Starting back horror-struck, she held up there," turning and pointing to the south: her hands and exclaimed to the guard: "and there," pointing to the west; "and "Dear me! I can't go under that dread-there again," pointing to the north: "You ful Lincoln flag. Is there no other way for cannot possibly go amiss."

When asked an explanation of this singular direction, he said, not having the fear of Rhett, Pickens, Magrath & Co., before his eyes:

"The whole State is a lunatic asylum, and the people are all lunatics."

When prayers were offered in the Charleston churches for "President Davis," Judge Pettigru took his hat and left the place of worship where such jargon sounds fell upon his ear. It seems almost impossible that such a noble-minded man could have been a fellow townsman and walked the same streets with that "architect of ruin," Colonel Rhett, who so boldly boasted of having "fired the Southern

The late Judge Pettigru, of Charleston,
South Carolina, stood, solitary and alone, heart."
among his peers in that treasonable city,

for his undisguised and persistent anti- National Oath of Allegiance according to
secessionism, facing with an unblenching

Southern Honor.

There is no doubt that much false swearing was "done" under the feint of loyalty, in order to serve ulterior ends, by citizens of the States in rebellion, and many likewise took the oath under avowed compulsion. The following will serve as an illustration of the circumstances under which many in Louisiana attested their "loyalty." A young man, well known in New Orleans, was anxious to send down some goods on a boat from Memphis. He applied to the... Provost Marshal there for a permit, and the following form was gone through with as preliminary: "Are you a loyal citizen?" "No, sir." "You must take the oath of "Very well, Sir." (Takes eye the social and political tide of antago it without sugar.) "There, you have taken nism which rolled against him in his ven- the oath. Do you know what that means?" erable years and whitened locks. A person Perfectly. It means a padlock on my

Col. Rhett.

allegiance."

66

meeting him in the street one day, accosted mouth, and a bayonet in my rear." Aim, and said:

de lune -Certag.

-There it

atic asylum?"

S

Shaky Abutments.

President Lincoln's repeated reference

ainly," answered Mr. Pettigru: to the irreconcilable antagonism between rak is," pointing to the east; "and the demands of the south and the spirit

of the Constitution is well known. On a headed by a desperate leader, were sent certain occasion he illustrated this antago- to take him by force. He still refused to nism by an anecdote not less apt than heed their demands, when the leader of amusing. "I once knew," said Mr. Lin- the party struck him a blow upon the head coln, "a good sound churchman, whom we with a cane, producing an ugly wound, will call Brown, who was on a committee from which the blood flowed freely. The to erect a bridge over a very rapid and doctor deliberately drew a knife, telling his dangerous river. Architect after architect assailant he intended to kill him, and profailed, and, at last, Brown said he had a ceeded to execute his threat by cutting the friend named Jones, who had built several fellow until he died. Dr. R. soon found bridges, and could build this. Let us himself with twelve Confederate indicthave him in,' said the committee. In came ments pending against him, for murder, Jones. Can you build this bridge, Sir?' horse stealing, treason, and almost all the 'Yes,' replied Jones, I could build a bridge crimes known to the law. to the infernal regions, if necessary.' sober committee were horrified. But when in the southern part of Virginia, was Jones retired, Brown thought it but fair to defend his friend. 'I know Jones so well,' said he, and he is so honest a man, and so good an architect, that if he states, soberly and positively, that he can build a bridge to Hades, why, I believe it. But I have my doubts about the abutment on the infernal side.' And so it is with me. When politicians said they could harmonize the northern and southern wings of the democracy, why, I believed them. But I had my doubt about the abutment on the southern side."

The

His escape from the jail at Pittsylvania,

made partly by means of a key obtained from a two year old child and partly through the assistance of an unknown lady who procured a carriage and drove him to Lynchburg, where he remained some days and until the excitement growing out of his escape had subsided. From the time he was arrested until the time of his escape he was confined in twelve different jails, and was threatened with mob violence every time he was removed from one prison to another. In all these jails he communicated with unknown friendsUnion men, who made him proffers of Dr. Rucker-his Capture and Escape. assistance. While in Pittsylvania jail he The arrival at Fayettville, West Vir- received from different persons yarn and ginia, of Dr. Rucker, the Union refugee, aquafortis, and other means of sawing or was an exciting event in the history of cutting his way out. He was also prethat remarkable man-renowned as he sented with a pair of shoes, in the soles of had become for his persevering loyalty which he found watch springs which had under circumstances that would ordinarily been converted into saws. No more heroic cause the stoutest heart to quail. He instance of making political loyalty a point came up from Kanawha county, making of life or death can be found than this of his appearance in company with Colonel Dr. Rucker. Duval, of the Ninth West Virginia regi

ment of infantry.

Where is Your Heart P

The case of Rev. William J. Hoge, D.

He was born

Dr. Rucker resided in Covington, Virginia, and was regarded as a radical D., forms a sad page in the incidents and Union man. He was several times form- outgrowths of the rebellion. ally requested by the authorities to take in Athens, Ohio, in 1826, and was for some the oath of allegiance to the Southern years a clergyman in that State, removing Confederacy, but this he unyieldingly re- thence to Richmond, Virginia, where he fused to do. At last a squad of men, taught for several years. In 1858-9 he

was called to be colleague to the Rev. Dr. Spring, of the Brick Church, New York

Unionist.-Were you forced into the

army?

Virginian.-Wall, no, not exactly forced; I knew I would be, so I j'ined. I thought I'd feel better to go myself! Unionist.-What do you expect to gain by the rebellion?

city, which he accepted and was settled. In the midst of these labors, the rebellion burst upon the country. Dr. Hoge was not at once decided as to his course of action. His sympathies were with the South, but he hesitated as to the line of ministe- Virginian. We find our leaders have rial duty. On the 17th of July, 1861, he lied to us. Our big men, like Tyler, Wise, went to the study of Rev. Dr. Prime, Letcher, and others, wanted to get rich and at whose invitation Dr. H. originally came get into high office, and so they have got to New York, and solicited Dr. P's advice us into this mess by their lies. We have as to his duty-should he go to the South, nothing agin the old flag. All we want is or should he remain in New York? Prime had often argued the political question with him before, and vainly endeavored to convince him that secession was a crime, and would be the ruin of the South. Dr. P. therefore said to him,

Dr.

heart was

John Tyler.

"Go this week; to-day, if possible." The result of this conversation was his immediate resignation of his pastoral charge. He preached his farewell sermon on the Sabbath following, while the disas- our constitutional rights, according to the trous battle of Bull Run was in progress. instrument under which our forefathers He left for the South, and was soon heard lived. They told us that the election of Linof as settled at Charlottsville. He threw coln would deprive us of these, and we himself into the cause of the rebellion with believed them. But we now know that his accustomed zeal, but died in a short they were lies." time, in the midst of his years and of the gigantic conspiracy against a nation's life.

Questions and Replies: "Nothing agin the
Old Flag."

Unionist to a Virginian prisoner.-Are you not ashamed to fight against the Union, and the Government which has done so much for you?

Poor Tyler, in the midst of his efforts to destroy the nation over which he once presided, in the chair of state consecrated by the immortal Washington, died an outlaw and fills a traitor's grave.

Generals.

One day (says "Edmund Kirke," in his Virginian. I never fought agin the racy volume, "Down in Tennessee,") as Union, and I never will. I was sitting alone with Rosecrans, an aide

Unionist.-What were you doing at handed him a letter. He opened it, ceased Fort Donelson? doing half a dozen other things, and be

Virginian. I hugged the ground closer came at once absorbed in its contents. He nor ever I did before in my life. re-read it, and then, handing it to me, said:

Read that. Tell me what you think of of the movement may thus be general over it." I read it. Its outside indicated it the entire South."

had come from "over Jordan," and had I was re-reading the letter when the "a hard road to travel," but its inside General again said: "What do you think startled me. It was written in a round, of it?" unpracticed hand, and though badly spell

"It would end the rebellion. It taps

ed, showed its author familiar with good the great negro organization, of which I Southern English. Its date was May speak in 'Among the Pines,' and co-oper18th, 1863, and it began thus: ated with by our forces would certainly succeed, but-the South would run with blood."

"GENERAL :—A plan has been adopted for a simultaneous movement or rising to sever the rebel communications throughout the whole South, which is now disclosed to some General in each military department in the Secesh States, in order that they may act in concert, and thus in

sure us success.

ren

"Innocent blood! Women and child!"

"Yes, women and children. If you let the blacks loose, they will rush into carnage like horses into a burning barn. St. Domingo will be multiplied by a million."

"But he says no blood is to be shed except in self-defence."

"He says so, and the leaders may mean so, but they cannot restrain the rabble. Every slave has some real or fancied wrong, and he would take such a time to avenge it."

66

The plan is for the blacks to make a concerted and simultaneous rising, on the night of the first of August next, over the whole States in rebellion. To arm themselves with any and every kind of weapon that may come to hand, and commence operations by burning all railroad and county bridges, tearing up all railroad tracks, and cutting and destroying tele- go with me." graph wires, and when this is done take to the woods, the swamps, or the mountains, whence they may emerge, as occasions may offer, for provisions or for further depredations. No blood is to be shed except in self defence.

The corn will be in roasting ear about the first of August, and upon this, and by foraging on the farms at night, we can subsist. Concerted movement at the time named would be successful, and the rebellion be brought suddenly to an end.”

The letter went on with some details which I cannot repeat, and ended thus: "The plan will be simultaneous over the whole South, and yet few of all engaged will know its whole extent. Please write '1' and "approved" and send by the bearer, that we may know you are with us. Be assured, General, that a copy of this letter has been sent to every military department in the rebel States, that the time

Well, I must talk with Garfield. Come,

We crossed the street to Garfield's lodgings, and found him bolstered up in bed, quite sick with a fever. The General sat down at the foot of his bed, and handed him the letter. Garfield read it over carefully, and then laying it down, said:

"It will never do, General. We don't want to whip by such means. If the slaves, of their own accord, rise and assert their original right to themselves, that will be their own affair; but we can have no complicity with them without outraging the moral sense of the civilized world."

"I knew you'd say so; but he speaks of other department commanders-may they not come into it?"

and

"Yes, they may, and that should be looked to. Send this letter to let him head off the movement.'"

It was not thought prudent to intrust the letter to the mails; nor with the railway, infested with guerillas, was it a safe

document to carry about the person. A great act about to be consummated. The short shrift and a long rope might have whole assembly at once arose to its feet, been the consequence of its being found on a traveler. So, ripping open the top of my boot, I stowed it snugly away in the lining, and took it North. On the 4th of June following, Garfield wrote me that he had just heard from the writer of the letter; that five out of our nine department commanders had come into the project, and, subsequently, that another general had also promised it his support.

But I can say no more. All the world knows that the insurrection did not take place. The outbreaks in September, among the blacks of Georgia and Alabama, were only parts of the plan, the work of subordinate leaders, who, maddened at the miscarriage of the grand scheme, determined to carry out their own share of the programme at all hazards. It was a gigantic project, and the trains were all laid, the matches all lighted.

Ratifying the Ordinance: Startling Scene.

and, with hats off, listened to the prayer. At the close of this performance, the President advanced with the consecrated parchment upon which was inscribed the decision of the State, with the great seal attached. Slowly and solemnly it was read until the last word-' dissolved'; when men could contain themselves no longer, and a shout that shook the very building, reverberating long continued, rose up, and ceased only with the loss of breath. Such was the scene, in the midst of which

P. S. Brooks.

On the ratification of the South Carolina Ordinance of Secession, Rev. Dr. Bachman was selected by the Secession Convention to offer a prayer before them, in religious observance of the act. Dr. Bachman's name had become quite dis- no portrait could have been suspended tinguished in scientific circles, he being an with more appropriateness, than that of eminent naturalist; but he had also be- Preston S. Brooks, South Carolina's archcome even more conspicuous by his strong assassin of liberty of speech on the floor political leanings to the side of Disunion. of the United States Senate. The scene was one that partook alike of the startling and the impressive. Most of Non-Combatant-but a Tough One. the men there assembled to commit the high- Mr. Mark R. Cockrill, was an old man est and gravest act against their country, of great wealth living near Nashville, were those upon whose heads the snow of Tennessee; he was reputed to be worth sixty winters had been shed-patriarchs in two million dollars, and owned twelve age the dignitaries of the land-the high miles of land lying on the Cumberland river. priests of the Church-reverend states- It was reported to the Federal Chief of men-and the judges of the law. In the midst of deep silence an old man, with bowed form and hair as white as snow, the Rev. Dr. Bachman, advanced forward, with upraised hands, in prayer to Almighty that he was a very bitter rebel. Having God for his blessings and favor on the been ordered to appear at the office of the

Army Police, that this Mr. Cockrill had induced guerrillas to lie in wait near his place for the purpose of seizing upon and destroying Union forage trains, &c., and