States.

was not so, in a technical sense of the word, she | still ample, and with a choice of modes for settling was in the full sense of it, applicable to such an that dispute, without any sacrifice of the honor or occasion. She bore at her stern the flag of the interests of either the United States or Great nation, sailed forth under the protection of the na-Britain." This opinion from one sustaining the tion, and was to be identified with the rights of the nation. The extent of interior country attaching relation that Mr. Rush does to the present administo this discovery, was founded, I said, upon a prin- tration, and having enjoyed such opportunities of ciple at once reasonable and moderate. examining and knowing, is entitled to great weight. As to any claim on the part of Britain under the At the same time, Mr. Rush does not doubt the voyage of Captain Cook, I remarked that this was sufficiently superseded (passing by every thing validity or superiority of the title of the United else) by the journal of the Spanish expedition from San Blas, in 1775, kept by Don Antonio MauWe strongly incline to the opinion, that our Govrelle, for an account of which, I referred the Brit-ernment should have had as little to do with Oregon, ish Plenipotentiaries to the work of Daines Bar- at present, as possible. Let alone, it will occupy rington, a British author. In that expedition, con- and settle itself; and then it will almost of neces sisting of a frigate and schooner, fitted out by the Viceroy of Mexico, the North West Coast was sity come under our Jurisdiction. visited in latitude 45, 47, 49, 53, 55, 56, 57, and would only be a burden upon us. 58, not one of which points there was good reason On the 27th of April, 1825, Mr. Rush had his for believing, had ever been explored, or as much audience of leave of the King, and soon after reas seen, up to that day, by any navigator of Great turned home. The work is published in a charmBritain. There was too, I said, the voyage of Juan Peres, prior to 1775; that of Aguilar in 1601, ing style, tempting every beholder to its perusal. who explored that coast in latitude 45; that of de Fuca in 1595, who explored it in latitude 48, giving the name, which they still bore, to the straits in that latitude, without going through a much longer list of other early Spanish navigators in that sea, whose discoveries were confessedly of a nature to

Until then, it

put out of view those of all other nations. I fin- THE WAREHOUSING SYSTEM.

AMERICUS SOUTH TO HARRY BLUFF.

ished by saying, that, in the opinion of my Government, the title of the United States to the whole of that coast, from latitude 42 to as far North as latitude 60, was, therefore, superior to that of My Dear Harry.-Our mutual friend, the EdiBritain, or any other power; first, through the tor of the Messenger, has furnished me some proper claim of the United States by discovery and settlement, and, secondly, as now standing in the place of Spain, and holding in their hands all her title."

memoranda upon the Warehousing System, with a request that I would throw them into form for the Messenger, and invite you to a discussion of that important subject.

"They said, that it was well known to them, what had formerly been the pretensions of Spain The present opportunity seems favorable for to absolute sovereignty and dominion in the South Seas, and over all the shores of America which bringing it to the attention of the public. It is inthey washed; but that these were pretensions timately connected with some important movewhich Britain had never admitted. On the con-ments now in agitation, and its discussion will not be trary, she had constantly and strenuously resisted drowned in the tumultuous excitements of party,them."

they having, happily, very much subsided. In "Our discussions, which grew into length, and speaking of the "movements now in agitation,” I only a condensed view of which I have aimed at refer to the proceedings of the Western Convenpresenting to you, terminated without any change of opinion on either side. tion, which met at Memphis, Tennessee, on the 4th They were ended on the side of Great Britain, by her Pleni- of July last. This Convention, having in view potentiaries repeating, that they found it altogether many grand objects, reaching far forth into the impossible to accede, either to the proposal of the future condition of our country, was one of vast United States, or to the reasoning invoked in its interest and importance. support. That, nevertheless, they desired to lay West is beginning to shew his strength and his The young Giant of the a foundation of harmony between the two countries in that part of the globe; to close, not to consciousness of it, and this must be most delightleave open, sources of future disagreement, which ful to you, who have done so much to arouse his time might multiply and aggravate." latent energies. The East, the whole country, should anxiously engage in aiding to develope the The negotiation was closed on the 28th of July, resources of the West, that they may be entitled 1824. Mr. Rush omits any memoranda of the and enabled properly to direct the preponderating time intervening between this date and his recall power and influence, which the West is destined home, to preside over the treasury department, ere long to wield. A system of improvement should under President Adams. He says, "the simple be carried out, connecting the West with the Atremark I will make is, that so far as the Oregon lantic, and a system of Legislation adopted, calcuquestion is concerned, the field, in my opinion, is 'lated to protect her rights, foster her increasing

These

trade and attach her interests to the Union.
objects were before the Convention at Memphis,
but I find among their proceedings no mention of
the Warehousing system, which, as we shall shew,
is so intimately connected with the promotion of
Western production.

3. On the improvement of the Mississippi river and its tributaries.

4. On a Western National Armory.

5. On a National Ship Canal, to connect the Mississippi with the Northern Lakes.

6. On Mail Routes on the Western rivers. 7. On a Military Road through the Public Lands in the South-west.

It is very well, that the late meeting of the Convention could not at once accomplish its objects. By adjourning over until the 12th of November, more time has been allowed for deliberation, its the margin of the Western rivers. objects have been explicitly stated, and the attention of the whole country has been drawn to its proceedings. Where great matters are to be considered, some such preparatory meeting is always highly expedient.

8. On reclaiming the submerged grounds along

Looking as I do with great interest to the Western Convention, I here insert a summary of their late proceedings:

"There were in attendance about one hundred

and fifty members from Tennessee, one from Pittsburg, and five or six from each of the States of Mississippi, Arkansas, and Illinois. The attendance therefore was partial; and as some of the most important Western States were not represented, it was thought advisable to defer any final action until an adjourned meeting could be had,

which was fixed for the 12th November next.

There was a full discussion of the various topics proposed for the consideration of the Convention; and, although originally the purpose of the meeting seems to have been confined to the discussion of South-western interests, the door was cheerfully thrown open so as to include the great subject of the Western Navigation, and the interests of the Ohio Valley. A general desire was expressed, that at the meeting in November there should be a general representation from all the Western and South-western States. There is no limit as to number; of course every town and city may send its delegation. It is important they should do so, and still more important that they should transmit all the facts and statistics in reference to their produce, trade, and manufactures.

"It is gratifying to learn that a most cordial feeling was evinced by the whole of the persons assembled, and a disposition to avoid all party distinctions, all merely local questions, and all political abstractions, and to unite in whatever measures might be thought to advance the great interests of the whole Western Valley.

"Committees were appointed on the following subjects, to report to the adjourned meeting in No

vember :

1. On the Military and Naval resources of the Mississippi Valley, and its ability to create and sustain a Steam Military Marine.

2. On the improvement of the Ohio river; and on the subject of a Free Canal at the Falls of the Ohio.

9. On the growth of Cotton.

10. On Manufacturing in the South.

11. On the completion of the Railroad from Charleston to Memphis.

"A few of the subjects are local, and some are such as cannot come before Congress; but they are all important and interesting. They embrace some of the great elements of our power and wealth, and, if able reports be made on them, a vast deal of useful information will be collected,

and an impulse given to public sentiment which may be productive of these desirable results."

Cincinnati Allas.

From the above, it appears that some of the most important matters have already been elucidated by your pen. I hope, therefore, that you will attend the next meeting of the Convention, in November. For, though the Secretary of the Navy, so impartial and philosophical as to be a Historian, may think Commodore Morris better qualified to explore the Lake Country, with a view to the adoption of schemes conceived and advocated by another, with distinguished ability, I, for one, am of opinion, that he who proposes, explains and enforces them, is entitled to whatever of fame may be derived from them, and is best qualified to prosecute their investigation.

I am glad, however, that you have something to offset the injustice, (I am strongly tempted to call it by a harsher name, but forbear for your sake,) of the Secretary of the Navy. Let Commodore Morris traverse the Lake Country, he will every where but remind the people of the pen of Harry Bluff: when the people of Illinois meet to appoint delegates to the Memphis Convention, there is a cordial vote of thanks to Harry Bluff.

I propose that when the next Memphis Convention meets, the Warehousing system shall have been laid open for their consideration. Its important bearing on Western exports can not fail to attract the attention of that body; and in the Messenger for September, October, and November, there will be ample time for its discussion. At present, I can only call attention to the subject, and briefly open the system.

At one period, the duties on imports into this Country were not paid in advance, but secured by bonds. These bonds were afterwards collected, that is, as many as could be. This enabled the

Importers to remain in possession of their capital, months keep him from using his capital, to the and even to take the chances of the market, or amount of the duties. For the privilege of waitperhaps of a speculation, without having to advance ing a short time, to observe the course of trade, any moneys. This system of collecting the du- and to watch a favorable opportunity, he must deties, styled "the credit system," whilst it was posite with the government officers thousands of beneficial to the Importer, tended to produce reck- his capital, though he may soon draw every cent of lessness and speculation in trade, and was danger- it out again. In the meantime, the amount thas ous to the revenue of the Government. Hence. drawn back may have entered into the returns of it was superseded by the present "cash system," the Custom-House officers, serving only to falsify by which all duties are required to be paid in cash, the estimates and defeat the calculations of the upon the arrival of the Imported articles. This Treasury Department. secures the revenue of the Government, it is true; but at the same time, it keeps the Importers out of a considerable portion of their capital, of course causing them to expect a larger profit from the remainder; whilst the Import trade is thus concentrated in the hands of a few wealthy capitalists; and merchants of intelligence and enterprise, but of moderate capital, are entirely excluded. As a natural consequence, the supply of foreign products is kept as low as possible, prices fluctuate, and rich foreign houses are induced to establish branches in our principal cities for the purpose of supplying our markets.

By the Warehousing System, no drawbacks are allowed, and a man may wait years, if he pleases, without having to advance any portion of his capital for duties to the Government. As he uses his goods, he pays the duties in cash; if he exports them, he is charged nothing for the privilege of keeping them until a propitious hour arrives.

In order to shew this, it is necessary to state concisely what the Warehousing system is. By it, when a cargo of Foreign products is imported, they are stored in warehouses under the supervision of the officers of the Government; and, I believe, a bond is also given for the payment of the assessed No merchant who has to pay cash duties, can amount of duties. The Government thus has a afford to lay in a larger stock of foreign goods than double security, in the custody of the goods and the home demand will readily consume; and what-in the bond. As the Importer requires his goods, ever fluctuations take place abroad are immediately he is allowed to draw them from the Warehouses, felt with increased force here.

in any quantities he may please, always paying the duties, in cash, on such portions. But the dif ference between paying cash on portions of them, as he can readily dispose of them, and advancing the duties on a whole cargo of costly and high dutied goods, will be appreciated at once. In England, where the Warehousing system is in beauti ful and successful operation, one hogshead of tobacco, a bale of cotton, or a few bags of coffee may be taken from the Warehouses, at a time; and the duties on these are all that have to be advanced.

In case our intercourse were interrupted with any foreign country, no matter for how short a time, there would be no stores of the products of that country laid up to supply the wants of the people. Where such large capitals are required to carry on the Import trade, what prospect is held out for our Southern cities? They must forever be kept down, and all the immense products of the Southern and Western States, which furnish the Exports of the Country, be heavily, severely taxed, in order to get to foreign markets. Concentrate the ImIt will be perceived that this enables merchants port trade and the shipping, in the Northern ports, of moderate capitals to engage in the import trade, and how can Exports from Richmond, Norfolk, and will always keep a good supply of foreign arCharleston, Savannah, Mobile, New Orleans, and ticles on hand. The serious inconvenience of now all the teeming products of the West, annually having to pay cash duties on whole cargoes may increasing by millions of dollars, get to foreign be seen at once, from referring to the amount of markets? Ships must come for them empty; and our duties per annum. Suppose the gross as it costs as much, or very nearly, to navigate an to be, say, forty millions of dollars: our Importers, "empty bottom," as one full-cargoed, the Exports must, a part of the year at least, lie out of nearly of the South and West will have to pay the freight forty millions of dollars of their capital. A of a double voyage, in order to reach their pur- single large merchant has now sometimes to adchasers and consumers abroad. That this is the vance from one to two hundred thousand dollars, fact, is already proved by the rates of freight in for duties on a single cargo. Obviate this by the Northern and Southern ports. establishment of the Warehousing system, the gen There is another consideration to be presented eral import trade of the country would be promoin this connection. Imports brought into this counted, and ships, laden with foreign articies, be try, with a view to be exported, have still to pay brought directly into Southern cities, thence to cash duties, though the duties are drawn back, upon take out, at ordinary freights, Southern and Wesexportation. This operation, troublesome and tern produce.

amount

roundabout, is of no benefit either to the Govern- Again, by abolishing the system of drawbacks, ment or the Merchant, and yet may for weeks or vessels would be induced to come to Southern

What an advantage it would be to the South and West, to get ships to come with cargoes. instead of mere ballast, for their immense staples! Then. instead of paying freight for two voyages across the Atlantic, they would be transported at the usual rates, and vast amounts of money be saved to the producers.

ports laden with goods for re-shipment, which | And the phantomy form of no grave comes there,
would then be allowed to remain, duty free, in the To startle the sleeper from dreams so fair;
But soft as the kiss in Hymen's own bow'r,
Warehouses until a favorable opportunity offered
And soft as the dew on the trembling flow'r,
of exporting them.
Does the sea nymph come, with a sister's tread,
To hallow the rest of the sleeping dead.
Where the soft running streams in melody flow,
'Mid the pearl cover'd walks of those gardens below,
And the whispers of love are mournfully sweet,
Lay me down to my rest in my winding sheet;
For the lov'd and the gentle that wept over me,
Went down long ago to that rest in the sea,
And I know, Oh! I know, by my fond mother's pray'r,
And my sister's last kiss, that they wait for me there.
Then bury me deep, in my own sunny sea,
Where the friends of my bosom are waiting for me,
Where the cold, cold clod, lieth not on the breast,
And the worm crawleth not-and the sleeper is blest!
In the still, silent hour of the peaceful night,
When the moon-beams pencil the waves with light,
And the stars look down from Heav'n so fair,
Oh! bury me then-and bury me there.
Putnam, Ohio.

These are some of the views to be taken of the Warehousing system. I have no room for more. I preferred saying this little, and that so imperfectly, to waiting another month. I hope you will take up the subject and prosecute it.

In the mean time, I am

Yours truly,

AMERICUS SOUTH.

July 25th, 1845.

O BURY ME NOT.

BY E. B. HALE.

O bury me not in the lone, lone tomb,

All shrouded in darkness, and mantled in gloom;
When the sleeper goes down in silence to rest,
And the clod of the valley lies cold on the breast;
When the revel of Life's young dream is o'er,
When the bounding pulses may thrill no more,
And the visions have vanish'd, that seem'd so fair,
O bury me then-but not-not there.

O, who would go down to the desolate grave,
Tho' the grass grow eth green-and the willow boughs wave,
And the soft winds sigh, and the bright flow'rs bloom,
And the evergreen stands o'er the lov'd one's tomb?
In the darkness and night of that lone silent cell,
The slow creeping worm, and the reptile dwell,
And the cold slimy snake, and the loathsome things,
That Death in his church-yard livery brings.

No purling of waters comes soft to the ear,
No song of the wild bird, exquisite and clear,
No sunlight-no moonlight-no bright golden beams,
Empurpled in foliage, and mirror'd in streams;
No spirit of Beauty-no music- no flow'rs,
No whisper to vary the pall-covered hours,
No cadence of kindness-a land of despair,-

The lone land of silence-Oh! who could dwell there?

But away, far away, on the bright sunny sea,
Where the soft winds dance in their festive glee,
Where the light glimmers down thro' the silver wave,
Oh! bury me there, in that sea-shrouded grave.
In the clear pearly depths of those waters below,
Do the white coral groves all beautiful grow,
And the crimson caves, where the diamond gleams,
Thro' the sparkling spray of murmuring streams.

O, soft glide the hours, and the rest is sweet,
In the calm repose of that still retreat,

Messrs. WILEY & PUTNAM are now issuing two series of attractive works, which we, without hesitation, recommend to our Readers. One series is composed entirely of Ameri can works; the other embraces "books which are books," constituting a neat "Library of Choice Reading." Of these we have already noticed several; but from some unfortunate mishap, we have not received most of the late issues, and hence are compelled to notice the series en masse. Thus far, it embraces VI. numbers, beautifully printed and well

Messrs. Drinker and Morris have sent us the following, selected. from the press of HARPER AND BROTHERS.

Of the American Series, we are indebted to the author, for LETTERS FROM ITALY, BY J. T. HEADLEY. Mr. HeadTHE SEERESS OF PREVORST: Being revelations conley's style is peculiarly adapted to such a work, and his cerning the inner life of man, and the interdiffusion of a Letters" are highly fascinating. The work has already World of Spirits, in the one we inhabit. Communicated proved, so far as we have observed, to be very popular, and by Justinus Kerner, chief Physician at Weinsberg. Trans is justly to be regarded as an accession to the Literature of lated from the German by Mrs. Crowe, authoress of "The its class. Its nativeness is conspicuous. Adventures of Susan Hopley," &c. This is a singular work, purporting to set forth new facts in mesmerism. It is accompanied by the Sunsphere," a diagram of the Spirit World.

64

Illuminated Pictorial Bible. No.'s 31 and 32.

Encyclopedia of Domestic Economy. No. 6

THE COMING OF THE MAMMOTH, THE FUNERAL OF TIME,
AND OTHER POEMS. BY HENRY B. HIRST. "Pro
me: si merear, in me.”—Trajan. Boston: Philips and
Sampson: 1845.

Many of these poems have already appeared in the Messenger, and we hope that our readers are prepared to ap

Dictionary of Practical Medicine. By Copland and Lee. preciate the contents of the volume. The leading poem, Part IX.

The Wandering Jew. By Eugene Sue. No.'s 13 and 14. The Nevilles of Garretstown. A tale of 1760. By the author of "Charles O'Malley," &c., &c. No. 5.

Illuminated and Illustrated Shakespeare. No.'s 57 and 58. The Smuggler. A Tale. By G. P. R. James, Esq. Westward Ho! A Novel. By James K. Paulding; and Evelina. A Novel. By Miss Burney (since Madame D' Arblay.) No.'s 11 and 12 of the pocket editions of Select Novels.

Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Epistles of Paul to the Thessalonians, to Timothy, to Titus, and to Philemon. BY ALBERT BARNES.

JOHN RONGE, THE HOLY COAT OF TREVES, AND THE
NEW GERMAN-CATHOLIC CHURCH.

This work contains an account of the proceedings of John Ronge in opposition to the abuses of the Romish Church, which led to his excommunication; and of the "Exhibition of the pretended Coat of our Lord in the Cathedral of Treves, during the months of August and September, 1844." The Holy Coat is said to have been brought by Helena, the mother of the Emperor Constantine, from the Holy Land, in the fourth century, and deposited in the

Cathedral of Treves, which was then the residence of the

64

The Coming of the Mammoth," is inferior to some of the others. At times, Mr. Hirst appears to us to write, as it were, more by expression and versification, than by a defi nite conception of his subject and meaning. Many of the poems are worthy of high commendation; and the pecuative of a refined taste. We have only room for the folliarly neat and unadorned style of the publication is indielowing Sonnet, which we select not as the best, but as applicable to the aspirations of the author.

"THE POET.

"GOD makes the Poet, and the Poet makes
Himself a god; for with an adamant pen,
He writes his name upon the hearts of men;
And, with a more than Sampson strength, he shakes,
As through the clouds of common life he breaks,
A golden glory from his vigorous wings.
Nor his the life of myriad meaner things,
Nor his their death; for when he dies he wakes
In heaven, but leaves behind him, glowing here,
A second immortality, his own,-

The work of his own hands-his royal throne,
Reared on the wide world's love, and not its fear;
And here, that second soul, in every age,
Thrills the proud spirits of the purely sage."

* some

Joseph Gill, Esq., has sent us LEONARD SCOTT & Co.'s republications of the Westminster Review, for June; and of Blackwood, for June, containing among other things Stanzas to the memory of Thomas Hood," whose Emperors, and the most famous city in the Empire, after recent death has produced a great vacuum in the current Rome itself. It has been since exhibited on several im-humorous and pathetic Literature of the day. portant occasions. In 1514, Leo X. issued a bull, proclaiming absolution of sin to all who, in the proper spirit, made a pilgrimage to Treves, and contributed towards the expenses of the spectacle. At the late exhibition, in one week, 150,000 strangers visited the city, and during the whole time, 1,200,000

THE NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW, for July, has been received. We are glad to see it taking nearly the same independent views of the Narrative of the Exploring Expedition, that had been taken by the Messenger. We may also call attention to the article on Longfellow's "Poets and Poetry of Europe."