secution, 198, 199; go to Holland,
200; reject ordination by bishops,
203; persecute in turn in Massachu-
setts, 311, 312; peculiarities of, 316,
817; people supreme in everything,
317, 318; exclusion of dissenters ne-
cessary, 319; sever themselves from
all old customs, 319, 320; consequent
effects upon the people, 321; danger
to, from the restoration of the Stuarts,
322; lose power in England, strong
in New England, 350.

Putnam, Israel, second lieutenant (1755),
ii. 436; major, 486; falls among the
savages, 491; as to number of men
for resistance, iii. 173; in Boston, iv.
47, 48; courage of, 57; hurries to
the field (April, 1775), 170; brigadier-
general, 175; bold and active, 213;
visits Prescott on Breed's Hill, 217,
218; active and energetic, 222; takes
possession of Prospect Hill, 228;
elected major-general by congress,
234; on Long Island, New York, v.
28; rash order to Stirling, 30; disas-
ter following due to, 33; division of,
retreats, 45; at Philadelphia, 88;
thinks ill of Washington's proposed
expedition, 95; ordered by Washing-
ton to send troops, 181; bungling
work of, 185, 186; improper conduct
toward Washington, 197; plan of, for
colonizing Ohio, vi. 81.
Putnam, Rufus, engineer at Dorchester
Heights, Boston, iv. 326; in New
York, v. 40; ordered to obstruct
Hudson river all possible, 70; thinks
Fort Washington, New York, impreg-
nable, 74; plan for colonizing the
West, vi. 282; appeal of, to Wash-
ington (1784), 282, 283; further steps,
283.

Q.

Quakers, banished from Virginia, i.
151; persecuted in New England,
312-315; persecuted in Virginia,
448; persecuted in New Netherland,
511; tenets and origin of, 528-530;
"inner light," as they hold it, 535,
538; reject superstition, 536; accept
the Bible and Christianity as they
understand these, 537, 538; views on
questions of philosophy, morals, cere-
monies, ministry, etc., 538-542; views
on other points, 543-545; persecuted,
545, 546; buy half of New Jersey,
546; intercourse of, with the Indians,
548, 549; legislation of, 571; in
Rhode Island, 611; in Carolina, ii.

11-16; opinions as to fighting, iv.
109; in Pennsylvania and New Jer-
sey (1776), v. 89; views as to re-
ligious and civil power, 154.
Quarry, on colonial independence, ii, 85.
Quebec, founded, i. 20; taken by Kirk,

219, 220; preparations for defence
of, ii. 201; expedition against, 503-
508; plan of Wolfe for attack on,
508; battle on the Plains of Abra-
ham, 509-511; surrender of, 512;
besieged by the French, 522; relieved
by the English fleet, 522, 523; bill
for regulating, passed in parliament,
taking away all rights, iii. 482; sends
help to Boston (1774), iv. 28; “Que-
bec act," 79; steps taken toward
freeing Roman Catholics in Canada,
79, 80; increase of territory, 80;
French law system restored, 80; no-
bility of, conciliated, 80; establish-
ment of Roman Catholic worship, 80,
81; Dickinson's address to the people
of, 81, 82; expedition against, pro-
posed by Brewer (1775), 173, 174;
expedition against, 297, 298; B. Ar-
nold arrives near, 301; assaulted by
Montgomery, who leads his men and
falls, 304, 306; Arnold's attack on,
fails, 307, 308; Americans in the
town surrender, Carleton humane and
generous toward them, 307, 308.
Queen Anne's proclamation. See Anne,
Queen of England.

Quince, Parker, of Wilmington, North
Carolina, generous offer of, iv. 28.
Quincy, Josiah, junior, iii. 263; at trial
of Preston, 390; favors assassination,
418; at public meeting in Boston,
456; brave words of, 456.
Quotas and salaries, in the colonies, un-
der William III., ii. 75, 77.
Quotas of troops, the colonics agree to
raise 1,000 men (1675), i. 390; and
4,000 men (1757), ii. 460; apportion-
ment of, to the states by congress, v.
52.

R.

Raleigh, Sir Walter, high character and
ability of, i. 67; patent granted to, by
Queen Elizabeth, 69; sends out ex-
pedition under Amidas and Barlow,
69; Carolina reached, attractions of,
69, 70; return of colonists, 70; new
expeditions sent out under Lane and
Grenville, 71; the natives, 70, 72;
explorations by Lane, 73, 74; hostile
spirit of the natives, 74; return of
the colony, 75; further effort to plant

a state, White appointed governor,
75; failure, 76, 77; assigns his pat
ent, 77; eulogy on, 78, 79; how his
name and fame are perpetuated,
79.

"Raleigh, the city of," inhabitants of
colony sent out by Sir Walter Raleigh,
i. 77; capital of the state of North
Carolina bears this name, 79.
Rall, a Hessian general, v. 79, 80; at
Trenton, 89, 90; contempt for Wash-
ington and the Americans, 93, 96;
captured with his troops at Trenton,
98, 99.

Ramsay, in command of garrison at
Quebec, ii. 511; surrenders, 512.
Ramsay, David, in South Carolina state
convention on the federal constitu-
tion, vi. 419.

Randolph, Edmund, in the Virginia con-
vention, iv. 415; governor of Vir-
ginia, vi. 198; appointed delegate to
the federal convention, 198, 202;
station and character of, 208, 209;
opens the convention, 212, 215, 217,
220; on federal insufficiency, 235;
one of the committee of five, 257;
views on admitting new states, 263;
on the rule of representation, 267;
on national legislation, 270; as to
ratification of the constitution, 273;
one of the committee of detail, 274;
on taxing exports, slave-trade, etc.,
316, 319, 323; on the election of
president of the United States, 336;
proposes another convention, 356; re-
fuses to sign the constitution, 364,
365; won over to do so by Washing-
ton, 377; in the state convention
vigorously supports the federal con-
stitution, 427-436.

Randolph, Edward, agent of the privy
council to Massachusetts, i. 395; char-
acter of, and action, 396; collector
of customs in New England, 402;
goes back and forth to England, hos-
tile to Massachusetts, 403; with An-
dros, 585.

Randolph, John, in Virginia house of
burgesses, opposes measures of Pat-
rick Henry and other patriots, iii.

111.

Randolph, Peyton, iii. 111; member of
the first congress, iv. 61; with Wash-
ington advises moderation, 147;
president of second continental con-
gress, 200; speaker of the house of
burgesses (1775), 201.

Rasles, Sebastian, Roman Catholic mis-
sionary among the Indians, ii. 99, 218,
219; death of, 220.

Ratcliffe, John, member of the council
in Virginia, i. 92; deposed, 95.
Rawdon, Lord, and Irish regiment in
New York, v. 295; ordered to the
South by Clinton, 375; on the Santee,
381; cruelty of, 382; at Camden,
South Carolina, 385, 386; with Corn-
wallis in retreat, 401; at Hobkirk's
Hill, success over General Greene,
498, 499; at Orangeburg, 501; dis-
graceful inhumanity in Charleston,
502; goes back to England, 502,
503.

Rawlings, Colonel, v. 78, 79.
Raymbault, Charles, leader of mission-
aries to the Indians, ii. 141, 142;
death of, 142.

Raynal, Abbé, on the number of slaves

brought from Africa, ii. 277; History
of the Two Indies by, v. 469; princi-
ples of, 469, 470; flees to Holland,
470.

Rayneval, assistant of Vergennes, v.
565; visits Shelburne in England,
565, 566.

Read, Charles, colonel of the Monmouth
battalion, submits to Howe in New
Jersey (1776), v. 83.

Read, George, of Delaware, in the fed-
eral convention, vi. 215.
Red Bank, New Jersey, v. 195; fort at,
evacuated, 199.

Red men, American Indians, Ayllon
seizes many for slaves, i. 25; in Caro-
lina, 72; in Virginia, 127; Jesuits
among, 165; number in New Eng-
land, 383; the praying Indians,"
388; war against the whites, 386-
393; result, 393.

66

Red men, east of the Mississippi,
ii. 89; grouped according to lan-
guages, 90; Algonkin, most wide-
spread, used by half the original popu-
lation between the St. Lawrence and
the Mississippi, fifteen tribes, 90–93;
Dakotas, four tribes, 94; Iroquois, or
Wyandot, seven tribes, 94, 95; Chero-
kecs, 95; Uchecs, 96; Natchez, 97;
Mobilian, 97, 98; total numbers, 99,

100.

Language of, peculiarities, 101,
102; manners and dweilings, 102;
marriage, 103; mother and child, 104;
hard lot of woman among, 105, 106;
resources for living, 106, 107; hospi-
tality, 107; famine, and treatment of
the sick and aged, 107; dress and
decorations, 107, 108.

Law among, no written or fixed,
109; retaliation, 109, 110; tribe or
union of families, 110, 111; chiefs,

councils, treaties, 111, 112; war cus-
toms and parties, 113; treatment of
captives, 114, 115; form of govern-
ment federal, 115; chiefs, warriors,
etc., 116, 117.

Religious ideas, 118; manitous,
guardian spirits, 119; sacrifices, pen-
ance, medicine-men, 120-122; dreams,
burials, 122; death, world of shades,
graves, 123, 124.

Natural endowments of, 125; com-
pared with white men, 126; ill suc-
cess of attempts to educate, 127,
128; physical characteristics, 128; im-
provement of, slow, 129.

Origin of, 129; mounds, language,
customs, 129-131; supposed affini-
ties, 131, 132; astronomical science,
133; connection with Asia, 134;
American and Mongolian races, 135;
unity of the human race, 136.

Ravages of the red men along the
Alleghanies, ii. 444; peace with, in
the West, iii. 85, 88; submission of,
to the English, 151, 152; congress
declines employing, iv. 240; employ-
ment of, by the British against the
Americans a failure, v. 170, 171;
congress quiets the title of, to a
great part of Ohio, vi. 283.

See Pequods, Iroquois, Narragan-
setts, Mohegans, Mohawks, Cherokees,
Creeks, Philip, Pontiac.

Red river, the Spaniards on, i. 48;
these leave the United States and
enter the river Panuco, 49.
Reed, Esther, and the Pennsylvania
women, v. 445.

Reed, Colonel James, marches to Pres-
cott's support, iv. 220.
Reed, Joseph, of Philadelphia, desires
reconciliation with England, iv. 11;
opposes arming the province, 251.
Regicides, three escape to America, fate
of, i. 347; grave of one, iv. 51.
"Regulating act" for Massachusetts, iv.
43-45.

Regulators, in North Carolina, iii. 303,

395, 398; defeated by Tryon, 400,
401; Tryon hangs prisoners, 401,
402; cross the Alleghanies and set-
tle in the valley of the Watauga,
402. See Watauga.

Reid, the Scotch philosopher, iv. 312.
Requisitions, Washington's view on en-
forcing (1779), v. 456.

Revere, Paul, night ride to Lexington,
iv. 153.

Revolution, American, necessity and
principle of, iv. 3, 4; beginning of,
160.

Revolution in England on the fall of
the Stuarts (1649-1660), a democratic
revolt, i. 325; counter-revolution un-
der Oliver Cromwell, 336-342.
Revolution of 1688, aristocratic, i. 598;
ii. 3; political theory of, 7; result of,
8; beneficial to the colonies, 9, 10;
favored privilege, not liberty, 56.
Rhett, William, brave conduct in de-
fending Charleston, South Carolina
(1706), ii. 194.

Rhode Island, gift of island by Mianto-
nomoh, i. 263; Roger Williams ob-
tains charter from parliament, 296;
favored by Charles II., 362; provi-
sions of charter, 363; charter read
and joyfully accepted, 363; liberty of
conscience fully established, 364; gen-
eral assembly, two houses, 365;
boundary troubles, 365; royal com-
missioners received, 376, 377; Andros
in, 587; revolution (1689), democracy
triumphant, 606; H. Bull governor,

606.

After the revolution of 1688, rights
of the people in, ii. 48, 49; spirit of
(1764), iii. 91; favors a congress,
146; Lord Sandwich fierce against,
415; attack on the charter of, 428;
Samuel Adams advises holding on to
rights, 429; course of the authorities
as to the Gaspee matter, 434; seizure
of cannon, etc., in, iv. 94; the gov
ernor calls the assembly (1775), 171;
men of, march immediately, 171;
issues notes, 174; votes 1,500 men
for the army, 175; Nathaniel Greene
chosen general, 176; with other colo-
nies, sends out armed vessels, 249; re-
fuses all allegiance to the king, 331;
slaves emancipated and enlisted in the
army, v. 219; obstructs action in
congress, vi. 33, 34; joins Massachu-
setts in the navigation act, etc., 141;
troubles in, as to paper money, 169,
170; refuses to send delegates to the
federal convention, 201; position of,
toward the convention, 211; strange
conduct as to national matters, 462.
Ribault, J., sent by Coligny to plant a
colony in Florida, i. 51; lands at Hil-
ton Head, 51, 52; the region named
Carolina, 52; ships of, wrecked, 56,

57.

Rice-plant, introduced into Carolina, ii.
13; excellence of Carolina rice, 13;
wider trade in, offered to South Caro-
lina and Georgia (1764), iii. 71.
Richmond, duke of, iii. 216; opposes
the Boston port bill, 475; hopes that
the Americans will resist, iv. 11; mo-

tion of, in favor of America, 284;
urges making peace, v. 224; on the
declaratory act, 247; hopes to avoid
war, 250; in the house of lords,

253.

Richmond, Virginia, burned, i. 465, 466;
state convention on the federal con-
stitution meets in, vi. 426.
Rider, Sir Dudley, advises taxation of
America, ii. 352.

Ricdesel, F. A., in command of the
Brunswick mercenaries, iv. 351; in
Quebec, 380; with Burgoyne, v. 156,
158, 160; reconnaissance of, with
Burgoyne, 187; at Burgoyne's sur-
render, 190, 191.

Riflemen, American, brave and efficient,
iv. 248, 249.

Rigby, Alexander, and Lygonia, i. 299,
300.

Rigby, Richard, in the board of trade,
ii. 442, 443; leader of the Bedford
party, iii. 218; on the ignorance of
the people, 364; approves of coer-
cion, iv. 282.

Rio Grande del Norte, discovery of tribu-
taries of, i. 35.

Rittenhouse, presides in town-meeting,
Philadelphia (1776), v. 83.
Rivington, James, printing office of, in
New York, rifled (1776), iv. 317.
Roanoke Island, visited by Raleigh's
colony, i. 70; a small party left on,
all perish, 75.

Roberdeau, Daniel, president of town-
meeting in Philadelphia (1776), iv.

420.

Robertson, James, on the Watauga, iii.
394; at Fort Watauga, v. 63; on the
Cumberland river, 315.
Robertson, William, the historian, in
favor of government coercing Ameri-
ca, iv. 288, 289.

Robertson, British general, effort of, to
obtain André's release, v. 436.
Roberval, F. de la Roque, voyage of, to
North America, i. 17.

Robinson, John, minister of the Puri-
tans who go to Holland, i. 199, 200;
farewell address to the pilgrims, 205;
death of, 213.

Robinson, John, lieutenant-colonel at
Breed's Hill, iv. 224.
Robinson, Sir Thomas, advises to fight
for liberty, ii. 417, 418.
Robinson, William, a Quaker, hanged in
Massachusetts, i. 314.
Rochambeau, Count de, arrives in New-

port with 6,000 men, v. 426; meets
Washington, 505, 508; honored by
congress, 523; encamps in Virginia,

525; latter years of, in France, vi.
32.

Rocheblave, at Kaskaskia, v. 311.
Rochford, earl of, secretary of state, iii.
315, 316; opinions of, iv. 360.
Rockingham, marquis of, prime minister,
iii. 130; is disposed to leniency, 152,
153; ministry of, unable to agree
how to act, 174; holds on to place,
185; plans of, 223; insults Pitt, 225;
with Bedford and Grenville, 258, 259;
speech of, 366, 307; opposes the Bos-
ton port bill, 475; differs with Chat-
ham, iv. 99; on address to the king,
119; theory of colonial government,
267; in parliament, v. 53, 56; ad-
vises acknowledging independence of
the United States, 249, 250, 282;
sharply censures manifesto of the
commissioners, 287; leader of party
in parliament (1782), 532; forms a
ministry, 533, 534; death of, 543;
results of the ministry of, 543, 544.
Rodney, Sir George, fleet of, at Marti-
nique, ii. 555; captures St. Eustatius,
v. 354, 355; exploits of, in West In-
dies, 428-430; in New York, 430;
returns to West Indies, 437; victory
over de Grasse, 540, 541.
Rodney, Thomas, on Washington's cross-
ing the Delaware (1776), v. 97.
Rogers, Major R. (1758), ii. 491; on

Lake Erie, 523; meets Pontiac, 524;
takes possession of Detroit, 524.
Rogers, Samuel, the poet, iv. 186.
Rolfe, John, converts to Christianity and

marries Pocahontas, i. 106, 107.
Roman Catholics in the United States,
vi. 164, 165. See Catholics, Roman.
Romney, English ship-of-war, in Boston
harbor, iv. 289.

Ross, George, of Pennsylvania, in con-
gress, iv. 72.

Rotch, owner of tea-ship, at Boston, iii.
452-455; tea emptied into the har-
bor, 456, 457.

Rousseau, views of, ii. 556.
Rowe, John, in Boston, iii. 454.
Rowlandson, Mary, story of Indian as-
sault and massacre, i. 391, 392.
Roxbury, Massachusetts, i. 237.
Royalists. See Loyalists.
Rush, Benjamin, of Philadelphia, iv.
433; on articles of confederation, v.
13; in the New Jersey Gazette, glo-
rifying Gates, 214; letter to Patrick
Henry, how received, 214, 215.
Russia, Chancellor's visit opens com-
merce with, i. 62; discoveries of, ii.
202, 203; treaty of, with England, 441,
442; empress of, declines to hire out