*PERSONAL LIBERTY LAWS" OF NORTHERN STATES. 521 disobeying the law, or imprisonment not less than of negroes and mulattoes, resident in the State prior the right to hold office, to free whites. pretend, that any free person within the State is a “ ILLINOIS.- Article 14th of the State Constitution slave, or owes service or labor, with intent forcibly reads as follows : “The General Assembly shall at to remove such person from the State; require two its first session under the amended Constitution, pass witnesses to prove a person to be a slave; depo. such laws as shall effectually prohibit free persons sitions not to be received in evidence; judgments of color from immigrating into and settling in this under Fugitive Slave Act not to be liens upon real State ; and to effectually prevent the owners of estate." Slaves from bringing them into this State for the The laws of Pennsylvania and New Jersey were purpose of setting them free.' In 1853, a law was framed before the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act passed to carry out the above provision ; Provides of 1850. They remain upon the statute book upre. that any person bringing into the State a free negro pealed, and in force, except in so far as the United or slave, shall be liable to a fine of not less than States Court has declared them in contravention of $100, nor more than $500, and to imprisonment not the law of Congress. more than one year; Proscribes the proceedings on indictment, and expressly exempts from arrest THE ALABAMA RESOLUTIONS. persons bona fide traveling through the State; makes Alabama is fairly entitled to the honor of having it a high misdemeanor for a negro or mulatto to been the first State to pronounce, officially, for come into the State with intent to reside, with a secession. In the Winter session of her Legislature, penalty of $50 ; Provides for the sale of said negro | 1859–60, the following resolutions were adopted : or mulatto for non-payment of the fine, to any one Where13, Antislavery agitation, persistently who will pay it for the shortest term of service ; continued in the non-slaveholding States of the Provides for surrender of persons, proved to be a Union for more than a third of a century, marked slave, to the owner; Defines a mulatto to be one at every stage of its progress by contempt for the has not less than one-fourth negro blood. obligations of law, and the sanctity of compacts, “ INDIANA.-Section 5, Art. 2, of the Constitution evincing a deadly hostility to the rights and instituprovides that .no negro or mulatto shall have the tions of the Southern people, and a settled purpose right of suffrage;' forbids inmigration of negroes to effect their overthrow, even by the subversion and mulattoes, and declares contracts with them of the Constitution, and at the hazard of violence void ; declares a marriage void 'when one of the and bloodshed; and whereas, a sectional party, parties is a white person, and the other possessed calling itself Republican, committed alike by its of one-eighth or more of negro blood;' forbids any own acts and antecedents, and the public avowals negro or mulatto to come into, settle in, or become and secret machinations of its leaders, to the exean inhabitant of the State; provides for a registry cution of these atrocious designs, has acquired tho OP THREE DECADES OF THE REPRESENTATIVE STRENGTH. 6 Ohio... 18 1 1 ascendency nearly every Northern State, and COMPARATIVE STATEMENT hopes, by success in the approaching Presidential election, to seize the Government itself; and 1840. 1850, 1860. NEW ENGLAND STATES : whereas, to permit such seizure, whose unmis Maine. 7 takabıe aim is to pervert its whole machinery to the New Hampshire.. 3 3 destruction of a portion of its members, would be Vermont..... 4 3 2 an act of suicidal folly and madness, almost without Massachusetts 10 11 10 a parallel in history; and whereas, the General As Rhode Island..... 1 sembly of Alabama, representing a people loyally Connecticut.. devoted to the Union of the Constitution, but scorn 4 ing the Union which fanaticism would erect upon Total.. 31 29 its ruins, deem it their solemn duty to provide, in MIDDLE STATES : advance, the means by which they may escape New York... 33 33 31 such peril and dishonor, and devise new securities New Jersey 5 5 for perpetuating the blessings of liberty to them- Pennsylvania. 24 25 23 selves and their posterity; therefore, 21 31 “1. Be it resolved, by the Senate and House of Repre Delaware. 1 1 sentatives of Alabama, in General Assembly convened, Maryland 6 That upon the happening of the contingency con Total....... 91 83 templated in the foregoing preamble-namely, the CENTRAL SLAVE STATES : election of a President advocating the principles and ac Virginia... 15 13 11 tion of the party in the Northern States calling itself the North Carolina 9 8 7 Republican party, it shall be the duty of the Governor, and Kentucky.. 10 10 he is hereby required, forthwith to issue his proclamation Tennessee. 11 10 calling upon the qualified voters of this State to assemble Missouri 5 7 on a Monday not more than forly days from the date of Arkansas 1 2 said proclamation, at the several places of voting in their respective counties, to elect delegates to a Convention of the Total....... 51 60 46 Coast PLANTING STATES : Stale, to consider, determine, and do whatever, in the South Carolina 7 6 4 opinion of said Convention, the rights, interests and honor Georgia 7 of the State of Alabama require to be done for their Florida. 0 1 1 protection. Alabaina 7 7 “ Be it further resolved, That said Convention shall Mississippi 4 6 assemble at the State Capital on the second Monday Louisiana, following said election. Texas.. 2 Provision was made for the election of County Delegates to this Convention." Total... 33 32 A bill was also passed authorizing a tax of $200,000 NORTH-WESTERN STATES : for “arming the State." The collection of this tax, Michigan.. 3 in the summer of 1860, excited much bitterness in Indiana. 10 11 some sections of the State. The citizens of Madison Illinois 7 9 13 county, for instance, met in Convention and passed Iowa.... 0 2 5 the following resolves : Wisconsin. 3 “ Resolved, That we, as freemen, abhor the Military Law Minnesota 0 0 1 passed by our Legislature, and now, in this public manner, drnounce the l'iw as unconstitutional, and subversive of our Kansas 0 1 liberties as frremen. “ Resolved, That 100 will resist this military tar by all Total........ 20 29 43 lawful means, let it be attempted to be enforced in any PACIFIC STATES : maunes or shape. “Resolved, That we recommend to all citizens and freemen California 0 S of the State of Alabama to do as we have done-take a bold and legal stand against the enforcement of the Military law. Oregon.. 0 1 " Resolved, That when our State requires our property and lives in defense of what we may consider her honor and the Total........ 0 safety of her citizens and their property, we will freely give both; but we are not willing to surrender up our property, liberty, and lives to an unconstitutional and intolerant aci 1860, Total Representation... 233 of our Legislature 8 8 6 4 30 6 0 .... FREE STATES................. 1800 California................... Counecticut.................. 251,002 4,875 151,710 211,949 New York..... 686,756 Obio.... 45,365 Oregon Pennsylvania.. 602,365 Rhode Island.. 69.122 Vermont ..... 164,465 ...2,684,616 64,273 162,101 .. 252,433 406,511 76.556 380.546 40,352 20,845 655,600 415,115 261,727 340,987 664,317 153,407 407,350 75,448 66,586 638,829 502,741 422,813 809,527 30,388 76,748 34,730 616,823 687,917 215,739 447,010 136,621 140,455 737,987 681,185 681,904 690,756 97,574 78,087 54,477 691,392 779,828 852,411 470,019 375,651 383,702 753,419 694,398 829,210 771.671 209,639 91.535 87,401 905,999 982,405 617,739 683,035 606,555 682,043 868.903 964.296 435,427 112,218 140,439 1,057,329 1,155.713 709,290 687,034 841,548 Mississippi.................. 8,850 Missouri.. North Carolina.............. 478,103 South Carolina. 345,591 Tennessee .................. 105,602 Texas Virginia. 880,200 District Columbia.. 14,093 Total ......... .2,621,316 Total........ .6,305,932 6,153 69.404 Kentucky................... 40,343 Louisiana ................... Maryland... 105,635 .................. Mississippi 8,489 Missouri.... North Carolina ..... 133,296 South Carolina.. 146,151 Tennessee................... 13,584 Texas ..... Virginia.................... 345,796 District Columbia 3,244 669,507 1,002.625 212,592 1,421,661 51,687 791,396 1,182,317 992,667 703,812 1,109,847 602,432 1,596,079 75,076 974,622 1,211;405 39,843 1,065,379 33,039 4,485,819 6,848,312 1,239,797 43,712 3,480,902 12,315,372 9,663,997 23,263,485 9,638,191 12,864,711 31,443,790 41,879 4,177 105.218 80,561 34.660 111,502 17,088 3,011 149.654 69,064 117,549 4,576 253,532 2,605 89,737 195,211 58,240 342,844 2,290 90,368 809,878 87,422 288.548 884,984 239,459 68,161 472,528 3,687 435,132 111,104 1,798 61,753 462,232 225,490 333,010 87.188 436.696 114,965 331,081 402,541 275,784 180.682 490.887 3,181 392,518 5,395 425,153 6,377 469,757 6,119 449,087 4,694 Total....... 3,953,5% 857,105 1,163,854 1,518,930 2,005,469 2,486,326 8,204,051 Population of Free States in 1790, 1,968,455; Slave States, 1,961,372; Slaves, 657,527. PAGE. ence...... PAGE 156 181 226 27-28 Buchanan and Governor Picken's Correspond. 253 66-69 | Buchanan's Letter to the Seceding Senators... 254 260 Branch Resolution... 268 269 300 ...107-111 .332, 455 342 346 367 . 425, 427, 431 429 433 237 Breckenridge, John C., Speech to the Senate. 478 Buchanan's Last Message... 491 506 249 287 324 C. 321 3 Conquest, Schemes of..... 25 Census of 1860 27-28 41 45 62 8 53 28 53 41 54 31 Congressional Proceedings..54, 74, 87, 119, 149, 176 226, 257, 295, 341, 395, 457 63-65 93 123 ..63, 343 151 Crittenden's Union Speeches. 64, 176, 475 65 348 |
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