180 26 Crillon (1541-1615): a celebrated French general, also called 182 15 righteous and honorable resistance: of Phillips's plea for nihil- 183 14 Lieber (1800-1872): a German-American publicist. 184 10 Macchiavelli (1469–1527): a celebrated Italian statesman and 185 24 Beckford (1759-1844): an English man of letters, connoisseur, humorist. THE PUBLIC DUTY OF EDUCATED MEN. CURTIS Bibliography. Curtis's orations, lectures, and speeches have been Chronology of More Notable Orations and Lectures. 1856— The Duty - This oration is so clear and simple in its plan and development that the student may easily and profitably write an outline of it, employing the usual threefold division of Introduction, Discussion, Conclusion. On analysis, it will be found that the thought as a whole revolves around two main propositions: (1) An active interest and practical participation in politics is the duty of educated men; (2) in the performance of this duty, party loyalty should be made subservient to conscience and patriotism. Having narrowed his general subject to a more definite one, Curtis develops his theme by a varied repetition and reënforcement of the two foregoing propositions. He does not deal in "glittering generalities," but in clear, plain specifications. He evidently did not consider that a scholarly address is measured by the number of ideas suggested, but rather by one or two central ideas lodged in the minds of the hearers. The logical development of the theme, the natural and easy transitions, the paragraph and sentence structure, the pure and forceful diction, and the distinctively oratorical qualities of recapitulation, direct address, figures of speech, and climaxes, will of course be seen and appreciated more fully than could be pointed out in these notes. 1922 the music of these younger voices: what characteristic of a good Introduction? Point out other instances in the first two paragraphs. 194 11 venerated teacher: Dr. Tayler Lewis, for thirty-eight years Professor of Greek at Union College. He died a short time prior to the delivery of this oration. The "clear voice of patriotic warning" refers to his work, States Rights a Photograph of the Ruins of Ancient Greece, published in 1864. 195 3 By the words “public duty," etc.: note the method of reaching a definition, negation and antithesis, linked to the theme of the discourse as a whole. 1964 Jeremy Diddler: a character in Kenney's farce, Raising the Wind. He is a clever vagabond and artful swindler. — Dick Turpin : a notorious English highwayman, executed in 1739.-9 Jonathan Wild : an English robber and receiver of stolen goods, hanged in 1725. The allusion is to William M. Tweed who, as head of the "Tweed Ring," robbed New York City of millions of dollars. He was arrested in 1871, tried, and convicted. He died in Ludlow Street jail in 1878. 197 27 Agamemnon: in Greek legendary history, the king of Mycena, the most powerful ruler in Greece. Homer calls him "the king of men." 198 26 Faneuil Hall: see 184 13, note. 201 3, 7 a rat and a renegade . . . a popinjay and a visionary fool: what power over words is shown in these expressions?-33 Golden Age: this same idea is amplified in the Concord oration. 2027 Jacobins: a society of French revolutionists organized in 1789, and so-called from the Jacobin convent in Paris, in which they met. The violent members, led by Robespierre and Marat, eventually gained control, and the club supported them in measures that led to the Reign of Terror. -24 Castor and Pollux: in Greek and Roman mythology, twin brothers who were placed in the heavens as a constellation called the Gemini, or Twins. 203 30 The ordeal of last winter: the contested presidential election of 1876, when Hayes was finally declared elected by a Commission created by an act of Congress. The gravity of the situation is not exaggerated by Curtis. On December 22, 1876, he made a speech on "The Puritan Principle: Liberty under the Law," at the annual dinner of the New England Society, New York, advocating a non-partisan settlement of the dispute. In this speech, says Edward Everett Hale, who was present, "Curtis spoke the word which was most needed to save the country from terrible calamity." 205 13 Captain Kidd: a notorious pirate who was hanged in London in 1701.-21 nasty: what is gained by the repetition of this word? 207 22 every sign encourages and inspires: why is a forward-looking Conclusion appropriate? 208 10 Such was the folly, etc.: note how the antithesis is maintained. 209 13 Bolingbroke (1678-1751): an English statesman and political writer. He wrote, among other things, Idea of a Patriot King.— 14 patriot president: note how skillfully a general summary and an appeal are combined; the "patriot president" is confronted with the same problems, and to him is ascribed the same virtues, that Curtis has throughout the oration expounded and urged. THE RACE PROBLEM IN THE SOUTH-GRADY Bibliography. Two collections of Grady's works have been published. The better, though incomplete, edition is edited by Joel Chandler Harris: Henry W. Grady, His Life, Writings, and Speeches (1890). Another edition is the Life and Labors of Henry W. Grady. Four of his orations have been edited by Edna H. L. Turpin, in Maynard's English Classics Series. Articles on Grady by his associate editor on the Constitution, Mr. Clark Howell, will be found in the Chautauquan, XXI, 703, and in the Arena, II, 9. For other magazine articles, consult Poole's Index. Chronology of Published Speeches and Orations. 1886 - The New South. 1887-The South and Her Problems; The "Solid South"; Prohibition in Atlanta. 1889-Against Centralization; The Farmer and the Cities; The Race Problem in the South; Speech before the Bay State Club, Boston. 215 8 Happy am I that this mission, etc.: note the skillful transition. -28 I spoke some words, etc.: the speech on the "New South," referred to in the Introduction to the speech in this volume. 216 16 the fairest and richest domain of this earth, etc.: Mr. Marion J. Verdrey says, “Grady could invest the most trifling thing with proportions of importance not at all its own. He could transform a homely thought into an expression of beauty beneath his wondrous touch." Find examples here and elsewhere in this speech. 217 14 El Dorado: a fabulous region of South America, abounding in gold and gems. By extension, any country rich in natural resources. 2211 The President: Benjamin Harrison. -22 enormous crop: the cotton crop of 1905 was over 12,000,000 bales. 224 15 Regulators: members of unauthorized associations formed for carrying out a rough substitute for justice in the case of heinous or notorious crimes. 227 23 "forty acres and a mule ": at the close of the war the negro vote was solicited by the "carpet-baggers," who quoted Lincoln as say. ing that if the Republican party were kept in power, each negro should have "forty acres and a mule." 228 9 as Elisha rose, etc. : 2 Kings ii. 9-12.—24 force bills: the semimilitary government during the Reconstruction period. A proposed "Federal election law" was pending before Congress at the time this speech was delivered. This "Force Bill" provided that Federal troops might be used to prevent the intimidation of negroes at the polls. The bill was so palpably a partisan measure that the opposition to it was largely responsible for the election of Mr. Cleveland as President for a second term. 231 15 Cyrenian: Luke xxiii. 26. — 18 "And suddenly Ethiopia," etc.: Psalms lxviii. 31. 232 1 Hamilcar: the famous Carthaginian general (third century B.C.) who made his young son Hannibal swear eternal hostility to Rome. Queries. Is this speech logical as a whole? Considered as an argument, what is the main issue? Is any solution of the race problem offered? Is the speech, as a whole, primarily an argument or a plea? THE PURITAN AND THE CAVALIER-WATTERSON Mr. Watterson's publications are mentioned in the Introduction. One or two magazine articles on phases of his life and work will be found cited in Poole's Index. Chronology of Principal Addresses. 1870 - Eulogy of George Dennison Prentice. 1873 - The American Newspaper. 1874 — A Plea for Provincialism. 1877- The South in Light and Shade (a lecture); The Nation's Dead; The Electoral Commission Bill. 1883- The New South. 1888- Money and Morals (a lecture). 1891 Let Us have Peace. 1892- Our Expanding Republic (at the World's Fair, Chicago). 1894-Compromises of Life (a lecture). 1895- Abraham Lincoln (a lecture); a Welcome to the Grand Army. 1896— England and America. 1897 The Puritan and the Cavalier. 1898- The Reunited Sections; Eulogy of Francis Scott Key. 1899 — God's Promise Redeemed. 1901 - The Man in Gray; Reciprocity and Expansion. 1902 - Eulogy of John Paul Jones; Heroes in Homespun. 1903 - The Hampton Roads Conference; The Ideal in Public Life; Blood Thicker than Water. 1906 — Speech of Welcome, Old Home Week, at Louisville, Kentucky. 237 1 Eleven years ago. . . a young Georgian, etc.: Grady in his "New South" speech, 1886.-31 ate no fire in the green leaf, etc.: compare Luke xxiii. 31. 238 4 "A plague o' both your houses ": Romeo and Juliet, III, 1. 239 13 The ambassador: James B. Eustis, of Louisiana. - 20 Custer: a Union officer in the Civil War; Rupert: fought in the English Civil War against Cromwell.-26 Ethan Allen... John Stark... Wayne...Putnam... Buffalo Bill: all from the North, but possessing Cavalier characteristics. 240 5 Scarlet Woman: a common designation of the Church of Rome, symbolizing its vices and corruption. —mailed hand : military rule. -21 Cavalier sprays and Puritan branches: on his father's side, Lincoln was descended from a Quaker family, of English origin, residing in the middle of the eighteenth century in Berks County, Pennsylvania. His mother, Nancy Hanks, belonged to a Virginia family. -34 this noble city . . . redeemed from bondage: the anti-Tammany rule of Mayor Low. 241 4 Smithfield: formerly a recreation ground in London, north of St. Paul's. It was noted in the time of Queen Mary as the place for burning heretics at the stake. -9 Hester Prynne: the principal character of Hawthorne's Scarlet Letter. -13 Endicott: governor of Massachusetts Colony 1649-1665; a zealous Puritan and persecutor of the Quakers, four of whom were executed under his administration. — 14 Winthrop predecessor of Endicott as governor of Massachusetts. He opposed Vane, Anne Hutchinson, and the Antinomians. (See 160 8 and 162 29, notes.)-27 Cotton Mather (1663-1728): took an active part in the persecutions for witchcraft. EULOGY OF ROBERT E. LEE - DANIEL Mr. Daniel's speeches and orations have not as yet been put into permanent form. The occasion of the oration in this volume, with a historical sketch of the Lee Memorial Association, is described in a pamphlet published by Washington and Lee University, 1883. |