 | Michael Mann - Political Science - 1986 - 842 pages
...a three-phase evolution toward fuller citizenship. The first involved legal or "civil" citizenship: "rights necessary for individual freedom - liberty...conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice." British civil citizenship was obtained through a "long eighteenth century," from 1688 until Catholic... | |
 | Geoffrey Hawthorn - Political Science - 1987 - 332 pages
...Social Class. In this book, Marshall argued that the extension, first, of elementary civil rights, 'liberty of the person, freedom of speech, thought...conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice', second, of political rights, and third, of social rights, sometimes formal, sometimes not, rights to... | |
 | Reinhard Bendix - Social Science - 386 pages
...and social rights. Civil rights refer to the principal concerns of the French revolution: liberty of person, freedom of speech, thought and faith, the right to own property and conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice. Political rights involve the franchise and an access... | |
 | Marlis Buchmann - Education - 1989 - 276 pages
...bureaucratic action." 4. Civil rights are a prerequisite for individual freedom. They comprise the liberty of the person; freedom of speech, thought,...and faith; the right to own property and to conclude contracts; and the right to justice (Marshall, 1964). They are very important for the establishment... | |
 | David Held, John Brookshire Thompson, John B. Thompson - Social Science - 1989 - 324 pages
...Terminological note: By civil rights Marshall meant 'rights necessary for individual freedom', including liberty of the person, freedom of speech, thought and faith, the right to own property and enter into contracts and the right to be treated equally with others before the law. Political rights... | |
 | Civics, East Indian - 1990 - 188 pages
...Marshall's remarks on these elements of citizenship are illuminating : The Civil Element [of citizenship] is composed of the rights necessary for individual...own property, and to conclude valid contracts and to justice. The last is of a different order from the others, because it is the right to defend and... | |
 | Morris Janowitz - Social Science - 1991 - 333 pages
...extensive space to the topic; to the contrary, of the more than 3. Marshall uses the following definitions: "The civil element is composed of the rights necessary...conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice." For political rights, he states, "By the political element I mean the right to participate in the exercise... | |
 | William Kaplan - Political Science - 1993 - 412 pages
...evolution of citizenship — "civil, political and social."42 The first concerned the achievement of "individual freedom — liberty of the person, freedom...property and to conclude valid contracts and the right to justice."43 The "political element" meant "the right to participate in the exercise of political power,... | |
 | Jeremy Waldron - Philosophy - 1993 - 500 pages
...rights, rights concerning individual freedom which are associated with the sphere of civil society: "liberty of the person, freedom of speech, thought...and to conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice."13 Civil rights are associated principally with the institutions of the legal system, such... | |
 | Bryan S. Turner, Peter Hamilton - Citizenship - 1994 - 484 pages
...generation ago by TH Marshall, the concept of citizenship was analytically divided into three parts: The civil element is composed of the rights necessary...conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice .... By the political element I mean the right to participate in the exercise of political power, as... | |
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The civil element is composed of the rights necessary for individual freedom— liberty of the person, freedom of speech, thought, and faith, the right to own property and to conclude valid contracts, and the right to justice... 
