falling in society; the pride of superior condition; and the consciousuess of political power, which are intended to be so many restraints on the principle of increase in population, are prevented from developing themselves by the slavish submission which the priests and politicians of those countries have interwoven with the character of the people. In China, there is but one power, who rules the empire, and this is by the volition of his will! The people are his slaves, and justice is renal over the whole empire; and on what side soever we turn, we see that power sought after! If the rulers and politicians of Europe, of Asia and Africa, would consider carefully the condition of the peasantry of their respective countries, and that they are beings of their own color and of their own origin, and that their efforts in favor of each respective class are fully needed at home, how much good and happiness might be distributed in their own countries, and to the tiresides of those who would advance comparatively and remarkably in the scale of utility and intelligence! In America we want population, and we want it of two kinds, free and slave, the one to take the place of the other in the march of improvements, and the acquisition of territory to the South-west and South, the natural home of the negro.

The Constitution of the United States of North America compared with those of other countries, and the ruling characteristics of mankind, Americans may be justly proud to contemplate, and also the individual importance which each one enjoys in the interests of the Government, for no one is superior, not

even an official! For if an official of any rank whatsoever deviates in any particular from the oath of his office, which is based on the Constitution, he commits blasphemy and perjury, and rebels against the organic law of the land, which gives tone and character to legislation. Such an official has no apology to offer to the insulted people in breaking their organic law, that is made for the safety of all against tyranny and oppression; for the people are ever ready, as occasions might require it, to meet, deliberate, and give a new or an amended organic law, suitable to the interests and security of all concerned. These principles find their seat in common sense, and in a desire of doing to others as we would have such do unto us, in like conditions and circumstances. An official

We

is a servant of the people, and nothing more. are created free and equal by the laws of our nature; and by the peculiar organization of the white race on the continent of America, we, the white race, feel that our powers and influence in bettering the condition of the human family must not only be felt at home, in the grandeur of our march towards reducing the colored races to civilization and enlightenment, in making them useful in developing the hidden bounties of nature in the woody and swampy wilds of the temperate and torrid zones of this continent; but that we must, by fostering liberal institutions of learning, and offering a home for the oppressed, though not equality, where color is of a different hue from the white race, humanize those governments, whose sordid ends are to debase those of the same color and origin, as in Europe!

Under the Constitution, we have passed through many trials to test the tempers, the concessions, the spirit and character of the American people. We were convulsed and threatened with civil war in 1794 in the western part of Pennsylvania, though its duration was short. The tempers of the people were excited in 1798 at the passing of the Alien and Sedition bill. We scorned the New Englanders in 1814, when they had the Hartford Convention in contemplation, to divide our country into fragments. Our ears and hearts were pained by every day's report of the proceedings in Congress in the years 1820, 1821, 1832, 1833, 1850 and 1854. But of late, the years 1860, 1861 and 1862, have brought with them gloom and sorrow, too deep to be passed over in silence. the dominaning spill of Hovery ha

The mighty fabric which was reared by the patriots of a past age is now being rent in twain, like the fair constitutions of our sister Republics to the Southwest! Surely they seceded from Spain, and declared to the world their independence, between the years 1810 and 1821, during which interval they had a severe and sanguinary struggle for their liberties; but alas! what are they? More than forty years have passed away since that period, and civil war has, for the most part, prevailed, with now and then a period of peace for a few years; though possessing the richest and most exuberant soils and the most salubrious climate upon their table lands known to man! Like these, we are discontent to be prosperous and happy, but in becoming jealous and envious of each other in the North and South, East and West,

we are the better able to tear down the pillars of State, slay each other like brutes, and then boast of our love for our country and countrymen, instead of ever having held to the golden rule, "Do unto thy neighbor as thou wouldst, that thy neighbor should do unto thee, in like circumstances and conditions." Holding to this principle of moral teachings, we should have had no civil war, nor all the evils which are now ensuing, with the manifold calamities and death scenes, which blacken the American character! Our Constitution is a wise one; and in order to live fully up to its spirit and interpretation, as it was formed by our forefathers, we should transport ourselves back, over the ocean of time and of blood, since its formation, to be inspired with fresh devotion, by reading the deliberations of the convention that formed it, and placing ourselves in the positions of those fathers, whose magnanimous and generous concessions gave this constitution birth, the paladium of our liberties! We shall never be at peace, till we return to the Golden Rule, for blind fanaticism both South and North must fall to earth, moldering, to renew and invigorate a coming generation, with evenals.. tempers and a proper spirit of concession! Concession!

It is said we know a tree by the fruit it produces, meaning its quality, and it is so with parties in Governments. In Revolutions, it might be well that one party should be denominated strictly Constitutional; acting under this name, and contending for measures to be carried out, according to the letter and spirit of the Constitution as it reads, and according to the prior usages and judicial decisions which have been decided

in the last resort. For one party to say that it is Democratic, Republican, Secession, Abolition, or Union, we are at a loss to know at this time, what it means by such ambiguous terms, and can gain no clue to the real intent and purpose of such a party, only as their actions are made known, and as they agree or disagree with the Constitution, which is a whole, not part of a machine for government. Consequently, no part of this document can be laid aside, without subverting the designs for which it was created; all of its parts are active for good in the same manner as all the constituent parts of the earth are operative for good; consequently we can detract none, without incurring the high displeasure of their creators, for each part was made for a beneficent end. Hence, under the guise of any of these names of parties, except Constitutional,' men act and pretend that they act correctly. Neither a Secessionist nor an Abolitionist is a 'Constitutional man,' for the former subverts that organic law, while the latter omits two essential parts of the compact, as to representation in Congress on the apportionment clause, and the rendition of persons, fugitive from labor or service. If the latter man should say that he was a 'Constitutional man,' we should know that he was false in his devotion, and so with the former, for both are in opposition to the organic order of its creation, which common sense imparts to the most casual observer.

Upon this principle of reasoning, and adhering to the letter and spirit of the Constitution, how would a secession candidate for the office of United States' Representative or Senator be met and treated in any