ABERDEEN, Lord, British Secretary for
Foreign Affairs, on abolition of sla-
very in Texas, 300.
Adams, Charles Francis, minister to
Great Britain, appointment of, 360;
on British proclamation of neutral-
ity, 366; his action on intervention,
381; his action as to Confederate
cruisers built in England, 384, 389;
on the effect of the emancipation
proclamation in England, 392; on
private agents, 399; his invaluable
services in London, 399; his efforts
for the adjustment of claims against
Great Britain for lax observance of
neutrality, 422.

Adams, John, commissioner to France,

7; views of foreign policy, 9, 19,
20; acquiring French, 10; his draft
treaty with France, 19; on Frank-
lin's trouble with his colleagues, 37;
negotiation of treaty with Holland,
43, 47; affronts Vergennes, minister
of France, 44; his view of diplo-
matic conduct, 46; diary on nego-
tiations in Holland read in Congress,
48; on Franklin's duties in France,
52; criticism of French minister on
his appointment to negotiate with
Great Britain, and result, 54; arrives
in Paris and supports Jay against
Franklin, 63; letter to Morris on
treaty, 70; on Canada, 75; on in-
structions of Congress, 80; jealousy
of Franklin, 84; criticism of Jay,
84; Jefferson on, 84; minister to
England, 94; attacked by Paine,
145; as President, 176-184; action
in negotiations with France, 178;
causes dissension in Federalist party,
179; on his son's ambition for the
presidency, 250.

Adams, John Quincy, on executive

66

powers under the Constitution, 117;
attacked by Jefferson as author of
"Publicola," 145; on crisis of Jay
treaty, 1794, 161; commissioner to
negotiate peace with Great Britain,
243; Secretary of State under Mon-
roe, and sketch of, 250; defense of
Jackson's invasion of Florida, 260;
on the treaty of 1819 for the cession
of Florida, 262; negotiates treaty of
1824 with Russia, 265; contest and
election to presidency, 268; Henry
Clay as Secretary of State and the
corrupt bargain" charge, 268; on
Webster's proposed mission to Great
Britain, 296; on territorial expan-
sion, 309; his tragic death, 319; his
draft of the Monroe Doctrine, 443;
his view of Canning's proposal as to
the doctrine, 450; his last expres-
sion as to the doctrine, 455.
Adams, Samuel, on committee on diplo-
matic ceremonial, 32.
Agents. See Private agents.
Alabama, the, Confederate cruiser,
built in England, 385; debate in
Parliament on escape of, 388; denial
of Great Britain for responsibility
on account of, 422; settlement of
claims for, and other cruisers, 423,
427.

Alaska, cession of, steps leading to,

404; negotiations for, 406; transfer
of, 407; debate in Congress on the
bill to execute the treaty, 407; mo-
tive of Russia for the cession of,
408; object of Secretary Seward in,
409.

Albert, prince consort, his advice to
the queen on the Trent affair, 369.
Alliance, treaty of, with France, 30.
Ambrister, British subject, executed in
Florida by General Jackson, 259.

Ames, Fisher, on inauguration of Wash- |
ington, 137; great speech on power
of the House over a treaty, 169; on
Madison, 186.

Aranda, Count de, Spanish minister in
Paris, on independence of the col-
onies, 42; on the future of the
United States, 71.
Arbitration of the northeastern bound-
ary, by the king of the Netherlands,
282; of the Alabama and other
questions by the Geneva tribunal,
424; of the British - Venezuela
boundary, 473.

Arbuthnot, British subject, executed
in Florida by order of General Jack-
son, 259.

Argyll, Duke of, friendly to the Union
during the Civil War, 374; on the
emancipation proclamation, 395.
Arms, sale of, to belligerents, 15.
Articles of Confederation. See Con-
federation.

Ashburton, Lord, British special pleni-
potentiary on northeast boundary,
282; Palmerston's attack on, be-
cause of his American wife, 283;
his relation to "The Battle of the
Maps," 285.

Astor, John Jacob, establishes a trad-

ing post on the Columbia River,
304; Jefferson's letter to, 310.
Atlantic cable, laid in 1866, its effect
on diplomacy, 403.

Bayard, James A., commissioner to ne-
gotiate peace with Great Britain in
1814, 243.
Beaumarchais, Caron de, his character

and services to the Colonies, 11; let-
ter to the king, 14; fictitious firm
of, 14; claims settled by Congress,
16; carries news of Burgoyne's sur-
render to the court, 30.
Belmont, August, his interview with
Lord Palmerston, 373.
Benton, Thomas H., on the Clay-Ran-
dolph duel, 269; on "Fifty-four
forty, or fight," 308; on territorial
expansion, 310; opposition to the
Mexican War, 316.

Berlin Decree. See Blockade.
Bernadotte, General, of France, to

take possession of Louisiana, 191.
Black, Jeremiah S., Secretary of State
under Buchanan, his circular to
diplomatic representatives on recog-
nition, 359.

Blackstone, influence of his Commen-
taries in formation of the Federal
Constitution, 105,

Black Warrior, the case of the,
seized by Spanish authorities in
Havana, 343.

Blaine, James G., Secretary of State,
on the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, 457;
his circular on the exclusive control
by the United States of an isthmus
canal, 463; his proposition to Great
Britain for amendment of the Clay-
ton-Bulwer treaty, 465.

Blockade, the principles of, involved
in the war of 1812 with Great
Britain, 236; Berlin Decrees and
Orders in Council, 238; of Southern
ports during the Civil War, 365,
376.

Boudinot, Elias, President of Congress,
on treaty of 1782-83, 70.
Boundaries, with Great Britain, in
treaty of 1782–83, 55, 63, 64, 79,
82; treaty of 1842 and northeast,
282; treaty of 1864 and Oregon,
302-309; treaty of 1871 and San
Juan de Fuca, 424.

Boundary. See Boundaries with Great
Britain; Oregon; Texas.
Bribery, British, during the Revolu-
tion, 27.

Bright, John, on Seward, 364; friendly
to the Union during the Civil War,
375; speech to the trades-unions,
377; his part in the parliamentary
debate on escape of the Alabama,
388.

Brougham, Lord, on the promulgation
of the Monroe Doctrine, 448.
Bryce, James, on war powers of the
President, 117.

Buchanan, James, Secretary of State
under Polk, 303; negotiation of the
Oregon boundary settlement, 303;
treaty of peace with Mexico drafted
by, 318; his other services as secre-
tary, 323; his embarrassment as
minister in London on diplomatic
dress circular, 340; joins in Ostend
Manifesto, 345; elected President,
349; efforts for purchase of Cuba,
349; proposed intervention in Mex-
ico, 355; evasive message of 1860
by, 358; his resolution on the Mon-
roe Doctrine and Panama Congress,
453.

Burgoyne's surrender, effect of, in
Europe, 30, 52.

Cabinet, no provision in the Constitu-

tion for, 120; how it grew into
recognized existence, 125.
Cable. See Atlantic Cable.
Calhoun, John C., advocate of the war

of 1812, 240; Secretary of State
under Tyler, 297; his part in the
annexation of Texas, 297; postpones
Oregon boundary negotiations, 302;
opposition to the Mexican War, 316;
his view of the Monroe Doctrine,
455.

Canada, Franklin's proposition, in 1782,
to include in United States, 59, 74;
Washington on French occupation
of, 75; Adams on, 75; secret mis-
sion to New England sent from, 241;
insurrection of 1837-38 in, 280; re-
ciprocity with, treaty of 1854, 337;
Seward on the destiny of, 409; Sum-
ner on withdrawal of British flag
from, 428.

Canning, George, British Minister of
Foreign Affairs, proposition to Mr.
Rush respecting the Spanish-Amer-
ican colonies, 442; the share of credit
due him for the Monroe Doctrine,
448.

Caroline, the case of the, 280, 287.
Cass, Lewis, attacks Webster on right
of search and impressment, 288;
opposition to Oregon treaty, 308;
Secretary of State under Buchanan,
349; action in securing final aban-
donment of British claim of right of
search, 352; secures the abolition of
Danish Sound dues, 353; resigna-
tion as secretary, 359.

Catacazy, Constantine, Russian minis-
ter, his bad conduct, and suspension
of intercourse with, 432.
Chase, Salmon P., Secretary of the
Treasury, on the Trent affair, 371;

his relation to a secret mission to
purchase Confederate ironclads, 397.
Chatham, Lord, opposition to inde-
pendence, 53.

Chesapeake, United States frigate,
case of, 237.

China, establishment of diplomatic re-

lations with, 289; policy of our re-
lations with, 291; as to the opium
trade, 291; joint action with other
powers as to, 291; return of portion
of claims indemnity, 292; imperial
embassy visits America and Europe,
415; Chinese laborers in the United
States, 416.

Civil War, the, chap. x. British sym-
pathy for Confederacy during, 357;
conviction in Europe that the Union
was destroyed by, 358, 380; friends
of the Union in England, 375; Rus-
sian friendship during, 405.
Claims. See Spoliation Claims, French.
Clay, Henry, advocate of the war of

1812, 240; appointed peace com-
missioner, 243; Secretary of State
under J. Q. Adams and " corrupt
bargain charge, 268; his habits,
269; busy term as secretary, 270;
declined Harrison's offer of Secre-
taryship of State, 281; opposition
to Mexican War, 316.
Clayton, John M., Secretary of State
under Taylor, 325; negotiation of
Clayton-Bulwer treaty, 326, 456.
Cleveland, President Grover, with-

draws the Nicaragua Canal treaty
from the Senate, 466; his special
message on the application of the
Monroe Doctrine to the Venezuela
boundary controversy, 471.
Cobden, Richard, on Seward, 363;
friendly to the Union during the
Civil War, 375.

Cole, Senator, his relation to the ces-
sion of Alaska, 405.

Collier, Sir Robert, his legal opinion
as to Confederate cruisers, 385, 399.
Columbia, ship, Captain Gray com-
manding, first American vessel cir-
cumnavigating the globe, 150; first
entered Columbia River, 304.
Committee of Foreign Affairs, ap-
pointment of, in 1774-75, 4; letter
commending John Paul Jones to
American commissioners in Paris,
51.

Confederacy. See Southern Confed-

eracy.

Confederation, Articles of, defects of,
as to foreign relations, 99, 103; Jay
on, 100.
Congress of the United States, power
to nullify a treaty, 115; power to
annex territory by joint resolution,
116; necessity of coöperation with

the President in foreign affairs, 120;
power of the House as to execution
of a treaty, 167, 407.
Constitution of the United States, divi-
sion of powers as to international
affairs, 104; possible conflict of
those powers, 114; J. Q. Adams on
powers of executive under, 117;
makes no provision for a cabinet,
120; provision as to departments,
121; adoption of, effect on finances
and foreign commerce, 150; power
under, to annex foreign territory,
198, 200.

Cooley, Judge, on omission in Consti-
tution of provision for a cabinet,

121.

Cornwallis, surrender of, effect on ne-
gotiations, 56.

Correspondence, diplomatic, difficulty
of maintaining, during the Revolu-
tion, 26.

Cotton, strange provision in treaty of
1794 as to exportation of, 166; in-
vention of the cotton gin and its
effects, 166; how it affected Brit-
ish sentiment during the Civil War,
375.

Craig, Sir James, governor of Canada,

sends a secret agent to New England,

241.

Crampton, John F. T., British minis-
ter, his dismissal for violation of
neutrality laws, 347.

Creole the case of the, facts stated,
and its settlement, 287.
Crimean War, the, efforts of the Brit-

ish minister and consuls to secure
enlistments for, 347.

Cruisers, Confederate, built in Eng-
land, 384; Mr. Adams's action rela-
tive to, 385; their damage to Amer-
ican commerce, 386; the ironclad
rams, 387; detention of ironclads,
390; secret mission respecting, 397.
Cuba, filibustering expeditions into,
326; proposition of England and
France for joint guarantee to Spain,
327; seizure of the Black War-
rior in Havana, 343; effort of Pre-
sident Pierce to purchase, and
Ostend Manifesto, 345; Buchanan's
renewed efforts, 349; insurrection
in, 418; application of the Monroe
Doctrine to, 451, 458.

Dallas, George M., minister to Eng-

land under Buchanan, his interview

with Russell, Minister of Foreign
Affairs, 360, 365, 372.

Damages, for mob violence. See, New
Orleans mob.

Dana, Francis, minister to Russia, 7 ;
not received, 50.

Danish sound dues, the, history of,

and part the United States took in

their abolition, 353.

Davis, Jefferson, his first appearance
in Congress, 317.

Dayton, Senator, on acquisition of ter-
ritory from Mexico, 323.
Deane, Silas, agent in France, 10;
promises of supplies, 13; proposes
presents to queen, 18; joint com-
missioner to France, 20; Adams's
diary on, 37; recalled, 39; later ca-
reer and disgrace, 40.

Decatur, Commodore, his expedition
to the Barbary States, 207.
Declaration of Independence, effect on

foreign relations of the Colonies, 8;
its influence on the destiny of na-
tions, 438.

Declaration of Paris, the four rules of
the, Marcy's proposed amendment
of, 93, 347; action of the United
States on, during the Civil War, 367.
Department of Foreign Affairs, estab-

lished 1781, 5; officials and expenses
of, 6; state of in 1784, 97.
Department of State, act of Congress
first created Department of For-
eign Affairs, 123; subsequent act
changed name to Department of
State, and fixed duties of, 124; duties
attached not diplomatic, 128; growth
and cost of, 130; division of business
of, 132; publications of, 134; its
needs, 134.

Diplomacy, definition of, 1; etymology
of, 2; practice of appointing special
envoys, 160; Washington on Mon-
roe's violation of practice, 176; effect
of Atlantic cable on, 403; influence
of American diplomacy on interna-
tional law, 437. See Diplomatic ser-
vice.

Diplomatic service, of Revolutionary
period, 4, 101; Adams's view of, 46;
influence of parsimony of Congress
on, 140.

Disarmament on the Great Lakes, ar-
rangement for, 252.

Dress, diplomatic, circular of Secre-
tary Marcy on, 339; law of Con-
gress on, 341.