BEGINNING OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT AT QUEBEC.

On May 7, 1613, Champlain arrived at Quebec after an absence of twentyone months, and the following summer was spent in exploring the Ottawa. On August 8 he again sailed for France, where the following two years were spent with his wife and in at

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four Recollect missionaries and on May 26, 1615, again landed in Canada, where the presence of the Fathers preserved the colony from sinking into barbarism. Champlain determined to accompany a great force of Algonquins and Hurons for the pur

Champlain's Attack on Indian Fort in Western New York.
From the original in Champlain's Nouvelle France.

tending to the affairs of the company
with which he was associated. At this
time also he took the first steps to-
ward converting Quebec into a settled
community by making provision for
religious instruction and civil admin-
istration. He secured the services of

pose of invading the Iroquois country. The Indians departed upon their march before Champlain was prepared, but he soon followed with some Indians and Frenchmen. He

*

Douglas, pp. 110-118; Miles, Canada, p. 46 et seq.