414. The general, is the agency of the States in When the federal began to be, 126, 127, 193, Of the States jointly and severally, 127, 144, "A republican form of," 151, 152, 255 et seq., Is tripartite, as devised by the convention, Is tripartite, distinct entities, coexisting and Ratification the basis for starting the new, The federal, has no coercive power over a Distinction between the consolidated and the Our form of, 48, 77, 176. The States are the real, 150, 191, 294, 299, The general, cannot be a grantee, 193, 363 Cannot be a party to the act creating it, id., State and federal governments a great politi- The personnel, have become a corporate des- All right of, is in society, 266, 273. Constituting, es. constituting society, 288, Change of, is not changing society, 289, 290. Institutions of, 297. The real, is the republics, 298. Cannot control sovereignty, 299, 360. Grades of authority in State and federal, 300, Not the object of treason or allegiance in a The real grantee is the federation or league, The special aim in forming the federal, 363. Our, according to the sons, 368. Is derivative and agential, 369, 374. As it was, 359. As it is, id. The federal, when a trespasser and perjured, A federal, with coercive powers over States A coercive, how characterized by the fede- The general, is dependent on the people's The guaranty of "a republican form of." GRANT, PRESIDENT. His phrase, "Let us Duty to States under his oath, 14, 15. The real, was the federation, id., id. Was expressly ' "the United States" eo no- In the sense of trustee or agent, id., id. GRANTS AND CONDITIONS. Object of, self- Who decides as to violations and forfeitures "Expounders," virtual admission, 358, 359. His American conflict, 315. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT THEORY. 357. Invasions of public liberty, 357, 392, 393. His view of a government of coercion, 385. Self-preservation of States, 392, 393, 395. People of the State can reject or ratify, id. On the concurrent powers of taxation, 109. The charge of consolidation, 160, 161. Shows the States forming government, not Sovereign republics constituted a federal States pre-existent and supreme; planned States not consolidated, 145, 194. As to the ratification of the Constitution, 167, The distribution of powers, 172-174. The several States as the "United States," What, and exegesis clearly prove, 274. HISTORY, AMERICAN- continued. As to sovereignty, "consent of the governed," The expounders invert, 219, 297. Shows a federation of sovereignties, 301. As to the federal pact, 346, 355, 360. State protection and preservation, 360. As to allegiance and treason, 421. HUME. Law of the State's being [note, p. 18], Consent of the governed, 291. The alleged explosion of the Social Compact The sophistical circle, 176. The subterfuge of, 50, 166, 369. The expounders' screen of, 166. And the constituting of the government, 172. The fiction as to a distribution of powers, That the States are not named in the pact, The " supreme law," 176-178. The polity partly federal, partly national, Perversion of the phrase "reserved to," 181. The obvious intent of such perversion, 183, The true versions, 183, 184. Changing terms and meanings, 188 et seq. Examination and refutation, 190 et seq. "Constitutional Compact" and "accede," Outcome of the "interpretations," 215. IREDELL, JUDGE. States sovereign in the The people make governments, 128, 129. Those in power servants and agents, id. The understanding as to ratification, id. Import of the supreme-law clause, 177. On usurpation and unconstitutional laws, id., That power which created the government ISSUES OF FACT. The people, how politi- The American polity in our history and Confounds delegating of powers with trans- JARVIS, DR. CHAS. Remarks in the Massa- JAY, JOHN. The people govern, 10. On the proposed government, id., 43, 44, 92, A "Union of States," 93, 367. The States acceded to the Union, 206. law and his functions, 381. JOHNSON, DR. [of Conn.]. States have the JOHNSON, PRESIDENT. On the right to re- Rights of the people and States assured, id. Creation of the States, existing by their will, K. KENT, CHAN. Sovereignty and lordship of KEY-NOTE. Of the acts of the States and ut- terances of the fathers, 414. KING. Change of personal, for a corporate, KING, RUFUS. Federal laws must be laid on L. LANSING, JOHN. Senators to represent the LAW, CHIEF JUSTICE. The people are the LAW, SUPREME. See under SUPREME. ral, 75, 125, 292, 383, 384. The law of the sovereign people, 323, 364. LEE, HENRY. Ratification was by States, 110. Was taught secession as a matter of law at Opposed to the policy of secession, 38. limitations, 243, 303. LIBERTY. The true principles declared by The sober vigilance American, demands, 220, LIBERTY INSTITUTIONAL. The citadel of LIEBER, PROF. The social compact, 284. His emphasis of the "Expounders'" views, 132. His plain English of the "Expounders' " How far sinned against, and sinning, 214, 215. "A State no better than a county," 215, 216. His guesses and notions, 217, 297. States are the creations of the Union, 217, Have such status and rights as the Constitu- Perverted views and ideas, 219. LIVINGSTON, CHAN. All power is derived Governments as deposits of power, 10, 11, 93. LIVINGSTON, GOV. W. Advocated the plan LORDSHIP OF THE SOIL. New York as- The American and republican idea, id., id. 344; South Carolina, 344, 345; and the LOYALTY, TRUE. Defence of one's State at Emphatic testimony of the fathers, 395, 396. M. MACLAIN, ARCH. The Constitution a mere The phrase "we, the people," id. Federal and State governments only agents By the people" is meant 13 sovereignties, Character of the Union, 43, 108, 309. Each State ratified as a sovereign, id., id. Powers reserved and those delegated, 311. Coercion of States a dissolution of compacts, A federal government of coercive powers over MADISON, JAMES-continued. its members provides for its own destruc- A State cannot be called into court, 386. Virginia bound only by her separate assent, Virginia may renounce the government, id. MARIUS. Pretending to protect the people, MARSHALL, CHIEF JUSTICE. The people Delegated power may be withdrawn, id., id, Governments the people's agents, id., id. Holders of power servants of the people, 108, Governments depending on our free will, id., On the control of the militia, 392. MARYLAND. Federalizes herself, 105. Prompt action. Terms of ratification, 106. MASON, GEO. The sovereignty of State can- On the social compact, sovereignty and gov- Champion of State Sovereignty, 55, 61, 283, The people, their substitutes and agents, id., Asserts her sovereignty, 61, 342, 343, 410, 417, 418. And right to change government at pleasure, Should again vindicate liberty, 68. Federalizes herself, 79. Date of ratification, id. Vote on ratification, id., 377. Debate in her ratifying convention, 80, 376, All her statesmen assert her sovereignty, 80 All deny and denounce consolidation, d. "We, the people," means Massachusetts, 82, Ratifying and ordaining, words of, 88. When independent, became a nation, 275. All her citizens her subjects, 418. Agitates for the adoption of the 11th amend- Absolute over her citizen soldiery, 403-405. Political action in the Union. The old faith, despite the new works, 405-407. Citizenship, allegiance, and treason, 417, 418. 596 "MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL," of doctrine, 12. INDEX. Statement Is not a school of interpretation, 52. Its sophistries on leading questions, 53, 54. Consolidation doctrine in brief, 142, 143. basis of the Constitution, 172, 173. The "school's" climax of interpretation, 176, Misstatements, sophistries, and self-over- Uniform garbling of the ratifications, 182, The motive thereof, 183, 184. Ingenuity in quotation, 185, 186. Perverting the ordinance of ratification, 188 The school's " material interests, 211, 212. Verbal jugglery, 242 et seq. 280, 315, 316. school's " teaching, Its teachings on sovereignty, 314, 315. Its teachings on State rights, 315, 316. MCKEAN, JUSTICE. On the Pennsylvania MILITIA. The State has the supreme right, A startling proposition, 403 The military force primarily contemplated, id. Massachusetts on the use and control of her No federal authority over, but by consent of The military subordinate to civil authority, MILL, J. S. The American Union, 332. The confederate republic, republic of repub- Description of a State, 65. His authority: Influence on the fathers, 347. MORRIS, GOUVERNEUR. The Constitution a compact between sovereign powers, 45, Worth of constitutional limitations, 243. enforced over States, 299, 360, 373. et seq. NEW HAMPSHIRE. Federalizes herself, 122, Unites as a sovereign State, 122. Declarations of sovereignty, rights of govern- Her ordaining words, 123. Ratification coupled with amendments, id. NEW JERSEY. Federalizes herself, 97. "We, the people," means, 98. Ratifying and ordaining words, 99. NEW YORK. On sovereignty, government, etc., 61, 62, 96. Uncle Sam in, only for her defence, 63, 340, Sovereign of her domain, 62, 96, 338, 339, 340. Terms on which federal sites are granted, 63, Federalizes herself, 92, 337, 338. Her statesmen on the proposed system, 92- Date of ratification, 92. Vote, id. "The convention declares her "understand- Ratifying and ordaining words, 95, 337. Ratifies the pact as a sovereign, id., id. Declarations of Hamilton, Jay and Living- Leagued in a confederacy of sovereign States, Rights of citizens and the federal Constitu- The United States a party to the conditions Two capacities in which the United States NORTH CAROLINA. Federalizes herself, 128 et seq. The Constitution rejected, vote, id. The sovereign will clearly demonstrated, id., The convention on the proposed federal sys- Refuses to adopt, and demands amendments, Ratifies, amendments being assured, 131, Address to Washington on the Union of the The President's reply, 132, 133. P. PACT, FEDERAL. The only parties to, are Recognizes citizens as of States, 56, 288. Significance of its possessive phrases, id., 364. Story's admission as to source of vitality and Adoption of, not a new social compact, 288. And the sovereign wills of the States, 302, Designates the system and agency, 302. A created instrumentality, 320. As to ultimate arbiter, 357, 358. United States Supreme Court, on, 358, 359, PALLADIUM. Of the citizen's private and PARSONS, THEOPHILUS. The government the result of a compact, 10, 194. In delegating, the people divest themselves of The Senate and sovereignty, 47. On sovereignty and consolidation, 81. An act of usurpation not obligatory, and not State officers bound to oppose such acts, 380, Character of the federal government, 10, 194. PATRIOTISM. Love of one's State is, 34 et That which the fathers felt and taught, 34, True, is fidelity to the commonwealth, 57, 394. PENNSYLVANIA- continued. How she confederated, id., 292. Facts in her political history, 288, 289. Her grants of federal sites and jurisdiction, PEOPLE, THE All political power is inherent Govern through representatives, 10, 11. The sovereign power resides in, and never Governments the agencies of, 10, 191, 309, "As composing thirteen sovereignties," 11, Are the States and the States the people, 11, As collective body called the State, 349. Averments of fact in regard to, 55. Their representatives are their servants, 11, Give power and can take it back, 11, 109. The fathers on, 9-11, 308, 309. Govern themselves absolutely, 37, 63, 64. As sovereign States, 37, 82, 83, 145, 273. 87. "We the people of the United States," 45, 53, Politically exist and act only as States, 55, Survival and function of their will, 73, 302. Have parted with only delegated powers, 145, 302. As commonwealths distributed powers, 181. As sovereign commonwealths and as subjects, Are the real government, 191. As organized have unlimited power of amend- Subjected according to the formula of the Superior to constitutions, 303. Have always amended, 325, 326. Recognition of, as sovereign States, 332. "The supreme sovereignty of," 390. Leading tenets, 12. The motives with the promoters of, 164. 184, Theory of, how built up, 181, 185, 186, 196, Admission touching the war and the union PINCKNEY, CHARLES. All power is from |