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"Honest John Whiting has in this work borne away the garland, and left it a choice legacy to libraries, and as a lookingglass even to learned academies."

Azure, three whitings hauriant argent, and crest, a whiting hauriant, are the armorial bearings of the family of Whittington.

THE LING.

This valuable species of sea-fish was an article of commercial importance in England as early as the reign of Edward III, when the price was regulated. The ports of Spain are the principal markets supplied with salted and dried ling. Argent, on a fess dancetté azure, three lings' heads erased or, are the arms of the family of Caldwell of Staffordshire.

Few other instances are probably to be found of the application of this fish as an heraldic bearing.

THE BURBOT.

The Burbot is a species of ling, but lives in fresh water; it is found in the river Cam, as well as in several rivers of Norfolk, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, and Durham. The Trent also produces the burbot.

The habits of the burbot are not unlike those of the eel, and, from its lurking and hiding itself in holes like the rabbit, it is called the coney-fish, whence it was doubtless assumed, with the coney, in the arms of Bishop Cheney, as a pun on his name. These are here given impaled with those of the see of Gloucester, created by King Henry VIII. in the year 1542, who endowed

the bishopric with the revenues of the monastery, founded in honour of Saint Peter at Gloucester, the church of which he ordained should be for ever the cathedral of the see. The arms

of the bishopric were composed from the emblem of the patron saint, azure, two keys in saltier or.

Argent, on a chevron azure, a coney courant between two burbot or coney-fish hauriant of the field, on a chief chequy argent and azure, a rose. gules, were the arms of Richard Cheney, Bishop of Gloucester, who died in 1578, and is buried in the cathedral.

In the reign of Edward VI. Richard Cheney was Archdeacon of Hereford, but was deprived of his preferment in Queen Mary's time for upholding the opinions of Luther. After the accession of Elizabeth he was made a prebendary of Westminster, and in 1562 was consecrated Bishop of Gloucester, with liberty to hold the see of Bristol in commendam.

IX.

The Sole, Turbot, Plaice, and Flounder.

The Sole inhabits the sandy shores all round England, but those of the southern and western coasts are much larger and superior fish. From its delicate taste, the sole is termed "the partridge of the sea."

Argent, a chevron gules between three soles hauriant, within a border engrailed sable, are the arms of the family of Soles of Brabane, in Cambridgeshire.⁕

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Vert, a chevron between three soles naiant or, are the arms of Soley of Shropshire. The heiress of a branch of this family married Randal Holme of Chester, deputy of Norroy King of Arms, and author of "The Academy of Armoury," 1688. The arms of Soley are sculptured on his monument in Saint Mary's Church, Chester, where he was interred in 1700. Per pale or and gules, a chevron counter-changed between three soles azure and argent, are the arms of the family of Soley of Worcestershire. Gules, three soles naiant argent, are the arms of the family of De Soles.

The whiff or carter of Cornwall is a species of sole, less esteemed it keeps on sandy ground, at no great distance from land, and is caught as often as any of the salt-water flat-fish. Sable, a chevron ermine, between three carter-fish hauriant argent, are the arms of the family of Carter of London, assumed evidently as a play upon the name.

* Guillim.

THE TURBOT.

The Turbot, one of the best, as well as one of the largest of the flat-fish, is found on all parts of the coast of Great Britain. On the shores of Yorkshire and Durham a very considerable fishery for turbot is carried on by the fishermen of Scarborough and Hartlepool; but preference is generally given to the Dutch, the finest of which are supposed to be taken on the Flemish banks. Azure, three turbots argent, finned or, are the arms of the ancient family of Turbutt of York. There is a monument in the church of Saint Michael Ouse Bridge for William Turbutt, who died in 1648; another William Turbutt was Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1710.

These arms are found also on an engraved brassplate in Feliskirk Church, near Thirsk; which bears a Latin inscription in memory of William Turbutt of Mount Saint John, who died 13 April 1673. Mount Saint John is the site of a preceptory of the Knights Hospitallers of Saint John of Jerusalem, founded by Algernon Percy in the beginning of the reign of Henry I. Argent, three turbots naiant, are the arms of the family of Tar

butt of Scotland; and argent, three turbots fretted, are the arms of Tarbutt of Middlesex.

A turbot naiant azure is the crest of the family of Kidley of Devonshire; and a demi-turbot erect, tail upwards, gules, is the crest of the family of Lawrence; and was so borne by the late Sir Thomas Lawrence, President of the Royal Academy.

Milton has a beautiful sonnet to "Lawrence, of virtuous father virtuous son." The father was Henry Lawrence, President of the council of the Protector, created a peer in 1657. He was allied to Cromwell, and, after the death of Oliver, proclaimed Richard Cromwell his successor. He died in 1664, and was buried in the chapel of Saint Margaret at Stansted le Thele, in Hertfordshire, where his arms, a cross raguly, impaling those of Peyton, and the crest, a demi-turbot, are sculptured on his tomb.

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John Lawrence of Ramsey, in Huntingdonshire, in the reign of Henry VIII, was the ancestor of the family at Saint Ives, in the same county, of which Sir John Lawrence, the father of the President of the Council, was knighted at Windsor by King James I. previously to the coronation. It is from one of the younger sons of the President that the Lawrence family of Studley Park, and Hackfall in Yorkshire, are descended.

The Lawrences of Ashton Hall, in Lancashire, are of very early origin. That estate has passed through heiresses from them to the Butlers of Rawcliff; from the Butlers to the Ratcliffs of Wimersley; and from them to the Gerards of Bromley; and Ashton Hall, through the heiress of the last Lord Gerard, descended to the Duke of Hamilton, K.G., who was created Duke of Brandon in 1711.

Another branch of the Lawrence family was seated at Hertingfordbury in the reign of Henry VII, and became allied to the great and illustrious, to the ambitious Dudley, Duke of Northumberland; to the Earls of Warwick; to Lord Guildford Dud

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