168, 169; laws of other states on the
subject, 169-173; public opinion on
this sort of money, 175, 176; the
states prohibited issuing, 303-305.
Papists, in Maryland, i. 172.
Parker, John, captain at Lexington, iv.
154.
Parker, Moses, taken prisoner, and dies
in Boston jail, iv. 230.
Parker, Sir Peter, in command of Brit-
ish fleet against Charleston, South
Carolina, arrives in Cape Fear river,
iv. 397; begins attack on Fort Moul-
trie, 404; ships of, aground, 406;
terrible fire on flagship of, 407; re-
treats, 408, 409; crimination and re-
crimination with Clinton, 409; at
New York, v. 31.
Parliament, first act of, relating to
America, i. 61; favors the Puritans,
197; condemns monopoly of the
Plymouth company, 217; supremacy
of, over the colonies, 352; absolute
in 1688, 601; ii. 6; attitude toward
the colonies, 70; notes the growth of
republican spirit in America, 70, 71;
scheme of, to govern by prerogative,
72, 73; appoints a board of trade,
73; plan for placing the colonies
under a military dictatorship, 73, 74;
taxation by, 75, 76; prerogative and
veto powers, 76; judiciary in the
colonies, habeas corpus, the press,
etc., in relation to the crown and par-
liament, 76, 77; threatens all the
charters, 77; colonies refuse the
quota plan, 78; mercantile system
developed and sustained, 79, 80;
courts of admiralty established, and
laws against manufactures in the
colonies, 80, 81; opposition to this
tyrannous policy, 81, 82; defines pi-
racy and its punishment, 83; regu-
lates the currency, 83; offers bounty
on naval stores, 84; as to the right
to tax the colonies, 84, 251; favors
the islands above the colonies, 242-
244; act of, for naturalization in
America, 264; is held to be supreme
over the colonies, 338, 339; plan for
taxing the colonies, 382, 383; is
asked to tax the colonics, 411; dis-
cussion as to taxing America, 418.
Bill taxing America passed, iii. 73;
stamp-act debated and passed, 97-
104; petitions to both houses by the
American congress, 154, 155; meet-
ing of (December 1765), 167; debate
in the lords, tone of, 167-169; violent
in the commons, 169, 170; the royal
speech to, tells of trouble (1766), 174;
debate in the commons, 175; Pitt's
great speech, 175-178; remarks of
Conway, 178; Grenville's abuse of
America, 178-180; Pitt's reply, 180–
184; debate in house of lords, 188-
194; in house of commons, 194–
196; affirms the right to tax Amer-
ica, 196, 197; the modern tory par-
ty, 196, 197; the ministry defeat-
ed on the stamp-act enforcement,
200; stamp-act repealed, 206, 207;
insists on supremacy over the colonies,
208; debate, repcal carried, 210; op-
position to ministerial course as to
America, 253; determines on an Amer-
ican army and revenue, 256, 257.
The last parliament to legislate for
America meets (1768), iii. 286;
Grenville advocates reform, 316;
Burke jeers at it, 316; in session,
322; feeling of, toward the colonies,
322, 323; rejects American petitions,
324; resolves to enforce its authori-
ty, 326; debate in the commons, 331-
335; refuses to repeal the revenue
act, 345; debate in, 364, 365; at-
tempts to conciliate America, 385,
386; Boston port bill in house of
lords, 475; bill to take away char-
ter from Massachusetts, effect of,
477; this, with four other penal bills,
carried, 477-481; infatuation of, iv.
5; two acts of, against Massachusetts,
11; dissolution of, 67; venality of
(1774), 90, 91; opinions of lords and
commons, 92; the ministry confident,
93; commerce to be interdicted, 99;
debate in the lords, 104, 105; minis-
terial victory in, 105; unrelenting,
114; declares Massachusetts in rebel-
lion, 117; debate in the commons,
118, 119; debate in the lords, 119,
120; joint address of, 120; New Eng-
land to be excluded from the fisheries,
126, 132; concessions to the French,
126; dislikes Lord North's plan, 128;
prohibits fisheries of New England
and restricts trade of southern colo-
nies, 261; in session (October 1775),
281; debates in commons on the ad-
dress to the king, 282, 283; votes to
crush the rebellion, 282, 283; in the
lords the vote equally strong, 283,
284; weak ministry at date, 286.
Prohibits trade and confiscates all
American ships (1776), iv. 337; sends
British commissioners to America, in-
structions of, 341; debates, 342; de-
bate in the commons on treaties with
Brunswick and Hesse, 356, 357; de-
bate in the lords, 357; in session, v.
53-56; how supreme power obtained,
262; change in votes, 282; growing
discontent in, with the war against
the United States, 496; urges giving
up the war, 524; movement and de-
bate on discontinuing the war, 530,
531; action on making peace with the
United States, 548, 549; debate in,
on the treaty of peace, vi. 39-42; de-
bate in the lords, 47, 48.
Parris, Samuel, minister of Danvers,
Massachusetts, ii. 58, 59; active in
the witchcraft delusion, 61-63; driven
out of the town, 66.
Parry, Lieutenant-Colonel, killed on
Long Island, v. 32.
Parsons, S. H., and others, of Connecti-
cut, plan for taking Ticonderoga, iv.
181, 182; brigadier-general, in battle,
v. 30; his brigade runs away, 44, 45;
travels in the West, vi. 283.
Partridge, agent of New York mer-
chants, ii. 244.
Paterson, William, of New Jersey, in
the federal convention, vi. 214; leads
resistance against the larger states,
232; pleads for equality of states in
one supreme council, 234; a strong
federalist, 269; on the ratification of
the constitution, 273.
Paulding, John, one of André's captors,
v. 433, 434; congress votes an annu-
ity to, 438.
Paulet, Earl, in parliament, on question
of taxing America, iii. 194.
Pauw, M., buys Staten Island, New
York, i. 498.
Pavonia, New Jersey, Pauw's colony, i.
498, 499.
Pawtucket. See Penacook.
Paxton, Charles, marshal of admiralty
court, Boston, sent to England, iii.
231; aids Townshend's schemes, 238.
Payson, minister of Chelsea, Massachu-
setts, and his exploit, iv. 164.
Peirce, William, of Salem, Massachu-
setts (1630), i. 236.
Pelham, Henry, prime minister (1742),
ii. 295; administration of, 295-388;
death of, 408.
Pelham, Thomas Hollis. See Newcastle.
Peltrie, Madame de la, ii. 140.
Pemaquid, destroyed by the Indians, ii.
Penacook, Indians, ii. 91; onslaught of,
178, 179.
Pendleton, Edmund, on the stamp-act,
iii. 199; at the head of Virginia com-
mittee of safety, iv. 255; president
of the Virginia convention, 414;
president of the state convention of
Virginia (1788), vi. 426; vigorously
supports the federal constitution,
427-435.
Penn, John, succeeds Caswell in con-
gress, iv. 260.
Penn, Richard, takes second petition to
the king of England, iv. 239; arrives
in England in August, 269, 270;
shabby treatment of, by the ministry,
270; at the bar of the house, 284.
Penn, Thomas, with Richard, proprie-
tary of counties on the Delaware, ii.
397; views of (1754), 411; agent for
Pennsylvania, iii. 70; interview with
Grenville, opposes taxing the colo-
nies, 70, 71.
Penn, William, buys East New Jersey,
i. 551; letter to the people of Penn-
sylvania, 553, 554; sails for America,
556; early life and position, 556-558;
in the Tower, 558; tried and acquitted,
558; in Newgate, 558; travels on the
continent, 560; contrast with John
Locke, 561; organizes his government,
563, 564; disputes with Lord Balti-
more, 564, 565; treaties with the In-
dians, 567, 568; returns to England,
farewell letter, 569, 570; work at
home, 571, 572; political sentiments
of, 596, 597; message to the people, ii.
24; arrested and cleared, 27, 28;
goes to Pennsylvania, 28; troubles
of, 30; returns to England, 30; plan
of, for union of the colonies, 74, 75.
Pennsylvania, charter of, i. 552, 553;
Markham, Penn's agent, 54; no
monopolies, 554; free-traders, 555;
Philadelphia laid out, 565; first leg-
islation and constitution, 565, 566;
witchcraft trials in, 568; growth of,
568, 569; boundary with Maryland,
570; legislation, 571, 572; slavery
in, 572, 573; after the revolution of
1688, ii. 24-31; the schism of Keith
in, 25; Fletcher, royal governor of,
25, 26; democracy in, 28; new con-
stitution, disputes, progress, 29-31;
evades the call for quotas, 77, 78;
feeling in, as to prohibition of manu-
factures, 257; volunteer militia of,
304, 305; condition of (1754), 397,
398; affairs in, 445; schemes against,
446; condition of (1757), 460, 461;
strife of, with the proprietaries and
board of trade, 529, 530; reproved
for disobedience, 557.
Spirit of the assembly of, iii. 91;
favors a congress, 146; approves
course of Virginia, 348; elects dele-
gates to the continental congress
(1774), iv. 28; course of, 109, 110;
spirit and activity of (1775), 178; the
assembly of, rejects overtures of the
governor, 178, 179; strife in the leg-
islature, 251; committee of safety,
252; the Quakers hold back, 264;
after the king's proclamation still
clings to loyalty, 273; action of the
legislature, 273; still holds on to al-
legiance, 336; also to proprietary
government, 339; raises troops, is-
sucs money, 339; delegates in con-
gress refuse to vote the suspension of
royal authority, 344; proprietary
government in, overthrown, 420; ir-
resolution of the assembly, 421, 422;
delays, 423; the counties frame a
government in place of the proprietary
government, 432, 433; question of
internal reform and religious liberty,
433; assents to the declaration of in-
dependence, 433, 434; the conven-
tion forms a new constitution, v. 67;
provisions of, 67, 68, 116; council
remonstrates against Washington's
winter quarters, 213; urges the re-
covery of Philadelphia, 215; slavery,
and gradual emancipation, 412, 413;
views as to public debt, vi. 33; adopts
Washington's advice (1783), 91; pro-
poses a protective system, 138; laws
of, as to paper money, 171; the
legislature receives and debates on
the new constitution of the United
States, 382; a state convention called,
383; long and warm debates, 384-
388; the constitution ratified, 390;
moderation of the minority, 465; a
second federal convention refused,
466.
Penry, John, Welsh non-conformist,
hanged, i. 192, 193.
Pensacola, Florida, occupied by the
Spaniards, ii. 188.
Peoria, Lake, ii. 164.
Pepperell, William, in command against
Louisburg, ii. 306.
Pequods, Indians, enemies of the Narra-
gansetts, i. 266; war with the whites,
266; extermination of, 267, 268; lo-
cality of, ii. 91.
Percy, Lord, in command of troops to
relieve the British who had gone to
Concord, 163, 164; hasty retreat of,
164; rage and brutality of the troops,
164, 165; mean and slanderous
words, 172; stays away from battle
of Bunker Hill, 218; starts to attack
Dorchester Heights, but stops short,
327, 328; with Cornwallis on Long
Island, v. 29.
Peter, Hugh, goes to Massachusetts, i.
258; agent of Massachusetts in Eng.
land, 281; death of, and character,
346.
Petition to the king by congress, iv. 75,
76; second petition, 238.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, founded, i.
565; congress of governors at, ii.
460; spirit of (1773), iii. 446; re-
solves not to let in the tea, 446; ac-
tion on the tea ship's arrival, 457;
increased commerce of, 467; meeting
of citizens of, iv. 12; counsels mod-
eration, 13, 14; active in the good
cause (1775), 178; second continental
congress in, 190; town-meeting in
(1776), resolves to form a new govern-
ment, 420; protests against action,
421; committee of inspection ap-
pointed, 422; declaration of inde-
pendence by congress, 442; how re-
ceived, v. 3; first celebration in, of
independence, 154, 155; is entered
by the British (1777), 181; English
commissioners arrive in, 271; evacu-
ated by Clinton (1778), 273; chagrin
of loyalists in, 273, 274; patriotism
of the women of, 445; riot in, vi. 97;
Washington's hopeful words to (1789),
470.
Philip, son of Massasoit, haughty and
jealous, i. 386, 387; is hurried into
rebellion, 387, 388; a fugitive, 388;
assaults and destroys Lancaster, Mas-
sachusetts, 391; death of, 393.
Philip II. of Spain, i. 54; suggests con-
quest and colonization of Florida, 55.
Phillips, General, with Burgoyne, v. 158,
187; in Virginia, 506; death of, 506.
Phillips, William, one of Boston's mer-
chants, iii. 369, 454; with Adams,
Bowdoin, and others, negatived as a
councillor, iv. 14.
Phips, Sir William, governor of Massa-
chusetts, ii. 57; share of, in witch-
craft prosecutions, 61, 62; complains
as to salary, 68; captures Port Royal,
Nova Scotia, 181; before Quebec, re-
turns to Boston, 181.
Piankeshaws and Weas, Indians, join
the English against the French, ii.
34-36.
Pickens, Andrew, of South Carolina, iv.
256; colonel, routs British ravagers,
v. 158, 187; unable to act, 378; at
battle of the Cowpens, 482, 483; pro-
moted, 485; with Lee routs the loyal-
ists or tories (1781), 491; takes Au-
gusta, Georgia, 500; in battle at
Eutaw Springs, 503.
Pickering, Timothy, of Salem, Massa-
chusetts, iv. 25; appointed quarter
master general, v. 446; advises cx-
clusion of slavery in the new states,
vi. 81; letter to R. King against
slavery in the West, 132.
Picqua, a town of the Miami Indians,
council at, ii. 364; attacked and de-
stroyed by the French, 371, 372.
Picquet, Abbé F., missionary to the In-
dians (1748), ii. 337.
Pigot, General, leads British troops at
Breed's Hill, iv. 218, 225.
Pijart, C., Jesuit missionary (1640)
among the Indians, ii. 141.
Pilgrims, name adopted by Puritans in
Amsterdam and Leyden, i. 200; not
liking Holland, look toward America,
201; offers to the London Company,
with professions as to creed and con-
duct, 201, 202; favored by Sandys,
204; form partnership to emigrate,
204; reach Cape Cod, 205; compact,
and landing, 206–209; Indians friend-
ly, 210; progress and success, 212;
frame of government, 213; views as
to toleration, 213, 214; memory of
the Pilgrims, 214.
Pinckney, Charles, iv. 89; president of
the provincial congress, South Caro-
lina (1775), 106; activity of, 180;
submits to Cornwallis, v. 393; in
congress (1785), vi. 186; address of,
to the legislature of New Jersey, 187,
188; proposes a grand convention,
189, 190; presents a plan of consti-
tution in the federal convention, 215,
217, 219, 224, 229; on property quali-
fications, 296; on slave representa-
tion, 301; on fugitive slave law, 309,
310; on rebellion, slave-trade, etc.,
311, 318, 319, 323; on mode of elect-
ing the president of the United States,
etc., 327, 343; proposals of, as to the
judiciary, 348, 349; in the South Caro-
lina assembly, 414, 415.
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, at Fort
Johnson, on James Island, South
Carolina, iv. 258; in the federal con-
vention, vi. 225, 226; active in the
work, 259, 264, 266; on property
qualifications, 271; on slave repre-
sentation, 309; on the militia, slave-
trade, etc, 313, 318, 323; debate in
South Carolina assembly, 415; de-
fends the federal constitution against
Lowndes, 415-418.
Pinckney, Thomas, governor of South
Carolina (1788), vi. 419; president
of the state convention on the federal
constitution, 419, 420.
Pineda. See De Pineda.
Pitcairn, Major, leads the attack on
Lexington, Massachusetts (1775), iv.
155; in the retreat to Boston loses
his horse and pistols, 163; mortally
wounded at Bunker Hill, 227, 228.
Pitkin, William, governor of Connecti
cut (1766), discreet and patriotic, iii.
Pitt, William, ii. 295; "the great com-
moner," in parliament, 408, 409;
opposes treaty with Russia, 442; re-
moved from office, 442; prime minis-
ter, 457; George III. promises his
support, 458; policy of, toward the
colonies, 458; rejects the stamp-tax
for America, 458; George III. dis-
cards him, 458; is the people's choice
for minister, 468-471; genius and
power of, 472, 473; supports Freder-
ic of Prussia, 482; invites the colo-
nies to raise troops against Canada
and the French colonies, 482, 483;
watches American events, 490, 492;
plan of, for 1759, 498, 499; holds on
to Canada, 528; on colonial rights,
530; rebukes contraband trade, 531;
not in favor with George III., 535;
negotiates peace with France, 537,
538; refuses to abandon Frederic of
Prussia, 541; plans of, 542; pro-
poses war against Spain, 543; is out-
voted, and resigns, 544; accepts a
peerage and pension, 545; opposes
peace with France (1762), 562; asked
to join the ministry (1763), iii. 53;
speech of, against Grenville's meas-
ures, 64, 65; asked to form a minis-
try, 124; declines, 126; "Pitt and
Liberty," in Boston, 135; applied to
by the ministers, 174; great speech
of, 175-178; noble continuation, 180-
184; offers made to, no result, 185,
186; opinion on John Adams's Essay,
186; shares in debate, 187, 195;
speech of, and skill, 200; debate on
repeal of stamp-act, 204-206; mo-
tion of, to abandon claim of right,
208; forms an administration, 223;
becomes earl of Chatham, 226. See
Chatham.
Pitt, William, the younger, as a boy, iii.
206; on his father's speech (1775), iv.
105; refuses to serve against the
Americans, 186; kind words as to, by
Washington, 298; speech against the
American war, v. 496; proposes re-
form in parliament, 544; chancellor
of the exchequer (1782), 546; elo-
quent speech in debate, vi. 41, 42;
declines office, 42; proposes parlia
mentary reform, 52; interview of,
with John Adams, 149, 150; ungen.
erous and unjust course of, toward
the United States, 151.
Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, named after
William Pitt, ii. 495; relieved in Pon-
tiac's war, iii. 49; important point
for western emigration and Indian
trade (1774), iv. 83; seized by Lord
Dunmore, governor of Virginia, 83,
86.
Ployden, Sir E., patent of, for New Al-
bion, on Delaware Bay, i. 509.
Plymouth, council at, England, for plant-
ing and governing New England, es-
tablished by King James I., i. 215;
admiral and lieutenant-general of, ap-
pointed, 216; monopoly of, in the
fisheries condemned by parliament,
217; sell lands to settlers at Salem,
222; charter of, given up, 275; royal
commissioners at, 377; revolution in,
on accession of William and Mary,
600; the old government restored,
600.
Plymouth, Massachusetts, the pilgrims
land at (December, 1620), i. 209; suf-
ferings and slow progress, 209, 210;
Indians friendly to, 210, 211; prog-
ress and success, 212; tolerant spirit
of, 213, 214; people of, establish a
trading-house at Windsor, Connecti-
cut (1633), 264; sufferings in King
Philip's war, 388-393; joins other
towns in seconding Boston, iii. 421;
Watson, a mandamus councillor in,
forced to resign, iv. 50.
Pocahontas, daughter of Powhatan, i. |
93; rescues John Smith, 94; becomes
a Christian, 106; marries John Rolfe,
107; goes to England and is made
much of, 108; death of, 108, 109.
Point Levi, on the St. Lawrence, ii. 505,
507.
Point Pleasant, iv. 86; great victory of
the Virginians near, 87.
Pokanokets, Indians, i. 386, 387; driven
from Mount Hope, 388; war against,
vigorously conducted, 392, 393; of
the Algonkin family, ii. 91.
Pomeroy, Seth, in expedition against
Louisburg (1745), ii. 307, 308; ap-
pointed brigadier-general, iv. 121; at
the battle of Bunker Hill, 220; elect-
ed by congress brigadier-general, re-
tires on account of age, 234.
Ponce de Leon, discovers Florida, i. 22,
23; death of, 24.
Pontiac, chief of the Ottawas, ii. 524;
origin of war with the whites, iii. 41,
42; forts taken, garrisons murdered,
43-47; ravages of, 46; price set on
head of, 49; French intervention, 49;
agrees to a peace, 151; assassinated,
Pontleroy, travels of, in America, iii.
75.
Poor, General, at Princeton, v. 107;
with General Gates, 187.
Popham, George, president of second
colony of Virginia, i. 85, 90.
Popham, Sir John. See Gorges.
Population of the twelve oldest colonies
in 1688, i. 602; of the thirteen colo-
nies (1754), ii. 389, 390; of the thir-
teen colonies, twenty years later
(1774), iv. 52.
Port Royal, Nova Scotia. See Annapolis.
Port Royal, South Carolina, i. 432.
Port bill, Boston, in parliament, iii.
471-475; how received in America,
iv. 5, 10.
Porter, John, Quaker, expelled from the
Virginia assembly, i. 448.
Porterfield, Colonel, of Virginia, v. 385;
mortally wounded near Camden, South
Carolina, 387.
Portland, duke of, in the cabinet, v.
545, 546; with Fox and Lord North,
vi. 44.
Portland, Maine, people of, attack a
king's ship in the harbor (1775), iv.
183; Gage's mean and barbarous re-
venge, 263.
Portsmouth, one of the oldest towns in
New Hampshire, i. 217; people of,
seize powder and arms, iv. 94, 95. See
New Hampshire.
Portugal, voyages of Portuguese, i. 14;
mercantile system of, ii. 87, 88; over-
tures made by, to Franklin, vi. 56.
Pory, John, speaker in the first colonial
assembly of Virginia, i. 112; travels
of, in Carolina, 410.
Post-office, first introduced into British
America by Andros (1692), ii. 18, 23;
established by parliament (1710), 84;
Franklin deputy postmaster-general,
iii. 391; is turned out of office, 464;
Franklin appointed by congress (1775)
to organize post-office, iv. 246; B.
Church director of, 246.
Potemkin, Prince, v. 348, 349, 353,
354.
Potomac river, company of adventurers
explore, i. 160; company for improv-
ing navigation of, vi. 128.
Pott, Francis and John, position and
course of, in Virginia, i. 136, 138.
Pottawatomies, Indians, worshippers of
the sun, ii. 93, 151; attack the Iro-
quois, 184; share of, in Pontiac's war,
iii. 42, 44.
Poutrincourt, settlement of, at Port
|