Lee's Invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania-General Meade
succeeds General Hooker in Command-Battle of Gettysburg-The President's
Dispatch-Dedication of the Gettysburg Cemetery-Speech of the President-Sur-
render of Vicksburg and Port Hudson-Mr. Lincoln's Letter to General Grant-
Rosecrans' Campaign in Tennessee-General Grant defeats Bragg, and drives Long-
street from Tennessee-The President's Thanksgiving Proclamations-Difficulty
among Union Men'in Missouri-Mr. Lincoln's Opinion,

CHAPTER XXV.

PRIVATE LIFE AT THE WHITE HOUSE.

405

Mr. Lincoln at the White House-His Relations to the Members of the Cabinet-His
Health-His Love of Music-His Sympathy with the Soldiers-Anecdotes-His
Charity for Human Weakness-His Severity towards Deliberate and Mercenary
Crimes-Anecdotes-Mr. Lincoln's Religious Character-Death of his Son-Anec-
dotes illustrating his Religious Character-His Interest in the Christian Commis-
sion-Anecdotes-Visit of Two Hundred Members of the Christian Commission-
Remarks of Mr. Stuart, and the President's Reply-Mr. Lincoln's Interview with
Rev. J. T. Duryea-His Interest in the Efforts of Religious Men-His Habits at the
White House-Narrative of a Lady who urged him to establish Military Hospitals
in the Northern States-Injurious effects of Excessive Labor, Anxiety, and Loss
of Sleep-Visits of Representatives of various Churches and Public Bodies-His
Melancholy-Anecdotes-His Character, ...
429

CHAPTER XXVI.

SESSION OF CONGRESS, 1863-4.—SANITARY FAIRS.
The President's Message-Proclamation of Amnesty-Supplementary and Explanatory
Proclamation of March 24, 1864-Failure of the Bill establishing a Bureau of Freed-
men's Affairs, and of the Constitutional Amendment Abolishing Slavery-Repeal of
the Fugitive Slave Law-Debate in the House of Representatives on the Expulsion
of Long and Harris-Case of General F. P. Blair-U.S. Grant appointed Lieutenant-
general-Sanitary Fair at Baltimore-At Philadelphia-At the Patent-office in Wash-
ington-Visits and Speeches of the President-Order in reference to the Treatment
of "Colored Soldiers-Speech of the President on the Subject,

CHAPTER XXVII.

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457

PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 1864.-RE-ELECTION OF

MR. LINCOLN.

Presidential Election of 1884-State of the Country-Chase-Fremont-Convention at
Cleveland-J. C. Fremont nominated for President-His Reasons for Accepting
the Nomination-Withdrawal of his Name-Meeting in New York in Honor of Gen-
eral Grant-Baltimore Convention-Platform-Mr. Lincoln nominated for President
-His Speech accepting the Nomination-Letter to the Committee of the Conven-
tion-Case of Arguelles-Congressional Plan of Reconstruction-The President's
Proclamation-Manifesto of Senators Wade and Davis-Peace Negotiations-Mr.
Greeley's Letters-Mr. Lincoln's Replies-Mr. Greeley at Niagara Falls-Consulta-
tions with Clay and Holcombe-The President's Letter to H. J. Raymond-Demo-
cratic Convention at Chicago-The Platform-McClellan and Pendleton Nominated
-Vallandigham-Mr. Blair Retires from the Cabinet-Mr. Dennison appointed in
his Place-Mr. Lincoln's Speech on the Adoption of a Free Constitution in Mary-
land-Protest against the Tennessee Test Oath-The President's Reply-Call for
500,000 Men-President Lincoln Re-elected-His Letter to Mrs. Bixby,..... 467

CHAPTER XXVIII.

MILITARY EVENTS OF 1864.—RE-INAUGURATION OF

MR. LINCOLN.

Military Operations of 1864-General Smith's Expedition from Memphis-Kilpatrick's
Raid-The Red River Expedition-Surrender of Fort Pillow-Battles of the Wil-
derness-General Butler at City Point-Siege of Petersburg-Sherman's Campaign
in Georgia-Capture of Atlanta-Sherman's March for the Coast-Capture of Sa-
vannah-General Thomas defeats Hood in Tennessee-Sheridan defeats Early in
the Shenandoah Valley-Rout of Price in Missouri-Changes in the Cabinet-Death
of Chief-Justice Taney, and Appointment of Mr. Chase-Message of the President
-Passage by Congress of the Amendment to the Constitution abolishing Slavery-
Call for 300,000 Men-Peace Conference in Hampton Roads-Mr. Lincoln's "Story"
-Close of President Lincoln's First Term-His Re-Inauguration-His Inaugural
Address-Resignation of Secretary Fessenden-Appointment of Mr. McCulloch-
Proclamation to Deserters-The Draft,

CHAPTER XXIX.

499

MILITARY EVENTS OF 1865.-CLOSE OF THE WAR.
Sherman's March-Occupation of Columbia-Evacuation of Charleston-Battles of
Averysboro and Bentonville-Occupation of Goldsboro-The President at City Point
-Advance of the Army of the Potomac-Defeat of General Lee-Evacuation of Rich-
mond-Its occupation by General Weitzel-Surrender of General Lee-The Pres-
ident and the Kittens-The President visits Richmond-His Interview with Judge
Campbell-Negotiations of General Sherman-Surrender of General Johnston-End
of the Rebellion-Joy of the People-Popularity of the President-His Speech at
the White House,..
.506

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Position of President Lincoln before the World-Plots for his Assassination-Letter of
Mr. Seward-The President's Interview with Speaker Colfax-His attendance at
Ford's Theater-Enthusiasm of the People on his Arrival-J. Wilkes Booth-His
Arrangements for the Assassination-Perpetration of the Deed-Escape of Booth-
Death of the President-Attack upon Mr. Seward and his Son-Profound Grief of
the Nation-Funeral Services at Washington-Departure of the Funeral Train for
Springfield-Ceremonies at Baltimore-At Harrisburg-At Philadelphia-At New
York-At Albany-At Buffalo-At Cleveland-At Columbus-At Chicago-Funeral
Services at Springfield-Foreign Expressions of Sympathy with the Nation, and
with Mr. Lincoln's Family-Mr. Johnson succeeds to the Presidency-Large Re-
wards offered for the apprehension of the Murderer-He is traced to his Hiding-
place and Killed-Capture and Trial of his Associates-Closing Tribute to the Char-
acter and Administration of Abraham Lincoln,
518

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