139, 140; Hessian yagers cut up, 154;
more arrive in Canada, 222; pillage
Fairfield, etc., Connecticut, v. 330;
share in spoils of the South, 378,
379.

Hewes, Joseph, iv. 258.

Higginson, Francis, emigration with, i.
227; death of, 238.
Highlanders, in the Mohawk valley, dis-
armed, iv. 311, 312.

Hill, General, with Walker against Cana-
da, ii. 200.

Hillsborough, earl of, at head of board
of trade, iii. 54; conduct of, 231; colo-
nial secretary, 267; interview with
Johnson of Connecticut, 268-271;
duplicity of, 295; obstinate against
the colonies, 326, 330; presses abro-
gation of Massachusetts charter, 388;
arrogant, meddles with tax bill in Mas-
sachusetts, 407; with assembly in
Georgia, 408; with judiciary in South
Carolina, 408; retires in anger, 416;
on American "vipers and rebels," v.

246.

Hillsborough, North Carolina, conven-
tion at, action of, iv. 259.
Hinckley, Thomas, governor of Ply.
mouth, i. 600.

Hingham, Massachusetts, trouble in, i.
303; cause of, and result, 304.
History, and law of progress, ii. 268,
269; a record of human progress,
323, 324.

Hobart, Sloss, of New York, on dis.
franchising negroes, vi. 291; in state
convention on the federal constitution,

456.

Hobkirk's Hill, battle at (1781), v. 498,

499.

Holdernesse, earl of, succeeds duke of
Bedford, ii. 368, 535.

Holland, commercial greatness of, i.

144, 145; Holland and union, in the
sixteenth century, 475; the United
Netherlands, 476, 477; enterprise on
sea, 477-479; political strife in, 491;
colonization opposed by, 491, 492;
establishes neutral flags, 527; mer-
cantile system of, ii. 88; menaced by
England (1775), iv. 129, 130; Eng.
land's overbearing course toward
(1777), v. 130, 131; badly treated by
England, 228-230; merchant fleet of,
fired on by English ships, 352; at-
tacked and pillaged by England, 362-
865; overtures for treaty with United
States (1783), vi. 57; financial efforts
of John Adams in, 120.
Hollis, Thomas, on the wisdom and spirit
of the Bostonians, iii. 322.

Holmes, Admiral, in the St. Lawrence,
ii. 507.

Hood, Samuel, English naval command-
er, iii. 291, 313, 360; sent by Rodney
with ships to the Chesapeake, v.

517.

Hooker, Thomas, ability and character
of, i. 245, 246; leads colony to Con-
necticut, 265; differs with Winthrop,
269.

Hooper, William, advocates Franklin's
plan of confederacy, iv. 260; in con-
gress, 316; on the articles of confed-
eration, v. 12; on Washington's mer-
its, 110.

Hopkins, Samuel, of Newport, Rhode
Island, iii. 418; views on slavery, etc.,
iv. 338.

Hopkins, Stephen, governor of Rhode
Island, iii. 91, 116; chief justice (1773),
brave course of, 434; member of the
first American congress, iv. 61; on
the articles of confederation, v. 14.
Hore, of London, expedition of, to the
North-west (1536), i. 61.

Horsmanden, chief justice of New York,
iii. 434.

Horry, Peter, and his riflemen, in battle
at Fort Moultrie, iv. 403, 410.
Hotham, Admiral, with fleet, at New
York, v. 44.

Houston, William, of Georgia, in con-

gress, prediction of, v. 382; in the
federal convention, vi. 327, 329.
Houtman, Cornelius, and north-east pas-
sage to India (1595), i. 479.
Howard of Effingham, governor of Vir-
ginia, i. 471, 473.

Howard, Colonel, at battle of the Cow-
pens, v. 482, 483.

Howard, M., chief justice of North Caro-
lina, iii. 302.

Howe, Lord E. S., high character of, ii.,
484; with Wolfe against Louisburg,
487; death in a skirmish, 488; hon-
ors to, by Massachusetts, 488.
Howe, Richard, Earl, chosen to act as
pacificator (1774), iv. 97; appointed
admiral, 128; one of the commission-
ers to America, charged with concilia-
tory powers, 341; character, expecta-
tion, powers, v. 6, 7; conciliatory let-
ters to Americans, 7; letter to Frank-
lin, 9; proposes his plan again (1776),
27; uses Sullivan as a go-between,
39, 40; joint declaration with his
brother, 47, 48; refuses to employ
savages in warfare, 152, 153; fleet of,
in the Delaware, 195; ships lost, 196,
197; bombards the fort on Mud Island,
198; fleet of, wrecked in a storm off

tax, 109, 110; chief justice, 135;
much frightened, 138; not re-elected,
218; usurps a seat in the council,
239; pensioned, 271; address to the
grand jury, 278; letter to duke of
Grafton, 282; not re-elected, 288; to
be governor of Massachusetts, 289;
wily course of, 332, 333.

Succeeds Bernard as governor, iii.
351, 357; character of, and conduct,
357-359; governor and trader, 361;
prorogues the assembly, 368; in
trouble with the merchants, 369;
citizens demand of him removal of
troops, 376; yields to demand, 378;
censured by the assembly as to pre-
rogative, 379, 380; obeys order in
council and delivers up colonial fort-
ress to the military, 389; malicious
advice as to Massachusetts, 390;
thanksgiving proclamation of, minis-
ters refuse to read, 407; mean course
of, 407; brings the assembly to Bos-
ton, 415; opposes town meetings,
420; secret letters of, 424, 425;
urges abrogation of Rhode Island
charter, 428; artful speech to the
assembly, 430; result, 432-434; ad-
vises coercion, 436; is unmasked,
439; removal of, asked for, 441; de-
jection and meanness of, 442; advice
to the government, 452; refuses pass
to tea-ship to go back, 453, 454;
opinion against, in England, 461;
burnt in effigy (1774), iv. 10; address
of Boston merchants to, 13; goes to
England, 19; sees the king, 27; re-
warded, 27; is sure that coercion will
prevail (1775), 149; sinks into insig-
nificance, 185.

Hyde, Edward, Lord Clarendon. See
Clarendon.

Hyde, Edward, grandson of Clarendon,
sent to Carolina as governor, ii. 15;
as Lord Cornbury, governor of New
Jersey, 33. See Cornbury, Lord.
Hyde, Sir Laurens, claims rights of Vir-
ginia charter, i. 115.

I.

Iberville, Lemoine, in south-west of
America, ii. 187; purposes to reach
the Mississippi from the sea, 187;
with his brother Bienville, 188; suc-
cess of the expedition, 188, 189; Eng-
lish interference with, 189; goes to
France, 189; returns, builds forts,
explores western Louisiana, 189, 190;
death of, 191.

Iceland, i. 9.
Illinois, ii. 163–166; held by the French,
186; colonization urged (1766), iii.
231; discontent of, 409; course
adopted, 409; action of (1773, 1774),
447; Clark's expedition to, v. 310-
313.

Illinois Indians, ii. 151, 156, 158; vil-
lage of, massacred by the Iroquois,
165, 166; nearly destroyed, iii. 353.
Illinois river, ii. 158; La Salle on, 163,
164. For Clark's expedition (1778),
see Clark, George R.
Illinois county, Virginia, v. 314.
Impressment of seamen in Boston
(1747), ii. 311; impressed sailors
(1777), v. 139.
Independence, tendencies toward, ii. 85,
340; prophecy of, 528; how forced
on the Americans, iv. 160; the peo-
ple's choice, 426; necessity of, ac-
knowledged by the English govern-
ment, v. 548, 549.
Independents, or Brownists, i. 187; ask
leave to emigrate to Canada, 191;
persecution and martyrdoms of, 192,
193; those near Scrooby, 198 (sce
Puritans); triumph of, over the Long
Parliament, 331.

Indiana, ii. 186; discontent of, iii. 409;
course adopted, 409.
Indians, American. See Red Men.
Ingersoll, Jared, agent of Connecticut in
England, iii. 101; sends to America
speech of Barré in parliament, 101;
stamp-master for Connecticut, 134;
forced to resign, 139–141.
Ingersoll, Jared, of Pennsylvania, in the
federal convention, signs the constitu-
tion, vi. 367.

Ingle, Richard, trouble with, in Mary-
land, i. 166, 167.

Inglis, rector of Trinity Church, New
York, iv. 339.

Ingoldsby, in New York, arrests Leisler
and others, ii. 36.

Innes, James, in Virginia state conven-
tion, supports the federal constitution,
vi. 435.

Iowa, first visited by Marquette (1673),
ii. 156.

Iowa Indians, visited by Le Sueur, ii.
190.

Iredell, James, iv. 36; help afforded by
his writings, 258; in North Carolina

state convention on the federal con-
stitution, vi. 461.

Ireland, relation to England in civil and
religious affairs, iii. 18-25; oppres
sion of, and rise of the patriot party,
26-28; emigration to America, 28,

410; in the Virginia legislature, 437;
resolution of, in house of burgesses,
iv. 17; paper by, in convention, 34;
opinion of, as to legislative independ-
ence, 50, 51; a delegate to congress,
145; opinions of, 201; drafts answer
to Lord North's offer, 202, 203; on
Washington's integrity, 209; enters
congress, 234; writes report of com-
mittee in reply to North's proposal,
245, 246; views as to the king's
course, 274; head of committee to
prepare the declaration of inde-
pendence, 425; character of, 442,
443; drafts the declaration, 444;
the declaration in full, 446-450; on
the articles of confederation, v. 14;
governor of Virginia, favors Clark's
expedition in Ohio and Illinois, 315,
316; bill of, for religious freedom,
328, 329; active in gathering troops,
395; on new states in the North-west,
454; coincides with Madison's views,
457, 458; favors Morgan's promo-
tion, 477; supports General Greene
with reinforcements, 495; calls out
the militia, begs Washington's pres-
ence, 505, 507; services in the fourth
congress, vi. 112, 113; plan for in-
ternational commerce, 113; on com-
merce with the West, 114; ordinance
by, against slavery in the north-west
territory, 116, 117; how it was lost,
117, 118; Jefferson's views, 118;
enforces union, 122; sails for Europe,
123; minister to France, 148, 152;
bill of, for religious freedom adopted,
158; advice to Madison, 202; on the
end of the slave-trade, 321; opinions
on the new constitution, 406; letters
to Madison, 407, 403; opinion re-
specting John Adams, 464.
Jeffries, Sir George, i. 595; abusive style
of, 595.

Jenkinson, Charles, Lord Liverpool, on
English ambition (1756), ii. 451;
secretary of the treasury (1763), char-
acter of, and ability, iii. 38; share in
the stamp-tax plan, 55, 56; opposes
repeal of the act, 205; in the treas-
ury, 267; pleads for absolute inde-
pendence of parliament, 363; holds
that the "Americans ought to sub.
mit " (1775), iv. 114; reply to Burke's
speech, 142.

Jennings, Samuel, governor for the
proprietaries of West New Jersey
(1681), i. 550; speaker of New Jer-
sey assembly, a brave and resolute
Quaker (1707), ii. 42, 43.
Jenyns, Soame, a lord of trade, ii. 442;
VOL. VI.-35

mocks at American pretensions, iii.
96, 97; praises Josiah Tucker, iv.

290.

Jeoffries, J., agent of Virginia in Eng-
land, ii. 17.

Jervis, John, Earl St. Vincent, in the
expedition against Quebec (1759), ii.
503.

Jesuits, missions and missionaries of, i.
20, 21; in Maryland, 159-162; deal-
ings with the Indians, 165; in Cana-
da, ii. 138; in the wilderness, 141;
among the Five Nations, 145-148,
185; on Lake Superior, 150; op-
posed to American independence, v.
295; the order of, abolished in Spain,
300; in the United States and South
America, vi. 164, 165.

Jewett, Captain, killed after surrender,
v. 32.

Jews, welcomed in Rhode Island (1684,
1694), i. 364, 365; also in New Neth-
erland (1626-1653), 512.

Jogues, Isaac, Roman Catholic mission-
ary among the Hurons, ii. 141; mar-
tyrdom of, 142, 143.

Johnson, Lady Arbella, death of, i. 240.
Johnson, Guy, iv. 148; ordered by the
king to rouse the Six Nations to use
the hatchet, 188, 189; active, 194;
courts the Iroquois, 244, 245.
Johnson, Isaac, i. 223; death of, 240.
Johnson, Sir John, iv. 311; with the
royal Yorkers, defeated, v. 168, 169.
Johnson, Sir Nathaniel, governor of
South Carolina, ii. 194.

Johnson, Robert, governor of South
Carolina, ii. 215, 280.
Johnson, Dr. Samuel, character of, iv.

135; writes against the colonies, 136.
Johnson, Stephen, of Lyme, Connecti-
cut, in congress, iii. 150; appeal of,
in the "New London Gazette" (1765),

160.

Johnson, Sir William, at Lake George,
ii. 435; battle with Dieskau, 436,
437; rewarded, 438; to be sole ne-
gotiator with the Indians (1756), 448,
449; takes Fort Niagara, 501; sharos
in a scheme for western colonization,
iii. 231; at Fort Stanwix with the
Six Nations and others, 321.
Johnson, William Samuel, agent of Con-
necticut, present in gallery of house
of commons, iii. 254; interview with
Hillsborough, 268-271; letter on
home affairs, 406; character of, vi.
241; on treason, 314; on ratification
of the constitution, etc., 360; in the
state convention supports the consti-
tution, 394.