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Accession to the Presidency on Taylor's Death-His Attitude in Relation to Slav-
ery-Signing the Compromise Measures-Enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law-
Lopez's Expedition-Perry's Expedition to Japan-Nominated for President
by the American Party-Last Years and Death..........
ADMINISTRATION OF FRANKLIN PIERCE.
Early Days-Elected to Congress-An Advocate of States Rights-In the United
States Senate-Enlists on the Declaration of War with Mexico-Commissioned
a Brigadier-General-The Advance into Mexico-Attack upon the City of
Mexico
Evidences of Personal Bravery-Molino del Rey-Peace, and Return Home-Mem-
ber of New Hampshire Constitutional Convention-Nominated and Elected
President-Declarations as to Slavery.
Repeal of the Missouri Compromise and Its Results-The Kansas-Nebraska Ques-
tion-Important Events of the Administration-Its Close-Years of Retire-
ment, and Death in 1863......
ADMINISTRATION OF JAMES BUCHANAN.
The Clan Buchanan-Elected to the Legislature-Opposed to a Re-charter of the
Bank-Chosen to Congress-A Tariff for Revenue, but Not for Protection-Able
Opposition to Mr. Clay upon that Ground-Minister to Russia.........
Elected to the Senate-Opposition to the Abolitionists-The Independent Treasury
System-Secretary of State Under Polk-Asserting the Monroe Doctrine-Dec-
larations as to the Compromise Measures-Sent to the Court of St. James as
United States Minister...........
PAGE
750
767
773
779
787
792
Nominated for the Presidency-Contest with Fremont-Elected-The Walker Expe-
dition-The Question of Slavery Again-Signs of Trouble, and Foreshadow-
ings of War-Kansas the Battle-field-John Brown and Harper's Ferry............ 796
Determination of the Slave-Holders to Force the Issue-The National Conventions
of 1860-A Disruption of the Democratic Party-The Election of Lincoln, and
How it was Received in the South-A Signal for Open Rebellion............ . 809
The Trying Position of the President-Weakness and Hesitation-South Carolina
Withdraws from the Union-The Wild Unrest and Excitement of a Nation on
the Eve of Civil War-The Commissioners from South Carolina-Secession of
Other Southern States....................
John A. Dix's Famous Order-A Proposition for a Peace Commission-It Comes
to Naught-Steps for the Open Declaration of a Confederacy-It is so Declared
-Retirement of Mr. Buchanan from the Presidential Chair-Retirement to
Private Life-Conclusion of an Extended Career......
812
822
ADMINISTRATION OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
The Lincolns in the Wilderness of Kentucky-Abraham's Youth and Early Priva-
tions-Ambition for an Education-Flatboating on the Mississippi—In the
Black Hawk War-Entering upon the Study of Law-Postmaster-Elected
to the Illinois Legislature......
Early Declarations upon Slavery-Improvements Pushed Before Their Time—Ad-
mitted to the Bar-Elected to Congress-Takes a Position in Favor of Aboli-
tion of Slavery-The Famous Debates with Stephen A. Douglas........
Named as a Candidate for President-The Cooper Institute Speech-Endorsed by
the Republican Convention of Illinois-Nominated for President-Elected-
The Journey to Washington-Inaugurated in a Season of Danger and National
Gloom..
Armed and Organized Rebellion Already in the Field-His Efforts to Win the
Erring States to their Old Allegiance-The First Shot at Sumter-The North
at Last Aroused-Call for Seventy-five Thousand Volunteers--The Patriotic
Response of the North-The Era of Actual and Bloody War............
"On to Richmond"-The Battle of Bull Run-McClellan-The Status of the Negro
--Contraband of War-Inaction-A Final Advance on Part of the Army-Fre-
mont and his Unwise Proclamation in the West-Stanton-The Emancipation
Proclamation...........
The Progress of the War-The Trent Affair-A Period of Darkness and Gloom-
A Draft Proposed-The National Finances-The National Banking Law-The
Alabama-The French in Mexico-The Battle of Gettysburg...
The Grand Speech at Gettysburg-Grant-Re-nominated to the Presidency-Elected
-Sherman's March to the Sea-The Clouds Lifting-The Fall of Richmond-
Appomattox and Peace—The Crime of April 14-Assassination and the Pres-
ident's Death....
831
851
871
881
894
907
915
ADMINISTRATION OF ANDREW JOHNSON.
The Poverty and Struggles of Youth-The Tailor's Apprentice-Ambition in the
Face of Difficulties-An Advocate of the Common People-Mayor of Greenville
-Elected to the Legislature-In the State Senate-Elected to Congress-
Chosen Governor of Tennessee....
...............
925
930
Promoted to the United States Senate-The Homestead Law-Attitude upon the
Slavery Question-A Firm Friend of the Union When the Secession Standard
was Raised-His Bold Speeches Against Treason........
Military Governor of Tennessee-Nominated Vice-President-Called Higher by the
Assassination of Lincoln-Reconstruction, and Contest with Congress-The
Impeachment Trial-Conclusion of Term-Return to the Senate-Death............ 935
ADMINISTRATION OF ULYSSES S. GRANT.
Early Years-Appointed to West Point-Active Service in the War with Mexico-
Garrison Life in Detroit-Service on the Pacific Coast-Resignation-A Season
of Farming and Real Estate-Life at Galena...........
His Services Given to his Country at the Outbreak of the War-Helping to Put
the Illinois Troops in Readiness for War-Appointed Colonel-A Brigadier-Gen-
eral-The Capture of Fort Henry-Operations Against Donelson-Its Fall—
The Joy of the North................
A Major-General-Trouble with Halleck-Pittsburgh Landing-The Investment of
Vicksburg-Its Fall, and the Opening of the Mississippi-Lookout Mountain
and Missionary Ridge-Made Lieutenant-General and Placed in Command of
the Armies of the North............
951
956
961
Face to Face with Lee and Richmond-The Long Series of Struggles, and the Indi-
cation of the Final End-The Fall of Petersburg and the Evacuation of Rich-
mond-Surrounding Lee-The Surrender at Appomattox-The Joy of the North 969
Made General of the Armies-His Part in the Reconstruction Troubles-Secretary
of War-Proposed for President-Nominated by the Republican Convention of
1868-Elected-The Commencement of a New Political Era-The San Domingo
Project-The Rights of the Colored People........
...... 981
Troubles with Canada-The Suppression of the Ku Klux-Civil Service Reform-
The Liberal Republican Movement-Renominated and Reëlected-Resumption
Measures-Troubles in the South-The Whisky Frauds-The Third Term Ex-
citement............
994
Keeping the Peace in the Troubled Days of 1877–Retirement from the Presidential
Chair-Tour Around the World-His Reception in England, France, Japan,
China and Other Foreign Lands-The Leisure Talk of Long Hours of Idleness..1011
Return Home-A 'Glorious Welcome-The Presentation of his Name in the Chicago
Convention-Devotion of the Old Guard.-The Tour of the Country-A Cloud
upon his Life and Fame-Loss of Property-The Love and Admiration of his
Countrymen Lift the Cloud-Long Illness and Death......
ADMINISTRATION OF RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
Becomes a Lawyer-City Solicitor of Cincinnati—An Early Republican and Oppo-
nent of Slavery-Enlists in the Union Cause-A Major--The Battle of South
Mountain-A Colonel and Brigadier-General-Elected to Congress..
His Attitude During Reconstruction-Nominated Governor of Ohio-The Selection
Ratified-His Services in that Position through Three Terms-An Advocate of
Honest Money-Nominated to the Presidency......
1023
.1039
.1045
An Undecided Election-Intense Excitement All Over the Land-The Issue Made
in Congress - The Electoral Commission and Its Difficult Work - Hayes
Awarded the Seat....
The Southern Peace Policy-Its Effect upon the Country and Politics-A Hard
Money Advocate-Working for Civil Service Reform-Orders to the Office-
Holders-Contest with Congress-Vetoes-Chinese Immigration-Retirement
and Subsequent Life..
ADMINISTRATION OF JAMES A. GARFIELD.
A Thorough Preparation for the Work of After Years-Aspirations for an Educa-
tion-At the Head of Hiram Institute-Sent to the Ohio Senate-Enlists at
the Call of his Country-A Lieutenant-Colonel, Colonel, Brigadier and Major-
General-His Record in the Field.....
Elected to Congress-His Work There in Behalf of the Soldier-Early Speeches-
Vallandigham-Reply to Mr. Long-His Study of Financial History-His
Views on the Tariff-A Visit to Europe-Combating Pendleton and Inflation--
On Important Committees..
.1059
Democratic Control of Congress-Debate with the Southern Members-Contest with
Lamar-Goes to Louisiana in 1876 at the Request of Grant-The Leader of
the House-Defense of the Resumption Act-Elected to the United States
Senate....
Sent to the Chicago Convention-His Brilliant Work in that Body-Speech in
Nomination of Mr. Sherman-The Convention Nominates Garfield-Election
and Inauguration.
1069
1111
1119
1133
1144
An Official Occupation Far too Short-The Promise of Good Work in the Future—
The Nomination of Mr. Robertson-Trouble in New York-Conkling and Platt
Resign-Assassination-Grief of the Country-Death at Elberon by the Sea....1151
ADMINISTRATION OF CHESTER A. ARTHUR.
Assuming Office Under Grave Circumstances-Educator and Lawyer-A Friend to
the Slave Early Interest in Politics-Quartermaster-General of New York-A
Service of the Most Arduous Labor-Collector of New York-Contest Over
Civil Service..
1159
Delegate to the Chicago Convention-Supporting Grant-Nominated Vice-Presi-
dent-Position on Public Questions-Siding with Conkling-To Albany-News
of Garfield's Assassination..
1164
Installed in the Presidency-A Season of Peace Inaugurated-Position on the In-
dian Question-Veto of the Chinese Bill-A Trip to the South and West-Con-
clusion of his Term-Return to the Law-The End of Life...
1165
ADMINISTRATION OF GROVER CLEVELAND.
The First Democratic President Since Buchanan-Admitted to the Law-Assistant
District Attorney of Erie County, New York-Sheriff-Mayor of Buffalo-A
Fine Record in Favor of Municipal Reform..
Nominated Governor of New York-Elected-A Modest Inauguration-Business
Methods and a Pure Administration-Vetoes-Nominated for President by
the Democratic National Convention--A Popular Ratification..
Standing by his Civil Service Reform Principles -- Disappointed Office-Seekers--
Declaration of Views upon Important Questions--Vetoes-Trips to the West
and South..
1183
.1185
.1192