cers were fastened upon Lincoln; and a personage riding down the lines cheered by the soldiers was a very unusual thing, so that the enemy must have known that he was there.

"Both Mr. Fox and myself said to him, "Let us not ride on the side next to the enemy, Mr. President. You are in fair rifle-shot of them, and they may open fire; and they must know you, being the only person not in uniform, and the cheering of the troops directs their attention to you."

"Oh, no,' he said laughing, 'the commander-in-chief of the army must not show any cowardice in the presence of his soldiers, whatever he may feel.'

"And he insisted upon riding the whole six miles, which was about the length of my intrenchments, in that position, amusing himself at intervals, when there was nothing more attractive, in a sort of competitive examination of the commanding-general in the science of engineering. This greatly amused my engineer-in-chief, General Weitzel, who rode on my left, and who was kindly disposed to prompt me while the examination was going on. This attracted the attention of Mr. Lincoln, who said, 'Hold on, Weitzel, I can't beat you, but I think I can beat Butler.'

"I give this incident to show his utter unconcern under circumstances of very great peril, which kept the rest of us in a continued and quite painful anxiety. When we reached the left of the line we turned off toward the hospitals, which were quite extensive and kept in most admirable order by my medical director, Surgeon McCor

mack. The President passed through all the wards, stopping and speaking very kindly to some of the poor fellows as they lay on their cots, and occasionally administering a few words of commendation to the ward master. Sometimes when reaching a patient who showed much suffering the President's eyes would glisten with tears. The effect of his presence upon these sick men was wonderful, and his visit did great good, for there was no medicine which was equal to the cheerfulness which his visit so largely inspired."

ERECTION OF THE LINCOLN MONUMENT AT SPRINGFIELL.

The movement for the erection of a national Lincoln monument was begun immediately after the assassination of President Lincoln, but it was not until Oct. 15, 1874, that the Springfield memorial was dedicated, that city being chosen because it was Lincoln's home when he was elected to the Presidency. The monument stands in the middle of six acres of high ground in Oak Ridge cemetery. It is of massive proportions, of bronze and granite, and was designed by Larkin G. Mead, Jr., an American artist. Thirty-one artists of national repute competed for the design, among them being Leonard Volk, Harriet Hosmer, and Vinnie Ream. Some of the designs submitted would have cost $5,000,000, but all were adjudged as being of artistic merit, and it was only after considerable difficulty in making a choice that the design submitted by Larkin G. Mead of Brattleboro, Vt., was accepted. Whatever may be said in criticism, it cannot be denied that the Lincoln monument is an im

posing structure. It consists of a central granite shaft, or obelisk, rising from a massive, square base to a height of ninety-eight feet. Allegorical figures in bronze crown the four corners of the pedestal. A bronze statue of Lincoln standing in relief against the shining granite forms the central figure of the groups of statuary. The monument is located on probably the highest ground in Springfield, overlooking the capital and wide stretches of Illinois prairie. The statue of Lincoln had been commended as one of the most natural and lifelike representations of the martyred President. He is represented in the attitude of making a public address, grasping the emancipation proclamation in one hand. He stoops a little, he is angular, his cheeks are thin, his forehead deeply wrinkled. Old Illinoisans who had known Lincoln from his boyhood pronounced it an excellent likeness. The front of the pedestal on which the statue rests, bears the coat of arms of the United States in bronze. The American eagle on the shield is represented as having broken the chain of slavery, some of the links being grasped in his talons, and the rest held aloft in his beak. An olive branch, spurned, is thrust aside at his feet.

Memorial hall, in the base of the monument, is filled with various Lincoln relics and souvenirs. One of the most interesting of these is a stone from the wall of Servius Tullius, presented to President Lincoln by citizens of Rome in 1865. It is a large, irregular slab of sandstone, on which is carved the following inscription in Latin:

"To Abraham Lincoln, President for the second time of the American republic, citizens of Rome present this stone from the walls of Servius Tullius, by which the memory of each of those brave asserters of liberty may be associated. Anno, 1865."

After Lincoln's death this stone was found in the basement of the capital at Washington. It is supposed that the President, not caring to have a furore raised over the incident, had ordered the stone stored away without saying anything about receiving it. The body of Lincoln was removed to the crypt in the monument from a temporary tomb in the public vault Oct. 9, 1874. The marble sarcophagus bears the inscription: "With malice toward none, with charity for all.-Lincoln." The bodies of Mrs. Lincoln and the three sons, William, Edward, and Thomas (Thad), have also been placed in the monument. Two crypts are left for the two remaining members of the family.

The national Lincoln monument was built by popular subscription. Ex-Governor Richard J. Oglesby was the president of the association which had the matter in charge. Contributions toward the monument fund came from every city and state in the Union and from every country in the world.

LINCOLN'S SADNESS.

The Honorable Schuyler Colfax, in his funeral oration at Chicago, said of him:—

"He bore the nation's perils, and trials, and sorrows, ever on his mind. You know him, in a large degree, by