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Bradley, H. H..........Virginia.....

vol13 Butler, Col. Thos..IEJ..S. Carolina...Pd. to June 1847. Caldwell, Col. P. C..IEJ..S. Carolina. Pd. to June 1847. Calhoun, J. C....IEJ......South Carolina....vol 12-13 Deberry, A. B....HML....Tennessee... ..vol 13 Ewing, John O... Virginia... ..vol 13 Edmunds, J. T..HML...Tennessee....vol 9-10-11-12-13 Euphradian Society, IEJ......S. Carolina.......vol 13 Erwin, J. J......IEJ.. North Carolina... vol 13 Fowlkes, Dr. J...... HML.. .....Tennessee....vol 13 Floyd, B. R. ...Virginia.. ..Pd. to Jan. 1848. Fitts, O. D. IEJ....North Carolina.....vol 13 Gamewell, T. W. ....HML....Tennessee... vol 12-13 Grubbs, Peter W Virginia..... vol 10-11-12-13 Goodlett, W. M....IEJ.....South Carolina.... vol 12-13 Gage, Miss Mary J..IEJ..S. Carolina..vol 9-10-11-12-13 Goudalock, D....IEJ....S. Carolina. vol 12-13 Gartrill, L. J.....IEJ.. Georgia.... vol 11.12-13 Herbermyer, G....CWJ. ..Indiana.. vol 13 Harrison, Ed. C. Virginia.......Pd. $7 50 in full. Harris, Nat....HML... Alabama........ vol 13 Herndon, B. Z....IEJ. South Carolina.....vol 13 Harrison, J. W.....IEJ....South Carolina.... vol 12-13 Irby, Col. James H....IEJ. South Carolina..vol 12-13 Jeffries, Mrs. Mary E....HML....Alabama...vol 10-11 Judge, Thos. J..... HML.... Alabama... ...vol 11

vol 13

Johnson, Hon. D....IEJ....S. Carolina.......vol 12-13
Keen, G. A..... Maryland..........vol 11-12-13
Long, J. M. & D. F..North Carolina...Pd. to Sept. 1817
Macmurdo, C. J., Jr..... Virginia.......Pd. to July 1847.
Matthews, S. H........ Tennessee..
.vol 12-13
Macdonald, Dr. A.....HML.... Alabama.........vol 13
Meade, Mrs. Ann M....
Virginia....vol 11-12-13
Mickle, J. T....IEJ...South Carolina........vol 12-13
McNutt. R. A....IEJ.... South Carolina..
Parker, Dawson C. Virginia.........vol 11-12-13
Price, Thomas R.... Virginia....
....vol 13
Payne, R. G.......HML... ...Tennessee......vol 9-10
Petrie, Rev. G. W. IEJ....Georgia.......vol 12-13
Smith, G. W.. .HML....Tennessee....vol 11-12-13
State Library. Maryland........vol 9-10-11-12-13!
Summer, Henry....IEJ.... South Carolna.....vol 12-13
Shanklin, J. V....IEJ....South Carolina....
vol 12-13
Taylor, Gen. James.....Kentucky..
....vol 13
Tutt, Lewis C.... HML.. Alabama..
vol 12-13
Trezevant, John F....HML.... Tennessee....vol 12-13
Toombs, Robert....IEJ....Georgia..
.vol 13-13
Wilkinson & Howard..... HML...Tennessee..vol 12-13
Wilson, John H....IEJ.....S. Carolina.....vol 13-13
Walker, Hon. J. B....CWJ....Ohio.. Pd. to April 1848.
Wright, Hon. J. A.... .CWJ....Indiana........ vol 12
Wooton, Dr. H. V.... HML.... Alabama....

..vel 13

WM. MACFARLANE & JOHN W. FERGUSSON,

BOOK AND JOB
AND JOB PRINTERS,

Nos. 14 & 15, Law Building: Up Stairs.

THE SOUTHERN AND WESTERN

LITERARY MESSENGER AND REVIEW.

OCTOBER, 1847.

INTRODUCTION TO THE

HISTORY OF THE COLONY AND ANCIENT DOMINION OF VIRGINIA.

In the meantime, however, at the age of tile experiment turned out more unfortunate eighteen he had married a Miss Shelton, the than the first and left him a bankrupt. Yet daughter of a poor but honest farmer in the these disappointments, aggravated by an neighborhood. Young Henry now by the joint early marriage, did not visibly depress his assistance of his father and his father-in-law, furnished with a small farm and one or two slaves, undertook to support himself by agriculture. Yet although he tilled the ground with his own hands, whether owing to his negligent and unsystematic habits, or to the sterility of the soil, after an experiment of two years he failed in this enterprise as utterly as in the former. Selling his scanty property at a sacrifice for cash, he turned again to merchandize. Still displaying the same incorrigible indifference to business, he now resumed his violin, his flute, his books, his curious inspection of human nature, and occasionally shut up his store to indulge in his favorite sports. He now studied geography and became a proficient in it; he examined the charters and history of the colony and pored over the translated annals of Greece and Rome. Livy became his favorite, and in his early life he read it at least once in every year. His second mercan

*

⚫ I incline to suspect that his alleged aversion to books in after life has been exaggerated and that he some what af fected it in compliance with the vulgar prejudice against book-learning.

VOL. XIII-73

spirit. In the winter of 1760, Thomas Jefferson then in his seventeenth year, on his way to the college of William and Mary, spent the Christmas holydays at the seat of Col. Dandridge in Hanover. Patrick Henry, Jr., now 24 years of age, being a near neighbor, young Jefferson now met with him for the first time and observed that his manners had something of coarseness in them; his passion was music, dancing and pleasantry. In the last he excelled and it attached every body to him. He displayed no uncommon calibre of intellect or extent of information; but his misfortunes were not to be traced in his countenance or in his conduct. Selfpossessed repose is the characteristic of native power. Consciousness of superior genius and a reliance upon a benignant Providence, buoyed him up in the fluctuations of an adverse fortune. Young Henry embraced the study of the law and after a short course of reading, was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1760. For three years he remained in obscurity. In the Parsons' Cause" he first emerged from the horizon and thenceforth became star of the ascendant.

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CHAPTER XXXII.

1763-1774.

Disputes between the Colonies and the Mother Country;

had contracted an enormous debt. The British officers entertained with a liberal hospitality in America, carried back to England exaggerated reports of the wealth of the colonies. The colonial governors and the British ministry had often been thwarted and The Stamp Act; Virginia opposes it; Henry's Reso- annoyed by the republican and independent lutions; His Eloquence; Congress meets at New York; and sometimes turbulent spirit of the coloIn fine, Stamp Act repealed; Speaker Robinson; Fauquier suc- nies, and longed to see it curbed. ceeded by Blair; Baptists in Virginia; Act to levy duties the British administration was in the hands in America resisted; Botetourt Governor; Affairs during of a corrupt and grasping oligarchy, and the his Administration; Succeeded by President Nelson; minister determined to lessen the burdens Great Fresh in 1771; Dunmore Governor; Resistance at home by levying a direct tax from the colto duty on Tea; Proceedings in Virginia; Congress meets onies. The loyalty of the Americans had at Philadelphia; Dunmore's Indian War; The Battle of never been warmer than at the close of the Point Pleasant; Logan. war. They had expended their treasure and The successful termination of the war of their blood freely and the recollection of mu1755 paved the way for American indepen- tual sufferings and a common glory strengthdence. Hitherto from the first settlement of ened their attachment to the mother counthe colonies, Great Britain without seeking try. These loyal sentiments were destined a direct revenue from them, had been satis- to wither soon. The colonies too had infied with a monopoly of their trade. And volved themselves in a heavy debt. Within now when they had grown more capable of three years, from 1756 to 1759, parliament resisting impositions, the mother country had granted them a large amount of money rose in her demands. Thus [1764,] dis- to encourage their efforts; yet exclusive of putes commenced between Great Britain and that amount and of the extraordinary supthe colonies, and lasting about twelve years, plies appropriated by the colonial assemended in a disruption of the empire. This blies, a very heavy debt still remained unresult, inevitable in the natural course of liquidated. When, therefore, parliament, in events, was precipitated by the impolitic a few years after, undertook to extort money and arbitrary measures of the British gov- by a direct tax, from provinces to which she ernment. In the general loyalty of the had lately granted incomparably larger sums, colonies, new commercial restrictions, al- it was conceived that the object of the minthough involving a heavy indirect taxa- ister was not simply to raise the inconsidertion, would have been submitted to. But able amount of the tax, but to establish a the novel scheme of direct taxation-with- new and absolute system of "taxation without their consent-was reprobated as contra- out representation." It was easy to forery to their natural and chartered rights and a flame of discontent finally overspread the whole country. The recent war had inspired the provincial troops with more confidence in themselves and had rendered the After war had raged for nearly eight years, British regulars less formidable in their eyes. a general peace was concluded, by which The success of the allied arms had put an France ceded Canada, and Spain the Floriend to the dependency of the colonies upon das to Great Britain. These conquests and the mother country for protection against the culminating power and the arrogant prethe French. In several of the provinces, tensions of that proud island, excited the Germans, Dutch, Swedes and Frenchmen jealousy and the fears of Europe. In Engwere found commingled with the Anglican land a corrupt and arbitrary administration population. Great Britain by long wars ably had engendered a formidable opposition at conducted, had acquired glory and an ex- home. [1763.] The national debt had actension of empire; but in the meantime she cumulated to an enormous amount; for which

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see that it might and would be made the instrument of unlimited extortions and would extinguish the practical legislative independence of America.

an annual interest of twenty-two millions of dollars was paid. The minister proposed to

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