accept if nominated, and I will not serve if elected," and no one doubted his word. The only honor which a grateful Nation could persuade him to accept was appointment to the head of the army.

Victorious in war, he was magnanimous in peace. Charitable to his focs; generous to his soldiers; loyal to his friends and faithful to home and country, his character no less than his mighty deeds entitle him to imperishable fame and place him among "the immortal few who were not born to die."

Horace Mann.

To the air of "The Red, White and Blue," the procession marched to the Teacher's Section of the Colonnade, where a platform was placed immediately back of the space devoted to Horace Mann. The Chancellor said:

The plan of the Hall of Fame includes the placing upon the parapet above each bronze tablet either a statue of bronze of the famous American commemorated by the tablet or his portrait bust in bronze raised upon a pedestal. To-day, for the first, a beginning is made in carrying out this plan by the acceptance of a portrait bust of Horace Mann given in the name of the Teachers of America and set upon a pedestal of Milford, Mass., granite, quarried a short journey from the birthplace of this famous teacher. The unveiling of this bust is assigned to the National Educational Association, which is represented here to-day by two of its ex-presidents, Dr. William H. Maxwell, of New York City, and Dr. J. M. Green, of Trenton, N. J. I have the honor of introducing as its speaker, Doctor Maxwell.

Doctor Maxwell said:

Whether we regard the immediate effects of the work of Horace Mann while he lived, or their indirect results which endure to the present hour, his achievements accomplished in the face of extraordinary difficulties mark him as one of the foremost benefactors of the human race. His youth was tried in the furnace of hard manual labor, of poverty, of sickness, of scant opportunities for education. In his manhood he had to do battle with the lukewarmness of friends and the abuse of enemies, the

jealousies of political powers and of religious denominations, the opposition of private interests and the deep-rooted conservatism of the masses. But the burning zeal of the missionary, the clear vision and straight thinking of the statesman, that were born in him, triumphed over every obstacle. As a member of the Legislature of Massachusetts, he devoted himself to the amelioration of the lives of those unfortunates who are bereft of the light of reason, and the State Asylum at Worcester was the result. As a Member of Congress his voice was raised in the anti-slavery cause against the extension of slavery to the Territories. As a college president he established the propriety of coeducation of the sexes. But it is in his work for the public schools that we find his most exalted title to fame and his most enduring service to the human race. The twelve years during which he held the office of secretary to the Massachusetts Board of Education are the most momentous years in the history of American education. The schools of Massachusetts had fallen from the high estate in which they had been established by the Puritan and Pilgrim fathers, until they had come to be regarded as fit only for the children of those who could not pay for education in private institutions. The teachers were all untrained and the majority of them ignorant; the methods of teaching were memoriter and mechanical to the last degree; the discipline was cruel and inhuman; and the administration machinery crude and unbusinesslike. With no resource but confidence in the righteousness of his cause, with no help but the support that came from a board of education which had power neither of initiative nor of constraint, he established the schools of the Commonwealth on a firm foundation and restored them to the people of Massachusetts, high and low, rich and poor alike.

He heard the bitter cry of the children, and he waged relentless war on the pedant who knows no means of discipline but through the rod and no way of teaching but through the memory. He saw the schools were languishing through lack of adequate support and he invoked the taxing power of the State to come to their rescue. He recognized the fact that intellectual vigor without ethical principle and physical health is dangerous alike to the State and to the individual; and he advocated ethical

training and laid the foundation of the now prevalent system of physical training. He saw that if the public schools are to do their perfect work and subserve the purposes of a noble democracy, the teachers must be trained to teach; and he secured the establishment of the first American Normal School at Lexington. And the voice that cried from the State House in Boston was a voice "heard round the world." It reverberates in every schoolroom in America and its influence is felt to the remotest corners of the earth.

What was the secret of Horace Mann's power?" I have faith,” he wrote on the day he accepted office, "in the improvability of the race in their accelerating improvability." The secret of his power was a sublime faith in the virtue of the people's schools, rightly managed and rightly taught to raise the American people to high and ever higher levels of usefulness and virtue. As men died at Gettysburg that government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth, so Horace Mann lived in Massachusetts.

Upon the close of Superintendent Maxwell's address, the Students' Glee Club of New York University sang their college song, "The Palisades" of which both the words and the music were the composition of an undergraduate student.

John Greenleaf Whittier.

Then to the air of "Yankee Doodle" the procession moved to the Author's Corner, where a platform stood against the Hall of Languages. The Chancellor said:

The One Hundred Electors have added to the four authors enrolled by them in 1900, two new names. The first of these in point of age is John Greenleaf Whittier, who was born 100 years ago. The unveiling of the bronze tablet bearing his name is assigned to "The Peace Society" which is represented here to-day by the appointment of the President, Andrew Carnegie, by Dr. Benjamin F. Trueblood, Secretary of the American Peace Society, and by Albert J. Smiley, Founder of the Lake Mohonk Arbitration Conference. I have the honor of introducing as their speaker, Doctor Trueblood.

Doctor Trueblood said:

Whittier was the Poet of Peace because more than any other American he was the poet of Moral Force. He never wrote for Art's sake, as Longfellow did; nor for the amusement of it, as Holmes often wrote; nor to embellish some philosophic thought, like Emerson; nor to surprise and stun, as Lowell seems sometimes to have done. His pen was always tipped with moral principle — not abstract principles, but the live, warm principles of ordinary human life, with its sufferings, its rights, and its possible high destinies. Here, in men, everything with him centered. No one ever had a deeper, clearer conception of the intrinsic value of men, nor of the sacredness and inviolability of their persons and their rights. This made him the unalterable foe of everything that injured men or sacrificed their liberties. Thus his fine poetic gift was turned to the support of everything that blesses, and against everything that curses.

He opposed war for the same reason that he opposed slavery, because of its cruelties, its injustices, and the base and ignoble passions out of which it springs, or always arouses. As he would not have held a slave for any earthly consideration, so he would not have killed a man to save a race or even a nation. To have done so would have been to sacrifice the most binding and cherished moral principles that inspired and guided his life. He not only held war to be always wrong, but he also held moral principles-truth to be the unfailing and speediest weapons for the overthrow of iniquity and the establishment of justice, if they were only faithfully used. Thus he sang of peace as the greatest glory of man, and of "the light, the truth, the love of heaven" as the weapons divinely appointed for the conquest of the world.

In "The Peace Convention at Brussels," in "Disarmament," in the "Christmas Carmen," and in lines and stanzas here and there in many other poems this marvelous poet of Moral Force bids us,

* *

grasp the weapons He has given, The Light, and Truth, and Love of Heaven,"

"Sing out the war-vulture and sing in the dove,"

"Lift in Christ's name His Cross against the sword,"

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and inspires our hope and courage in the great war against war" with the sublime prophcey of disarmament, when

"Evil shall cease, and Violence pass away

And the tired world breathe free through a long Sabbath day.”

James Russell Lowell.

The Chancellor said:

The second in point of age of the two famous authors is James Russell Lowell, who was born eighty-nine years ago. The unveiling of the tablet bearing his name is assigned to the National Arts Club, which is represented to-day by Dr. Richard Watson Gilder, Dr. Charles Henry Babcock and Emerson McMillin. I have the honor of introducing as their speaker, Doctor Babcock.

The Rev. Dr. Babcock said:

So wide the field of Truth which Lowell reaped,
We scarce can miss the fruitage of his power.
To estimate his harvest as a whole

Would be for us, to-day, impossible.

We, therefore, pick and choose from Truth he taught
One phase of it much needed in our time,-

A time of courage, and of cowardice;

A time in which brave deeds and fortitude,

In any cause men undertake, are greatly praised,
And yet, a time of seeking soft refuge

From the hurts and woes of life,

Even to the verge of denying that they are

We pick, I say, for this time from Lowell's sheaf

The truth, that rightly to endure is not merely to be brave,

But 'tis to clarify and sublimate our lives;

Not to deny that suffering does exist;

Not to declare there's no such thing as pain;

Not thus to seek to hide from hurt;

But to perceive and say,

That those who suffer most, and best,

Have souls ennobled by the touch of pain;

They face the world, like Moses,