Educational Entelligence.

CANADA.

x's College, Toronto, close of the Session.-On Wednesday à ultimo, the fifth College Session in this institution was brought to During the preceding week a series of examinations was conducted arious classes, by the Professors. Occasional visitors attended these ations. The concluding scene was peculiarly interesting. The y Hall and Library were thrown into the large hall, which was well ith professors, students, and visitors, among whom we were pleased so many ladies. The smaller attendance of visitors on the previous as occasioned by the opinion having gone abroad that the examinas private. There was peculiar solemnity in the concluding exercise, portion of which are of a devotional character. The number of s attending the classes, with the view to the ministry, was fiftyamong them the utmost harmony and good feeling had prevailed, a very laborious session; they had become knit together by many. g, hallowed associations; they were now about to be separated from her, to be scattered abroad throughout the wide extent of our home ary field. To the senior class, who had finished their course of ic study, and had not the prospect of again meeting in like circumwith their fellow-students, with whom they had enjoyed much g intercourse, the parting ceremonial was very impressive. Indeed ors and students had become so much like members of an affectionate that the prospect of separation filled the mind with sadness, and ed matter for serious reflection.

examination having been finished on the previous days, Wednesday cupied with the distribution of prizes, as they had been awarded, by the suffrages of the students. The professors in delivering the o the successful competitors, made appropriate remarks, expressing tisfaction with the general progress of their classes; and stating how it was to decide in cases of competition, upon the order of merit.— siastical and Missionary Record.

mination, Queen's College, Kingston.-The public examiof the classes of Queen's College took place on Thursday last. As her occasions, the appearance made by the students reflected much upon their diligence, and also on the efficiency of the Institution. ne, however, (from 10 A. M. to 5 P. M.) was by far too limited for the , as only a very few specimens could be given of the great extent iety of work gone through during the session. Besides, the increasing of students makes it necessary that the time for examination should nded. We may mention as one proof of the industry of the young at no less than 130 essays, &c., were given in by competitors for prizes. Among so many, it must have been no easy task to decide ir respective merits. After the distribution of the prizes, the Rev. al MACHAR closed the eighth session of the College with an address. gston Argus.

sical Prize Compositions, King's College, Toronto.—It will y be in the recollection of our readers that about this time last year, sident of the University offered for general competition amongst the Cors of Music three prizes; one of £5 for the best vocal trio; one for the best Duet; one of £2 for the best Ballad. The result of this cement was that several compositions of considerable merit was sent competition for each of the prizes. Soon after the receipt of them, ere transmitted by the President to England for decision on their merits. Mr. HORSLEY, the well-known author of so many justlycompositions, kindly undertook the duty of adjudging the prizes, decision was received by the last mail.

have now the pleasure of announcing that the author of the three to which that distinguished musician awarded the prizes, is Mr. CLARKE, Mus. Bac., King's College.

ave also much gratification in adding that the liberality of the Hon. stice DRAPER supplied the funds, which have on this occasion plied for the very desirable object of promoting among the residents Province the cultivation of the theory and practice of Music. ubjoin a copy of the official notice which has been posted in the Hall University :

Victoria College Examination.-The Examination of the Classes in Victoria College commenced on Monday morning, 30th ult. We have never before attended an Examination at Victoria College which has conferred greater honour upon that Institution, than the present one. Throughout the whole course, the Examination evinced, on the part of the Professors, untiring exertions to forward the progress of the classes, and on the part of the students, assiduous attention to the subjects of study. The exercises continued throughout Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. Universally they displayed an acquaintance with their subjects that could be derived only from a rigid analysis and an entire mastery of them. On Tuesday several classes were examined in the more advanced classical writers, and acquitted themselves admirably, answering all the questions of their Examiners. Those in Geometry, Conic Sections, and Moral Philosophy, showed by their abilities the lofty stand to which the reasoning powers of man, if rightly cultivated, were capable of attaining.

On Tuesday evening the Rev. Dr. RICHEY delivered an eloquent Address before the Faculty, Students, and a respectable audience, in the College chapel. His theme was,-The English Language and Literature—their leading characteristics, and probable destination; a subject appropriate to the occasion, and well adapted to the learned gentleman's powers. The whole was a master-piece of eloquence, strength, and beauty.

The following degrees were conferred :-That of A. B. on J. CAMPBELL, and C. M. D. CAMERON, who had honorably completed the Collegiate course-A.M. on OLIVER SPRINGER, A.B., Barrister, of Hamilton, and WILLIAM BROUSE, M.D., of Prescott; and D.D. on the Rev. JOHN SCOTT, of London, England.

These interesting exercises were closed by the distribution of prizes to the following young gentlemen :-The "Elgin Prize," Paley's Evidences, JOHN CAMPBELL, of Cobourg. The President's class in History, first Prize, M. HAIKINS, Cooksville; second, DAVID ORMISTON, Darlington. "Trustees and Visitors' Prize," in the Classics, awarded by Professor WILSON to S. W. HARDING, Picton. Professor PADDOCK's Prizes in Geometry, first, J. H. DUMBLE, Cobourg; second, C. W. MARSH, Cobourg.-[Cobourg Star.

University of McGill College.-A Convocation was held in the College Hall, on Saturday last, when the following degrees were conferred upon Candidates entitled to receive the same :

Bachelor of Arts-ALEXANDER MORRIS.

Doctors of Medicine and Surgery-F. CHALLINOR, J. P. MARR, ENEAS MACDONELL, M. SABOURIN, D. ODELL, G. C. WOOD, J. N. BUXTON, J. M. QUESNEL, T. McGRATH.

The Honorary Degree of Doctor in Civil Law, was conferred upon the Rev. W. T. LEACH, A. M., Professor.-[Montreal Gazette.

The Common Schools of the City of Hamilton-the Queen's Birth Day-Noble Conduct of the Mayor.-We have much pleasure in referring pointedly to the following indication of cordial interest in our Public Schools as evinced by the Corporate authorities of the Queen City of the West:

"Among the features which will mark the 24th May, 1849, and in addition to those made by the Committee, we are gratified to learn that arrangements have been made to give the children of the Public Schools a feast on the happy occasion, and right merrily will they enjoy it. At9 o'clock, A.M., they will assemble in the Court House Square, where they will form in procession, and march through the principal streets to the Cricket Ground, A luncheon will be prepared for them there, for which they will be indebted to the noble generosity of our worthy and highly esteemed Mayor, W. L. DISTIN. Esq,"-[Hamilton Gazette,

Hamilton City Schools-Queen's Birth Day.-The birth day of our most Gracious Queen was observed as a Holiday in the Commor. Schools of the City of Hamilton by order of the Board of Trustees.

Examination of Schools in the Town of London,—Prizes.— On last Thursday the Quarterly Examination of Mr. MURTAGH's school (in St. David's Ward) took place in presence of His Worship the Mayor and the Trustees of Common Schools for this Town, besides a numerous attendance of respectable visitors. In addition to an examination in the ordinary branches, the pupils were exercised in "writing from dictation," which not only showed their proficiency in penmanship, but also tested their knowledge of orthography and punctuation, as well as the proper use of capital letters. It was very pleasing to see many boys and girls without hesitation write down a number of difficult sentences not only quickly but but accurately. Throughout the examination the pupils answered with remarkable promptness and accuracy in the several subjects on which they were exercised.-[Com, to Canadian Free Press.

The Common School under the tuition of Mr. ROBERT WILSON, was examined last Friday, in presence of the School Trustees and a number of

leit in witnessing the acquirements vi me pupils in Zeusiupuj、 supˇˇ

that part of it relating to Canada, and Mr. Wilson by drawing a map of Canada on the black-board, has enabled his geography class to master it. Several excellent specimens of pencil drawing were exhibited, and did great credit to the scholars The exercises in vocal music were deserving of all praise.-[Canadian Free Press.

The School taught by Mr. ANDREW ROSS, in St. George's Ward, was examined on the 28th ult., in the presence of the Trustees and a number of the parents. The examination was highly creditable on all the different branches; the grammar class particularly so. The children were clean and neat in their appearance, and their orderly conduct could not have been surpassed. The number of children present was about 75. £315s. and a number of historical works were distributed as prizes to the most deserving. -[Com. to Canadian Free Press.

Examination of the School in Section No. 2, South Dorchester. under the tuition of Mr. CHANT. A goodly number of respectable persons were present, and the scholars went through their various exercises with great credit to themselves and to their teacher. Both parents and Trustees were evidently much gratified. There was one branch of education, the exercise of which was most interesting and delightful; it was music: only a few months ago the children had no idea of what constituted a musical sound, now, they not only understand its first principles, but can sing a variety of tunes, marking the time by the motion of the hand with a degree of accuracy, which those who have neglected it in early life can with difficulty attain.-[Com. to Canadian Free Press.

Examination of School Section No. 2, Town of Simcoe.-The Quarterly Examination of this School, for the present year, took place on Friday last. We were happy to learn, that the pupils acquitted themselves very creditably, and from all present with whom we conversed, we heard but one opinion-that of unqualified praise-of the judgment, prudence and ability displayed by Mr. OLDS, the Teacher, in the management of the School.-[Long Point Advocate.

Examination of the Simcoe Female School.-On Friday last, the Examination of the School in this Town, under the charge of Miss MURPHY, was held in the presence of a large and respectable assemblage of ladies and gentlemen. Those of the Exercises which we witnessed reflected the highest credit on Preceptress and Pupils, and fully confirm the hopes entertained of the success of the School at the time of its establishment. We respectfully congratulate Miss Murphy and the Patrons of the School, on her success, and trust that her exertions may be appreciated and rewarded as they merit.-fibid.

Examination at Newburgh Academy and Midland District School. In a letter signed by the Rev. WILLIAM MCFADDEN and Messrs. WARNER, ASSELSTINE and MILLER, published in the Kingston papers, we find the following account of an "interesting annual examination of the pupils attending the Academy in the rising village of Newburgh, under the management of Messrs. BEACH and McGWIN. The average attendance was about 100, for whom there is ample accommodation in the very neat and convenient two story building erected for the purpose; and yet, such is the encouragement given to the School, and the prospect of increasing patronage, that the Trustees are entering into arrangements for considerably enlarging the building.

"The different classes examined during the day manifested an intimate acquaintance with the various branches of study pursued in the Academy, and the practical knowledge displayed by the Pupils did great credit to their indefatigable Teachers. It might appear to be invidious to make distinctions where all did so well, but we cannot forbear mentioning a few classes who acquitted themselves to the admiration of the numerous spectators, especially the classes in Natural Philosophy, Trigonometry, Mensuration, Algebra, Sallust, Geography, and English Grammar. The improvement made during the year, surpassed our most sanguine expectations, and must have been not only very satisfactory to the parents and guardians of the youth attending, but to the Teachers, who appear to be well adapted to their calling, and are much beloved by their pupils."

"The Quarterly

The intellectual plan requires two apartments, and one for the higher and one for the common branch trustees will be able to remedy this ere long, as they hundred pounds at their disposal for School purpo intend to erect a building, suitable to the growing w neighbourhood."—[Com. to the Galt Reporter by t and Messrs. McCosH, FINLAYSON, and SINCLAIR.

Examination of Galt School.—The Quart the Galt School, under the efficient management of Normal School] and D. MCLEAN, Teachers, took large assemblage of gratified spectators, composed of several Clergymen, and the parents and friends of the The examination was highly creditable to both Tea going through the different exercises of English Geography, practical Arithmetic, Algebra and Geom of them showed they were accustomed to think, whic the system pursued in the School-the exercises i eliciting much praise. Another peculiarity of the sin system is, the entire absence of anything like diffider -the mutual confidence it establishes between teache attention bestowed by the pupils on every question their teachers, who seem to possess the faculty of im own energy to those under their charge.

The new School House (being part only of a me plated plan,) is in keeping with the importance that a cation. It is a stone building 80 by 34 feet, a s separating it into two divisions of 32 and 30 feet ceiling of 20 feet in height; the one division for el the other for the more advanced. Next to the entrand platform of 12 feet, the remaining part is seated, on a one inch per foot, which places every individual in eye of the Teacher. The side walls are hung with History, and the partition wall covered with Maps of facilitate the study of Geography.

I am happy to find that the conviction entertained the urgent necessity of general education-that the knowledge is the only true security for well-regulated to be felt here. The great zeal displayed by the Tr few years for the improvement of the School, in Teachers, and in providing suitable accommodatic bring about this object.-[Communicated to Galt Rep

Examination in School Section No. 25, D trict. On Wednesday, the Quarterly Examination 25, in the Township of Dumfries, took place, in prethe Rev. Mr. SMITH, of Galt, Messrs. BoWMAN, J. P SHIEL, CUNNINGHAM, BROWN, WILSON, DICKIE, an and some of the most influential residents. This looked forward to with interest by those residing in circumstances of its being the first one since the appc teacher, Mr. ALEXANDER MCCLELLAND, who cam by the Head-Master of the Normal School at Torreceived his training as a teacher. The attendanc respectable. The examination embraced all the bram common schools, and the manner in which all the c selves, was equally creditable to the expertness scholars, and to the ability, skill and perseveran▪ carrying out the method which he has adopted. Bef School, the Rev. Mr. SMITH briefly addressed the Teexpressing the great satisfaction he had felt at the been made, and assuring those who were immedi school, that from what they had just seen of Mr. M ties as a Teacher, they had every reason to put full c taking, experience, and competency.-[Galt Repor

BRITISH AND FOREIC

Highbury College, the well known dissenti tution near London, has been sold. It is intende Training Institution in connection with the Church Wachman.·

School for the Gipsies.-A school and as been established for the children of gipses; it is situ ASHLEY is the patron, Mr. GLYNN, M. P., is the tre

RNAL OF EDUCATION.

TORONTO, MAY, 1849.

Y OF PUBLIC MEN OF ALL CLASSES IN
REFERENCE TO COMMON SCHOOLS.

perfection of a steam engine or manufactory consists in ■l adaptation and completeness of the various pieces or ch compose it; so the highest civilization of a community n the intellectual and moral elevation of its individual If the individual inhabitants of a country, county, townown, be ignorant and vicious, they must present an aggrenorance and vice. But if the individuals of which any hood, town or country is composed, are educated, enlightvirtuous, the character of such neighbourhood, town or will be that of intelligence and virtue, and in the same these elements of civilization and refinement prevail.

ffusion of the elements of intelligence and virtue through-le population is a social process, and can only be accomsocial means; and in proportion to the comprehensiveness -y of the social combination will be the extent and degree ial elevation. If the wealth, the rank, the intelligence of nity be arrayed on the side of social progress, the ignoapathy which may exist among the masses of such comill soon be penetrated and dispelled, and the unmeasured their intelligence and enterprise will soon be added to the of their country-an accession of greater importance than est immigration of mere physical strength, much more of and pauperism. If, on the other hand, the intelligence th of a country are opposed, or even indifferent to the education of the masses, the predominant ignorance and -the latter leave no elements or resources adequate to its shment. The "relations of the poor to the rich-of the ed to the educated-require the co-operation of the latter in tion of the former. There is no example of the universal of education in any country without the countenance, the and active co-operation of both the government and the classes in the promotion of that object.

man of wealth and intelligence who stands aloof from the | patriotic work of promoting the education of the masses ellow-countrymen, is so far their enemy and the enemy of try. As far as in him lies, he is endeavouring to inflict youth of the land a worse than famine of bread-the famine ledge. Every rich man, every educated man, every Minister, every man of influence however limited, should ɔon his own personal obligation and responsibility in regard ellectual elevation of his country. The Common School ides that all Christian Ministers, Magistrates, Judges and Councillors shall be visitors of Common Schools-thus ating and providing for the united influence and co-operation resentatives of the Christianity, the wealth and intelligence untry in promoting the universal education of the people. igorous, voluntary exercise of this mighty dormant power ore to promote Common School Education in Canada than s of legislative enactments without it. It is a power greater t of law a power the physical resources of which law it under contribution, but the moral influence of which no compel, in a work of common interest and vital importance hole country. His Excellency GOVERNOR BRIGGS, of Masts, (in a letter addressed to the editors of the New-York

Student, acknowledging the receipt of maps of the States of Connecticut and Massachusetts, prepared by pupils of a New-York Common School,) makes the following remarks, which deserve the attention of all public men in Upper Canada :

"The idea cannot be too deeply impressed upon the public mind, that the future character of the people of this country is to be moulded and formed in the Common School House. The importance, then, of elevating the condition of our Common Schools, cannot be over estimated.

"Let legislators, public men, Christians, and all who love their country and their race, exert themselves to improve the present systeins of popular education, and to extend their benefits to every child and youth in the country. There is but one period in human life when the priceless blessings of education can be imparted. That is the morning of life. If then neglected, the opportunity is lost forever. Legislatures which do not make suitable provisions for the instruction of the children of the state, do great injustice to the children themselves, and bring upon the state a manhood of ignorance and vice. These neglected children will become matured paupers and criminals, and in this form be the instruments, in the hands of Providence, of scourging the state for its criminal omission to do its duty to them, by providing means for their education."

FRUITS OF THE PRESENT COMMON SCHOOL LAW OF UPPER CANADA.

Up to the present moment we have published no general statistics illustrative of the operations of the present Common School Law of Upper Canada. In one or two instances we have given two or three statistical statements on particular points, but have entered into no details. This law came into full operation the 1st of January, 1847. The first ten sections of it relating to the Provincial Superintendent, the Board of Education and the District Councils came into force in June, 1846. The year 1846 was therefore a year of transition from the late, to the present Common School Act. The opposition which was made in certain quarters to the present Act on its first introduction and the prejudices which were excited against it in the minds of many persons by almost incredible representations, are known to all our readers; and the removal of those prejudices by actual experience, and the general approval of the Act by those who are most interested in the promotion of Common Schools and have done most to advance them, are facts equally well known. The test of experience has resulted in the prevalent opinion in favour of the general provisions of the present School Act, with a conviction equally general as to defects in some of its details, arising chiefly from the want of greater discretionary power in Local Trustees and Councils.

But the question is, has the system of Common Schools advanced in Upper Canada since the present Act came into full force in January, 1847? We answer this question by referring to two tables of statistics which will be found on pages 76 and 77 of this number, and which formed part of an Appendix to the Genera! School Report for Upper Canada for 1848, transmitted the present month to His Excellency the GOVERNOR GENERAL. The Normal School, a uniform series of School Books, Public Quarterly School Examinations, triennial election of Trustees, classes of appropriate School Visitors, comprehensive statistical School Reports, are the creation or results of the present Common School Act, apart from an increase of two months, or one-sixth, in the average time each year during which the Schools are kept open throughout Upper Canada, an increase of ten per cent. per annum in the attendance of pupils at the Schools, an annual increase of more than ten per cent. in the amount of moneys raised by voluntary local taxation for the salaries of Teachers; to which may be added last in order, but first in importance, an increased interest on the part of a large portion of the people of the several Districts in respect to Common School Education.

The various statistics and illustrations furnished in the General School Report for the years 1847 and 1843, (which will soon be printed) can alone do justice to the present School system; but the brief general statistics contained in the tables referred to, on pages 76 and 77, will give some idea of its operations and progress. We leave the reader to draw his own conclusions of the general working of the School system after a careful examination of those statistical tables; and we will confine ourselves in this place to two or three explanatory and general remarks.

1. The Legislative Grant, in aid of Common Schools in Upper Canada has not been increased. This is £19,500 per annum, exclusive of £1500 per annum in support of the Provincial Normal School. Whatever increase therefore there has been since 1846 in the amount of money raised for the support of Common Schools has arisen from voluntary local taxation.

2. The amount of moneys reported in the tables referred to, is for the salaries of Teachers alone-not including the expenses incurred from local Superintendence, the erection and repairs of School houses, &c. &c. The present law does not permit any part of the School Fund to be expended for any other purpose than the payment of the salaries of legally qualified Teachers.

3. It will be seen by the tables referred to, that while there has been an increase in the amount of money raised for the salaries of Teachers at the rate of nearly 40,000 dollars per annum; one-fourth of that increase will be found under the head of Municipal Assessment, three-fourths of it will be found under the head of Rate-Bills —a department of School moneys which entirely depends upon the voluntary co-operation of the Trustees and their constituents in the several School Sections.

4. It is a gratifying and encouraging fact, that over and above the amount of the Legislative Grant, and the sums raised for the salaries of local Superintendents, the erection of more than 100 School houses, the repairs of many others, &c., &c., &c., the people of Upper Canada have, in 1848, by local voluntary taxation, for the salaries of Common School Teachers alone, raised the sum of two hundred and sixty-four thousand dollars--a sum, which many of our readers will be surprised to learn, is larger in proportion to the population of Upper Canada than that raised in the same way and for the same purpose by our neighbours in the State of New-York in proportion to the population of that State.

5. It will also be observed from the tables referred to, that the number of School visits by Clergymen, Magistrates and Councillors, as authorized by the present Act, has been much larger than had been anticipated; that there has been a considerable increase of School visits in 1848 over that of 1847. There is every reason to believe that the present and subsequent years will witness a large increase of such visits. The salutary influence of them can be

easily conceived.

It is furthermore worthy of remark, that although there is a large aggregate increase of pupils in the Schools, the increase in their average attendance, [since the substitution of the Quarterly for the Day rate-bill system] is much larger than the aggregate increase. It appears from statistics in the annual reports for the years 1847 and 1848, [not contained in the tables alluded to,] that the gross average attendance of pupils in the Summer of 1847, was 84,537, in the Summer of 1848, 112,000. The gross average attendance of pupils in the Winter of 1847, was 89,991; in the Winter of 1848, 114,800.

7. We remark finally, that in every municipality in Upper Canada, with the single exception of the City of Toronto there was an increase

of School moneys in favour of 1848 over 1847. General School Reports referred to, laid before t ordered to be printed, a comparison has been inst progress and state of the Common Schools in U. of New-York; and we are persuaded that if the Canada advance in their School operations for as they have during the last two years, they but even be in advance of our New-York neighbo the Cities and Towns and in the important dep Libraries--a department which we hope the Legislature of Canada will enable us to com current year.

SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE.-We are informed th already been entered into for the erection of seve according to Designs and Plans which have be Journal. In future numbers we hope to furnish and varied plans than we have yet given. The B for the Town of London, C. W., with the appro and Council, having offered a premium for the b School-house for the accommodation of 600 childr the designs prepared by W. THOMAS, Esq., Archi We hope to insert engravings of these designs in Education. The Corporation of the Town of 1

very differently from that of the City of Toronto Common School education of their youth. In Toro Schools are yet closed, while juvenile crime increa beyond all precedent. Who is morally and sociall the crime which results from a large youthful popul shutting up the Common Schools against it?

A NATIONAL Convention OF THE FRIENDS OF C is to be held in Philadelphia, commencing on Wedne August. This Convention has been appointed Superintendents of Common Schools, by the Hon. the Rt. Rev. Dr. POTTER, and a large number of the ed Educationists in the United States. The object of is mutual consultation and deliberation by the Frie Schools and of universal Education for advancing of Popular Education throughout the Union. notice hopes to be able to avail himself of the in attend this important meeting. The holding of suc Convention in Canada would be an auspicious e attended by leading public men, irrespective of Pro Party.

T

DEXTER D'EVERARDO, Esq., Superintendent of in the Niagara District.-On the 9th ult., a pul given by the inhabitants of Fonthill to this gentl pression of their appreciation of his efficient and as District Superintendent of Common Schools. seems to have been one of interest in the pro education; and the testimony which it was intend truly merited by Mr. D'EVERARDO, whose qualifica as a School Superintendent can hardly be over est

The statistical tables on pages 76 and 771 excluded the article under the head of Science an (electro-magnetism and the electro-magnetic Tele for this number.

THE TRIUMPHS OF KNOWLEDGE.

BY LINNEUS BANKS, ESQ.

tract from an Address, delivered at the recent opening of the Mechanics' Institution, Harrogate, England. LLOW-LABORERS,-We dedicate our time, our talents, our , our influence, and our example to the great work upon we are about to enter. A work, not of danger, destruction th; but a work of fertilizing, strengthening, and adorning man mind. The pen is our weapon, books our balls, the our arsenal, lectures our councils of war, and institutions of ng our fortresses and barricades.

us equipped and sworn, like the Spartan youth, never to give nward will be our guiding star; and as the star in the east d the shepherds of old to the stable in Bethlehem, so shall word light us to the accomplishment of our wishes. The is moving onward; but toward what, must depend upon the t of knowledge which it carries with it. If the people are o travel in the dark, they will go onward to greater misery reater crimes.

e are looking forward to the advent of better days; and I e to know that the means of securing them are in operation. letter taught to lisping infancy, every newspaper furnished, school, and every institution of learning in the land, brings good time" nearer, and encourages us to persevere in sowing ure and golden seed, which, once rooted in the mind, brings beautiful and everlasting flowers.

owledge opens to the mind a better and more cheering world. roduces us to objects and glories which genius alone can porIt lifts us above the earth; it takes us around and across it, ng out and explaining matters miraculous and stupendous. It s back the dead—those who went down to their graves thouof years ago, but whose spirits still light the world.

recalls deeds and re-enacts events over and over again, as ully as though we had been eye-witnesses. It also stretches to the future. From the past to the present it ascends the staircase of time. It comprehends the possible as well as the , and furnishes histories long before they have taken place. owledge enables us to live through all time. We can tread arth from creation's dawn up to the existing moment, and e the spectators of every change it has undergone. The row of dynasties, the revolutions of empires, the triumphs and literature, and the wars and conquests with which hisroans, may all be crowded into our life's volume.

و

e experience of a day becomes the experience of an age, and E gives to man the attributes of omnipresence. From the ring Homer, who sang as never man sang before, up to peare-the bard of all time-and down to Byron, Burns, and we can sit and hold communion with every brilliant spirit, coruscations dazzle the earth.

does the desirability of knowledge rest here. It awakens mpathies, and by enlarging our desires, it multiplies them. oles the possessor to command within himself all that is comble and attractive to the eye of mankind. It brings him in t with society, and adorns him in robes more costly than can weave, or skill invent.

s his passport, his companion, his counsellor; and what is met with in this world, it is his unfailing, unflinching, unomising friend. Knowledge! the ability to acquire it is the eat gift of God to man. It is the channel through which He himself known to us. The High and Mighty One is the of all knowledge.

owledge is the bulwark of our country. It is the basis of vernment, the source of her glory, and the prop of her instis. The most illustrious men of this and other ages sprung the humbler classes of mankind, and genius does for them wealth and station cannot do for others.

owledge teaches economy, prudence, temperance, industry onesty. It points out the way to gain, and to help those who lined to pursue it. It teaches us to avoid temptation, and es us in the hour of peril. It puts money in the bank, clothes wardrobe, and delicacies in the cupboard. It provides enterents, and supplies advantages otherwise unknown. It sends , freighted, to sea; prepares and gathers in the produce of

distant lands, makes discoveries in science and shortens the distance between localities. It lights our streets, explores our mines, and enables us to transmit our thoughts to those who are hundreds of miles distant.

Without it, the faculties of the mind are paralyzed, memory is lost, perception destroyed, taste uprooted, and reflection scattered to the "winds of heaven." Without it, the body, sympathizing with the mind, loses its elasticity and elegant proportions. Without it, no man can soar above the earth, or perform one deed that shall send his name down to posterity honored and revered.

Knowledge is essential to enable us to know ourselves, to understand the relative dependencies of men upon their fellow-men, to guard against cunning, intrigue and sophistry, and to teach us how to appreciate the government of that Divine Agent whose arm encircleth the Universe. It is, likewise, necessary in business; for unless the head go with the hand, wheels may move, hammers may fall, and spades wear bright in vain. Without it, person and station are but "whited sepulchres," concealing the void and rottenness within.

Man was made for knowledge. His erect figure, his penetrating eye, and his organs of speech, all proclaim it. There are patriots who bear the brand and the sword, and patriots in name and speech; but the truest and best of patriotism is that which looks to the mental and moral, as well as the physical condition of a country, and which desires above all other things the cultivation of that intellect with which God has endowed its people.

AUTHORSHIP IN THE FREE AND SLAVE STATES OF AMERICA.

Look into Silliman's Journal, or the volumes of the American Academy of the Arts and Sciences, and inquire whence the communications come. Where live the historians of the country, Sparks, Prescott, Bancroft; the poets, Whittier, Bryant, Longfellow, Lowell; the jurists, Story, Kent, Wheaton; the classic models of writing, Channing, Everett, Irving; the female writers, Miss Sedgwick, Mrs. Sigourney, and Mrs. Child? All this proceeds from no superiority of natural endowment on the one side or inferiority on the other. The Southern States are all within what may be called "the latitudes of genius ;" for there is a small belt around the globe, comprising but a few degrees of latitude, which has produced all the distinguished men who have ever lived. I say this difference results from no difference in natural endowment. The mental endowments at the South are equal to those in any part of the world. But it comes because, in one quarter, the common atmosphere is vivified with knowledge, electric with ideas, while slavery gathers in Boeotian fogs over the other. What West Point has been to our armies in Mexico, that, and more than that, good schools would be to the intelligence and industrial prosperity of our country.-Hon. Horace Mann.

LIEBEG WHEN A BOY.

This

Liebeg was distinguished at school as a "booby," the only talent then cultivated in German schools being verbal memory. On one occasion, being sneeringly asked by the master what he proposed to become, since he was so bad a scholar, and answering that he would be a chemist, the whole school burst into a laugh of derision. Not long ago, Liebeg saw his old schoolmaster, who feelingly lamented his own former blindness. The only boy in the same school who ever disputed with Liebeg the station of "booby" was one who never could learn his lesson by heart, but was continually composing music, and writing it down by stealth in school. same individual Liebeg lately found at Vienna, distinguished as a composer, and conductor of the Imperial Opera House. I think his name is Reuling. It is to be hoped that a more rational system of school instruction is now gaining ground. Can anything be more absurd and detestable than a system which made Walter Scott and Justus Liebeg "boobies" at school, and so effectually concealed their natural talents, that, for example, Liebeg was often lectured before the whole school on his being sure to cause misery and broken hearts to his parents, while he was all the time conscious, as the above anecdote proves, of the possession of talents similar in kind to those he has since displayed.-Dr. Gregory on the character of Liebeg.