resistance, he succeeded in burning the buildings and supplies of material, and set out on his return. He was fiercely followed by Hampton, who harassed his rear. Gregg's dispositions were skilful. His second brigade brought up the rear, and held the enemy in check; and when hard pressed, the first brigade relieved it, the second marching past it. The first was in turn relieved by the third; and thus he returned to the army.

COMPARATIVE REST.

From this time, the operations of the armies of the Potomac and the James were principally of a defensive character. The lines were strengthened, and busy preparations were made for the spring campaign, designed and destined to be the final one. On the 28th of November, General Hancock was commissioned to recruit, as rapidly as possible, a new corps, to be called the First Corps; and General Humphreys, who had been General Meade's chief of staff, was promoted to the command of the Second, which he exercised with signal ability during the remainder of the war.

Notwithstanding the vague threats of the rebel journals, that Lee was contemplating some grand movement, General Grant now permitted many officers to go on furlough for Christmas holidays. Nor were the festivities of the season forgotten in camp. Luxuries were sent down to the soldiers by loving friends and admiring countrymen at the North; and that Christmas in camp will long be remembered with pleasure by the soldiers.

It is proper now to take advantage of this pause, to place on record what had been done by the Army of the Potomac, after a campaign unparalleled in the annals of war, ancient or modern. The want of proper documents alone prevents our giving similar statements with regard to the Army of the James, a lack which we sincerely regret.

Tabular Statement of Casualties in the Army of the Potomac, from May 5, 1864, to

Statement showing the Number of Colors captured from the Enemy, during the Operations of the Army of the Potomac, from May 4, 1864, to November 1, 1864.

NOTE. The foregoing statement is made up of the reports of captured colors that had been received at this time.

Two divisions of the Cavalry Corps and the Sixth Corps having been transferred from the Army of the Potomac, it is not certainly known that all the colors captured by these troops, prior to their transfer, are here reported.

Statement showing the Number of Prisoners captured by the Army of the Potomac, during the Operations from May 4, 1864, to November 1, 1864.

NOTE.-The tabular statements here made are taken from unpublished ma

terial, kindly furnished me by a staff-officer of General Grant.

Statement showing the Number of Guns captured from the Enemy, also the Number of Guns lost, during the Operations of the Army of the Potomac, from May 4, 1864, to November 1, 1864. Thirty-two guns were captured, and twenty-five guns lost, as follows:

While thus we leave the armies around the rebel capital in winter-quarters, and Grant in his little wooden hut at City Point, it becomes necessary to cast a glance around the horizon, and note the work which was done, and which was to be done, elsewhere. In the biography of any other general, this would be only an incidental mention; but it must be remembered, that although Grant had his headquarters with the Army of the Potomac, he had the entire control of all the armies in the field, and his plans were formed with reference to the combined movements of all the armies.

CHAPTER XXXVII.

OTHER PARTS OF THE GREAT THEATRE.

SHERMAN.-HOOD MOVES INTO TENNESSEE.-GENERAL THOMAS.-GENERAL HOOD.MOBILE.-PRICE INVADES MISSOURI.-To WYTHEVILLE AND SALTVILLE.

SHERMAN.

It is not within our scope to give a detailed account of the doings of this illustrious general. They constitute a special theme, and are elsewhere written. We shall only present the outline.

Moving from Chattanooga, with the three armies of the Cumberland, the Tennessee, and the Ohio (commanded, respectively, by Generals Thomas, McPherson, and Schofield), he marched upon Johnston at Dalton; and when that commander fell back upon the strong position of Buzzard's Roost, Sherman, moving forward with Thomas and Schofield in front, turned the position by sending McPherson to Snake Gap. Johnston fell back to Resaca; and after a desperate battle there, retreated to Cassville, and across the Etowah River. After a rest, Sherman moved to Dallas, and thus turned the Alatoona Pass. After several fierce battles near New Hope Church, in the neighborhood of Dallas, Johnston retreated to Kenesaw, Pine Hill, and Lost mountains, where he strongly intrenched himself. Once more Sherman moved by the right flank; and Johnston crossed the Chattahoochee, eventually

falling back upon Atlanta. Here, dissatisfied with the tactics of Johnston, the rebel authorities relieved him, and placed Hood in command. At this point, a furious battle ensued, in which General McPherson was killed, and his army temporarily commanded by General Logan, until Howard was assigned to the command.

But Hood's fierceness met no better fate than Johnston's retreating tactics. Sherman makes a flank movement by the right, on the Montgomery and Macon Railroad, and Hood has no alternative but to retire from Atlanta, which was at once occupied by General Slocum, with the Twentieth Corps, on the 2d of September. Sherman spends some time in refitting at Atlanta, and preparing for a new move, while the enemy, seemingly now purposeless, moves round to the north to cut the communications, which Sherman was preparing to abandon.

Amazed at Hood's folly in leaving the south utterly defenceless, Sherman did not waste much time in following and driving his army before him; but, making his arrangements to leave Thomas to protect Tennessee and take Hood in charge, he sets out on that magnificent march southward, which has no parallel in our history. Detaching the Fourth Corps, under Stanley, and the Twenty-third, under Schofield, to Thomas, he begins his movement on Savannah on the 14th of November, threatening Augusta and Macon as he advances, and finding no enemy to oppose him in that "grand gallop through Georgia." Never had the people so lost their confidence in the Confederate government as now. Their ry of agony was fierce and bitter. Passing around the City of Savannah, he stormed Fort McAllister, while Beauregard and Hardee were only too glad to escape with the garrison of the city.

Leaving the thread of Sherman's movements for future consideration, let us now look at Hood.