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F., Purkey, Millard E., Power, McKinley H., Power, Tony B., Preston, Walter E., Risher, Waldo O., Ross, Churchill W., Ryan, Ernest M., Smith, Harry E., Sehmidt, Frank, Satterlee, Jerome E., Sheppard, Arthur R., Seymour, Charles R., Traver, Clair M., Utley, Miles A., Utley, Carl P., Witheral, Arthur L., Wilkins, Harold F., Zirtzman, Ray F.

GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC

W. A. Morse Post, No. 190, Grand Army of the Republic, was organized May 23, 1883, in memory of Capt. W. A. Morse, who assisted in raising the first company from Manchester for the Civil war. On the evening of the day mentioned, G. L. Yount, of Fred Steele Post, No. 4, Anamosa, mustered in the following comrades: G. A. Day, J. B. Satterlee, G. O. Vincent, W. S. Jones, J. B. Thompson, A. G. Thompson, H. C. Fox, B. W. Jewell, B. P. Skinner, W. S. Martin, H. Harger, L. Rich, A. J. Collinge, James Shade, R. B. Lynn, Andrew Miller and James McFarland.

Officers were then voted for, with the following result: P. C., Col. George A. Day; S. V. C., J. B. Satterlee; J. V. V., G. O. Vincent; Adjt., B. W. Jewell; Q. M., W. S. Jones; Surg., C. C. Bradley; Chap., H. C. Fox; O. D., J. B. Thompson; O. G., A. G. Thompson; Serg.-Maj., B. F. Skinner; Q. M.-Sergt., W. S. Martin.

The second meeting was held May 26th following, and another squad was mustered in, namely: A. Work, J. P. Wilson, A. Lightfoot, J. M. Garrison, G. G. Merrill, T. Scudder, D. K. Fox, S. W. Trenchard, A. J. Abbott, A. O. Moore, and A. C. Carter.

At the third meeting another list was added to the muster rolls: Joseph Mitch, C. B. Gaton, A. Dunham, H. M. Day, A. H. Blake, George H. Morrisey, S. E. Meserve, A. A. Morse, J. Van Antwerp, C. L. Bradley, C. W. Hamblin and A. A. Hamblin.

At one time W. A. Morse Post had over one hundred members and on the annual memorial day upon parade made a goodly showing, but as the years have gone by their ranks have become thinner and thinner until they can hardly muster a corporal's guard. The names of those who have served as post commanders are here given: J. B. Satterlee, George H. Morrisey, George A. Day, George H. Morrisey, A. G. Thompson, B. F. Skinner, A. Lightfoot, C. O. Torrey, R. M. Marvin, A. J. Collinge, J. F. Merry, J. B. Satterlee, A. Dunham, C. B. Eaton, George Commerford, Peter Boardway, E. E. Newcomb, Abner Dunham, - Fleming, C. Bailey, A. B. Tirrill, G. M. Heacock, A. C. Carter, C. H. Johnson and A. C. Carter.

SOLDIERS' MONUMENT

The Soldiers' Monument in Oakland Cemetery was erected by the county in 1912, under the direction of a Soldiers' Monument Commission, selected by the Soldiers' Relief Commission and the board of supervisors. The monument commission consisted of Capt. J. F. Merry, chairman; R. M. Marvin, secretary; Frank Mead and R. W. Tirrill.

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The monument was constructed and erected by the Capitol Hill Granite and Marble Works, of Des Moines, at a cost of $1,725. It is of Barre granite, height 20 feet, 6 inches; weight, about twenty-four tons. The designs on the second die represent the four branches of the service-infantry, cavalry, artillery and the navy. It is conceded by those who have seen it to be the most beautiful soldiers' monument in the state; and it might be added, that it is the first of this design to be erected in Iowa. The same design for a soldiers' monument has since been followed for one erected at Strawberry Point, Clayton County, and also for one erected at Edgewood in this county, September 23, 1914. Capt. John F. Merry was also master of ceremonies at the unveiling of this last mentioned handsome memorial to the soldier dead, making the presentation address, while R. M. Marvin directed the unveiling.

CHAPTER X

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION

The pioneers of the healing art in Delaware County were the guardians of a widely dispersed population. Aside from their professional duties, they contributed their full share to the material development of a newly opened country. Some were men of culture, who had gained their medical education in college. Others were of limited educational attainments, whose professional knowledge had been acquired in the offices of established practitioners of more or less ability in the sections from which they emigrated. Of either class almost without exception, they were practical men of great force of character who gave cheerful and efficacious assistance to the suffering, daily journeying on horseback scores of miles, over a country almost destitute of roads and encountering swollen, unbridged streams, without waterproof garments or other now common protection against the elements. Out of necessity the pioneer physician developed rare quickness of perception and self-reliance. A specialist was then unknown, and the physician was called upon to treat every phase of bodily ailment, serving as physician, surgeon, oculist and dentist. His books were few and there were no practitioners of more ability than himself with whom he might consult. His medicines were simple and carried on his person and every preparation of pill or solution was the work of his own hands.

During the summer and autumn of 1837, cases of bilious remitting fever occurred, which readily yielded to treatment. The winter following several cases of bilious pneumonia demanded prompt attendance and special vigilance in the observance of changes indicative of greater danger. These were the diseases and the principal ones which called for medical help up to the year 1849. Since that year, or from that period, the summer and autumnal fevers ceased to be epidemical and pneumonia became less frequent. It may be well to mention here that the fevers of 1849, after the third or fourth day, assumed a typhoid character, the remission hardly observable, and the nervous depression occasioning great anxiety.

It was probably Doctor Rush of Philadelphia-a great name up to about 1825—who said the lancet was a "sheet anchor" in all inflammatory diseases, so it might have been said of quinine, as used in remittent and intermittent fevers, in both the Mississippi and Missouri valleys from 1830 up to 1850. During that period 120,000 square miles west of the Mississippi and north of St. Louis became populated and all of it more or less malarious. In some of these years the demand for quinine was so great that the supply in the American market became exhausted. "Sappington's pills" were indirectly the power which worked steamboats up the river from 1835 to 1843. They were verily, the "sheet anchor" not only aboard boats but in many households. Doctor

Sappington was a regular allopathic physician of considerable ability, residing up the Missouri River, who thought it would be a benefaction to the new civilization of the West to prepare quinine ready to be taken in the form of pills. Boxes of his pills contained four dozen each and the pellets two grains each. The direction on the box was to take from two to twenty, as the urgency of the case seemed to require, without reference to the stage of the paroxysm. While the country was wild and settlements few, no physician licensed to practice his profession was obtainable in the country and the pioneer mothers were largely called upon to administer to the sick and ailing. Many of them became proficient in their homely way, using herbs and other remedies which in many cases proved their virtues. They also acted as midwives and it was nothing peculiarly unusual for these brave, resourceful, sensible women to take in hand a patient suffering with a broken limb or wound and bring him or her safely through their troubles. Certain of the sterner sex, having no education or regular training for the practice of medicine, posed as doctors and practiced the healing art among their neighbors, some with more or less

success.

Dr. Joseph W. Robbins was probably the first physician to locate in Manchester. After graduating from Geneva (New York) Medical College in 1852, he settled at Colesburg and remained there until 1855, when he removed to Manchester, then a town becoming of some importance, and hung out his shingle. He was a man of considerable ability and became quite successful in practice. Dr. John Acers had before this time located at Delaware Center, or Acersville as it was more familiarly known. He practiced medicine, as did Doctor Hamlet, who located in Manchester in 1856.

Another early physician at Manchester was Dr. C. C. Bradley, now deceased. After locating here he soon gained in favor as an able physician and successful surgeon. He was successful and popular and built up a splendid business. He was also a soldier in the Civil war. In 1862 Dr. Walter B. Sherman located in Delaware County and graduated from the Cleveland Medical College in 1870. He began the practice of his profession in Manchester and became junior member of the firm of Bradley & Sherman.

Dr. Benjamin H. Reynolds was a native of the State of New York. He removed to Kankakee, Illinois, and enlisted there for the Civil war, serving nearly three years, after which he attended college at Ann Arbor, Michigan, and in March, 1866, came to Delaware County and located at Masonville. He took up his permanent residence in Manchester in 1873, where he successfully engaged in the practice of his chosen profession.

Among others of the early doctors in Manchester may be mentioned Drs. J. M. Lanning, John Acers, W. A. Morse, S. W. Green.

Dr. Alfred Boomer was early in the practice in Delhi and was one of its most successful physicians. He was a good citizen, a prominent church man, and energetic in whatever he undertook to do.

Dr. S. Haskins, after serving in the Civil war as assistant surgeon of the Fourteenth Iowa Regiment, located at Earlville. He was a graduate of Bellevue College, in 1868. Doctor Haskins not only enjoyed a good practice, but also the confidence of the community.

Dr. H. H. Pierce graduated from a medical school at Burlington, Vermont, in 1870, and before the end of the year was in the practice of his profession at Delaware, this county. He had quite a successful practice and held the office of county coroner.

P. E. Triem was born in Canton, Ohio, January 17, 1850. During his infancy his parents moved to Will County, Illinois. At the age of fourteen he entered Northwestern College at Plainsfield, Illinois, from which institution he graduated in the spring of 1872. Soon afterwards he commenced the study of medicine at Naperville, Illinois, and subsequently, at Laporte, Iowa; he then entered Hahnemann Medical College at Chicago, graduating in March, 1874. He began practice at Laporte, Iowa, and continued there until 1879, when he came to Manchester, Iowa, and engaged in the practice of medicine for the remainder of his life. In August, 1877, he married Mary A. Dewey, of Lockport, Illinois. Two children were born to them, Paul and Flora. He was a member of the Congregational church, an Odd Fellow and Modern Woodman, and a man of sterling worth. Doctor May who, for several years, was associated with Doctor Triem, says that he was considered one of the most successful homeopathic physicians in the state. He died in the State of Washington a few years since, leaving many to sincerely mourn his loss.

Dr. George Harwood, a native of England, after traveling pretty nearly over the globe, settled at Masonville in 1877, and in connection with W. E. Lawrence opened a drug store. He practiced his profession there.

Dr. W. H. Finley was one of the early practitioners at Hopkinton. He was a graduate of the State Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1858, and in January of the following year began the practice of his profession at Hopkinton. He was for 22 years assistant surgeon of the Twelfth Iowa Volunteer Infantry and then a surgeon of the Eighth Iowa Cavalry. After the war he resumed practice at Hopkinton.

Dr. Stephen Cummings was another physician who made a success of his profession among the sick and ailing of that town. He located here in 1858, coming from his first field of professional activities in Illinois at that time. He was assistant surgeon of the Fourth Iowa Cavalry in the Civil war and after the close of hostilities, was given charge of a hospital in Macon, Georgia. He then returned to Hopkinton and resumed the practice, becoming very successful.

The foregoing is not by any means a complete account of the valiant men of intellect, learning in their chosen field of endeavor, and expertness, who had the hardihood to leave comfortable homes in the East and brave the unknown, sparsely settled prairie villages of Delaware County. There were others who came here and got a foothold within the confidence of the people and made a living, precarious at first, but always having a moiety of hopefulness for the future. There were men of character and high standing who remained but a short time and then sought other fields for the exercise of their talents. Some made the county their permanent home, locating in the various towns, raising families and accumulating a greater or less share of this world's goods. But the names not mentioned of these worthy men of the healing art have not been obtainable. That accounts for the absence of them in this chapter.

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