to Prisoners.-Exchanges, how made.-Answer of General Grant.-Request
of United States Congress.-Result.-Commissioners sent.-Agreement.—
Disputed Points.-Exchange arranged.-Order to pillage issued.-General
Pope's Order.-Proceedings.-Letter of General Lee relative to Barbari-
ties.-Answer of General Halleck.-Case of Mumford.-Effect of Threat-
ened Retaliation.—Mission of Vice-President Stephens.-A Failure.-Ex-
cess of Prisoners.-Paroled Men.-Proposition made by us.-No Answer.
-Another Arrangement.-Stopped by General Grant.-His words, "Put
the Matter offensively."-Exchange of Slaves.-Proposition of Lee to
Grant.-Reply of Grant. Further Reply.-His Dispatch to General Butler.
-Another Proposition made by us.-No Answer.-Proposition relative to
Sick and Wounded.-Some exchanged.-The Worst Cases asked for to
be photographed.-Proposition as to Medicines.-No Answer.-A Finel
Effort.-Deputation of Prisoners sent to Washington.-A Failure.-Cor-
respondence between Ould and Butler.-Order of Grant.-Report of Butler.
-Responsibility of Grant for Andersonville.-Barbarities of the United
States Government.-Treatment of our Men in Northern Prisons.-Deaths
on Each Side

PAGE

580

CHAPTER L.

Subjugation the Object of the Government of the United States.-The only
Terms of Peace offered to us.—Rejection of all Proposals.-Efforts of the
Enemy.-Appearance of Jacques and Gilmore at Richmond.-Proposals.—
Answer.-Commissioners sent to Canada.-The Object.-Proceedings.-
Note of President Lincoln.-Permission to visit Richmond granted to
Francis P. Blair.-Statement of my Interview with him.-My Letter to him.
-Response of President Lincoln.-Three Persons sent by me to an In-
formal Conference. Their Report.-Remarks of Judge Campbell.-Oath
of President Lincoln.-The Provision of the Constitution and his Procla-
mation compared.—Reserved Powers spoken of in the Constitution.—
What are they, and where do they exist?-Terms of Surrender offered to

our Soldiers

General Sherman leaves Savannah.-His March impeded.-Difficulty in collect-
ing Troops to oppose him.-The Line of the Salkehatchie.-Route of the
Enemy's Advance.-Evacuation of Columbia.-Its Surrender by the Mayor.
-Burning the City.—Sherman responsible.-Evacuation of Charleston.—
The Confederate Forces in North Carolina.-General Johnston's Estimate.
-General Johnston assigned to the Command.-The Enemy's Advance
from Columbia to Fayetteville, North Carolina.-"Foraging Parties.”—
Sherman's Threat and Hampton's Reply.-Description of Federal "Treas-
ure-Seekers" by Sherman's Aide-de-Camp.-Failure of Johnston's Projected
Attack at Fayetteville.-Affair at Kinston.-Cavalry Exploits.-General

PAGE

Johnston withdraws to Smithfield.-Encounter at Averysboro.-Battles of
Bentonville.-Union of Sherman's and Schofield's Forces.-Johnston's Re-
treat to Raleigh

625

CHAPTER LII.

Siege of Petersburg.-Violent Assault upon our Position.-A Cavalry Expedi-
tion.-Contest near Ream's Station.-The City invested with Earthworks.
-Position of the Forces.-The Mine exploded, and an Assault made.-
Attacks on our Lines.-Object of the Enemy.-Our Strength.-Assault on
Fort Fisher.-Evacuation of Wilmington.-Purpose of Grant's Campaign.
-Lee's Conference with the President.-Plans.-Sortie against Fort Stead-
man. Movements of Grant farther to Lee's right.-Army retires from
Petersburg. The Capitulation.-Letters of Lee

CHAPTER LIII.

. . 637

General Lee advises the Evacuation of Richmond.-Withdrawal of the Troops.
The Naval Force.-The Conflagration in Richmond.-Telegram of Lee to
the President.-The Evacuation complete.-The Charge of the Removal
of Supplies intended for Lee's Army.-The Facts.-Arrangement with
General Lee.-Proclamation.-Reports of Scouts

CHAPTER LIV.

Invitation of General Johnston to a Conference.-Its Object.-Its Result.-
Provisions on the Line of Retreat.-Notice of President Lincoln's Assas-
sination. Correspondence between Johnston and Sherman.-Terms of the
Convention.-Approved by the Confederate Government.—Rejected by the
United States Government.-Instructions to General Johnston.-Disobeyed.
-Statements of General Johnston.-His Surrender.-Movements of the
President South.-His Plans.--Order of General E. K. Smith to his Sol-
diers. Surrender.-Numbers paroled.-The President overtakes his Fam-
ily. His Capture.-Taken to Hampton Roads, and imprisoned in Fortress
Monroe

1 661

678

CHAPTER LV.

Number of the Enemy's Forces in the War.-Number of the Enemy's Troops
from Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, and Tennessee.-Cruel Conduct of the
War.-Statements in 1862.-Statements in 1863.-Emancipation Procla-
mation.-Statements in 1864.-General Hunter's Proceedings near Lynch-
burg. Cruelties in Sherman's March through South Carolina

CHAPTER LVI.

Final Subjugation of the Confederate States.-Result of the Contest.-A Simple
Process of Restoration.-Rejected by the United States Government.-A

705

Forced Union.-The President's Proclamation examined.-The Guarantee,
not to destroy.-Provisional Governors.-Their Duties.-Voters.-First
Movement made in Virginia.—Government set up.-Proceedings.—Action
of So-called Legislature.-Constitutional Amendment.-Case of Dr. Wat-
son-Civil Rights Bill.-Storm brewing.-Congress refuses to admit Sen-
"Reconstruction.”—
ators and Representatives to Seats.-Committee on
Freedmen's Bureau.-Report of Committee.-Fourteenth Amendment to
the Constitution.-Extent of Ratification.-Another Step taken by Con-
gress-Military Commanders appointed over Confederate States, with Un-
limited Powers.-Reconstruction by the Bayonet.-Course of Proceedings
required.-Two Governments for Each State.-Major-Generals appointed.
-Further Acts of Congress.-Proceedings commenced by the Major-Gen-
eral at Richmond.—Civil Governor appointed.-Military Districts and Sub-
districts.-Registration.-So-called State Convention.-So-called Legisla
ture.-Its Action.—Measures required by Congress for the Enfranchisement
of Negroes adopted by the So-called Legislature.-Assertion of Senator
Garret Davis.-State represented in Congress .

CHAPTER LVII.

PAGE

718

Final Subjugation of the Confederate States (continued).-Slaves declared free
by Military Commanders in North Carolina.-Provisional Governor.-Con-
vention.―Military Commander.-Governor-elect turned out.-His Protest.
-Members of Congress admitted.-Proceedings in South Carolina.-Arrest
of Judge Aldrich.—Military Reversal of Sentence of the Court.-Post Com-
manders. Jurors.-Proceedings in Georgia.-President's Plan.—Plan of
Congress enforced.-Other Events.-Proceedings in Florida.-Rival Con-
ventions.-Plan of Congress enforced.-Proceedings in Alabama.—Suspen-
sion of Bishop Wilmer by the Military Commander.-Military Authority.—
Action of Congress.-Proceedings in Mississippi.-Constitutionality of the
Act of Congress before the Supreme Court.-Remarks of Chief-Justice
Chase-Military Arrests.-Removals.-The Chief-Justice of the State re-
signs.-The So-called Constitution rejected.-Ames appointed Governor.-
Proceedings in Louisiana.-Plan of Congress enforced.-Other Measures.
—Arkansas.—Texas.—Opinion of the United States Attorney-General on
Military Commanders.-Consequences that followed the Measures of Con-
-gress.-Increase in State Debts.-Increase in Frauds and Crimes.-Ex-
amples.-Investigating Committees of Congress.-The Unalienable Rights
of Man.-The Sovereignty of the People and the Supremacy of Law gone. 737

BATTLE-FIELD OF FORT DONELSON .

MAP USED BY THE Confederate Generals at ShiLOH

BATTLE OF SHILOH

PORT HUDSON

OPERATIONS IN GEORGIA AND TENNESSEE
FORT FISHER

PETERSBURG

RETREAT FROM RICHMOND AND PEetersburg
OPERATIONS IN GEORGIA AND SOUTH CAROLINA

BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG