gress, 320-322; further discussions !
with congress, 323-326.
Germain (George Sackville), supports
Lord North's views, iii. 474, 475;
takes the American department, iv.
284; character contemptible, 284,
285; abilities mean, 285, 286; a mis-
erable appointment, 285, 286; on
taxing America, 287; urges the Six
Nations to fight against the Ameri-
cans, 328, 329; declares it necessary
to hire mercenaries, 357; angry at
delays, v. 22; flatters Howe, 53; in
parliament, 54, 55; eager to use the
savages against Americans, 58, 64;
on American victory at Trenton, 99;
merciless spirit, 108; plans for new
campaign (1777), 143; instruction to
the Howes, 146, 147; urges bloody
measures, 152, 153; rejoices over In-
dian massacres, 280, 282; schemes
and hopes, 294, 295; praises British
rapacity and cruelty in America, 392;
exults in Cornwallis's victory, 391,
392; applauds the plot to buy Arnold
and others, 427, 428; on pushing the
war in Virginia, 513, 514; leaves the
cabinet, 524; as Lord Sackville, con-
demns the treaty of peace, vi. 40.
Germans, emigrate in large numbers,

ii. 265; in valley of the Blue Ridge,
eager to take up arms (1776), iv. 318.
Germantown, British camp at, v. 192,
193; battle of, 193-195.
Germany, electors, landgraves, etc., of,
accustomed to hire out troops, iv. 348,
349; negotiations with Faucitt, 350-
356; judgment on the German princes,
358; opposed to hiring out troops, v.
140, 141; course of, toward the
United States, 230, 241.
Gerry, Elbridge, of Marblehead, Massa-
chusetts, iii. 419; in congress (1779),
active, v. 323, 324; in the fifth con-
gress (1785), joins King against the
navigation act, vi. 145-147; in the
federal convention, 217, 221, 222,
223, 229; on committee's report, 255,
256; on property qualifications, 271;
as to ratification of the constitution,
273; on qualifications of members of
congress, 295; on state interference
with contracts, 305; on United States
army, 312; on term of the president's
office, etc., 330, 331, 336, 337; on
juries, 358; refuses to sign the con-
stitution, 365, 366; conduct of, not
approved in Massachusetts, 398.
Gibault, and George R. Clark, at Vin-

cennes (1778), v. 311, 312.
Gibbon, Edward, in parliament (1778),

advises a settlement with the Ameri
cans. v. 225; member of the board
of trade, 281; friendly to Americans,
287.

Gibbons, or Gibbins, Lord Baltimore's
commission to, i. 165.

Gibson, bishop of London, on slavery,
ii. 276.

Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, patent granted
to, i. 67; failure of, at first, 67;
aided by W. Raleigh, his step-brother,
67, 68; sails for Newfoundland, and
takes possession, 68; many mishaps
of, 68; is lost at sea, 69.
Gilbert, Raleigh, in command of ship
with colonists, i. 89; enters the Ken-
nebec, 90; explores the coast, 90;
returns to England, 91.

Gist, Christopher, scout and explorer,
ii. 362, 363; return of, and report,
366; guide of Washington, 380, 384.
Gist, Colonel Nathaniel, enlists Indians,
v. 222; with brigade at battle of
Camden, South Carolina, 387.
Gladwin, Major, at Detroit, iii. 42, 43, 47.
Gloucester, duke of, brother of George
III., at Metz, iv. 189; sympathy of,
for America, 189.
Gloucester, Massachusetts, patriotic spirit
of, iii. 427, 455.
Glover, the witch, a wild Irish woman,"
executed, ii. 52.

Glover, John, colonel of regiment of
Massachusetts fishermen, at the re-
treat from Long Island, v. 34; at
Trenton, with Washington, 96; on
condition of the army, 450, 451.
Glover, William, governor in North
Carolina, ii. 15.

Godfrey, Edward, royal governor in
Maine, i. 300.

Godyn, Samuel, with Blommaert, pur-
chases land on the Delaware (1629),
i. 498.

Goethe, J. W., the German author, v.
232, 234.

Goffe. See Regicides.
Gomez, Stephen, explores part of coast
of North America, i. 26; discovers
the Hudson river, 27.
Gondomar, Spanish ambassador, i. 117,
130.

Gonzalez, A., brought negro slaves into
Europe, i. 123.

Gordon, William, v. 150; letter to, from
Washington, 216.
Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, and Sir J. Pop-

ham, send out ships to plant colony
in Maine, i. 83; governor-general of
New England and lord proprietary,
221, 276; death of, 299.

Gorges, Robert, son of Sir F., appointed
lieutenant-general of New England, i.
216; claim of, purchased by Massa-
chusetts, 397.

Gorges, W., nephew of Sir F., sent to
Maine, i. 221; short stay, 221.
Gorham, N., of Massachusetts, in con-
gress, debate on revenue, etc., vi. 63,
69; chairman of committee of the
whole in the federal convention, 215;
on the committee of five, 257; on
appointment of judges, 272; one of
the committee of detail, 274, 275,
294, 302; on juries, 358; in the state
convention on the federal constitu-
tion, 396.

Gorton, Samuel, strife of, with Massa-
chusetts ecclesiastical authorities, i.
287; result, 305, 306; followers of,
in Rhode Island, iv. 175.
Gosnold, Bartholomew, voyage to Ameri-
ca direct (1602), i. 79, 80; favorable
report by, 80; death of, 92.
Gower, Lord, sneers at the Americans,
iv. 105.

Grafton, duke of, head of northern de-
partment, iii. 131; chief in the min-
istry, 245, 246, 255; visits Chatham,
255; prime minister, 260, 237; re-
signs, 367; begs Lord North to try
to conciliate the Americans, iv. 281;
interview with the king, 281; resigns
the privy seal, 284; again asks for
conciliatory measures, 329.
Grand Bank, fisheries on, importance
of, i. 66.

Grant, Major James, rashness of, ii.

493, 494; in South Carolina, 550,
551; abuses and insults the Ameri-
cans, iv. 117, 118.

Grant, General, with Howe on Long
Island, New York, v. 29, 31; in New
Jersey, 89, 93.

Grantham, Lord, in the foreign office, v,

546, 549; letter of, to Franklin, 569.
Granville, earl of, opposes Pitt, ii. 544.
Graves, Admiral, iv. 26; succeeds Ar-
buthnot, v. 516; beaten by De Grasse.
517.

Great Britain, how America was es-

tranged by (1763-1774), iii. 3, et seqq.
See England.

Green, Roger, leads colony to Carolina,
i. 410.

Green, Timothy, publisher of the "New
London Gazette," iii. 160.
Greene, Colonel Christopher, of Rhode
Island, v. 195.

Greene, Nathanael, character, education,
habits, iv. 175; starts for camp as
captain, 176; general of the Rhode

Island troops, 176; elected brigadier-
general by congress, 235; admires
Washington, 262; in favor of decla-
ration of independence, 315; letter
to John Adams, v. 7; in charge on
Long Island, New York, 26, 27; falls
sick, 27; on the retreat from Long
Island, 38; at Fort Lec, 66; too con-
fident, 69, 72; tries to hold Fort
Washington, sends troops to Magaw,
74, 75; loss of fort due to rashness,
80; disingenuous about it, 80; neg-
lects guard near Fort Lee, and result,
81; service at Trenton, 99; explains
to congress the needs of the army,
148; in command of left wing at
Germantown, 193; cause of failure
at Germantown, 194, 195; takes the
quartermaster's department, 219;
conduct in this department, 219,
220; at the battle of Monmouth, 274,
277; sent to Rhode Island, 285;
good service there, 286; resigns as
quartermaster, 446; supersedes Gates
in the South, 477; sharp retort to
Cornwallis, 478; cautious but spirited,
479, 480; joined by Morgan's corps
at Guilford Court House, 487; eager
for action against Cornwallis, 489;
retreats before Cornwallis, 489, 490;
watchful and prudent, 491; rein-
forced, 491; mistakes at the battle
of Guilford Court House, 492-495;
pursues Cornwallis, 495; carries war
into South Carolina, 497, 498; battle
at IIobkirk's Iill, 498, 499; at Nine-
ty-Six, 501; withdraws to the north,
among the hills of the Santee, 501;
attacks the British at Eutaw Springs,
503; result, 503, 504; returns to
heights of the Santee, 504; rewards
of service, 504; opinion as to consti-
tution for the United States, vi. 12.
Greene, Thomas, in Maryland, i. 167.
Grenville, George, in parliament, ii.
409; retires from office, 442; in the
house of commons, 534; in charge of
northern department, 556; enforces
navigation acts, iii. 34, 35; prime
minister, 36, 37; activity, 39; pro-
tection policy, 39; originator of
stamp-tax plan, 55, 56, 58; urges
navigation acts, 59-62; plan as to
boundaries of new provinces, 62, 63;
meets parliament, and success, 64,
65; refuses civil list for America,
68; meets opposition to stamp-tax,
70, 71; puts it off for a year, 71;
offers to the colonies, 71, 72; first
budget of, 72; interview with colo-
nial agents, 73; advises submission,

assault at Yorktown, 520, 521; in
Albany, 558; appointed collector of
revenues, 559; influence on iegislature
of New York, 559; in congress, 559.

Papers of, entitled "The Continent-
alist" (1781), vi. 21, 22; on national
debt and national bank, 25; letter to
Morris, 25, 26; on regulating trade,
29; receiver of United States reve-
nues, 30; elected to congress, 31;
gives up claim to half-pay, 61; report
on paying the army, 61; on position of
the army unpaid, 66; letter to Wash-
ington, 67; opposes Madison's plan
for revenue, 79; plan for federal con-
vention, 79, 80; on defects of the con-
federation, 99; letters to Greene and
Jay, 100; leaves congress, 100; in the
federal convention, 216, 225, 228; plan
of government, and speech, 235-237;
plan, how received, 237, 239; on the
fate of republican government, 246;
further service not material, 260; on
qualifications for members of congress,
295; against paper money, 301; on
connection of the president and sen-
ate, 338; on the president's appoint-
ments to office, 343, 346; on increas-
ing the number of the house of rep-
resentatives, 354, 355; motion as to
ratifying the constitution, 355; final
work of the convention, 366; advo-
cates a revenue tariff, 453; in New
York state convention, sets forth his
opinions, 457; in debate against
Smith's motion, urges ratification of
the constitution, 459, 460; course in
regard to New York federal elections,
467.

Hamilton, Andrew, governor of West
New Jersey, ii. 32; able advocate,
255.

Hamilton, lieutenant-governor for De-
troit, iv. 148; writes to Lord Germain,

v. 58; sends Indians to ravage, 168;
sends out more for same purpose, 310;
against Fort Vincennes, 312; cap-
tured by G. R. Clark, 313, 314.
Hamilton, William, chairman of commit-
tee of inspection, Philadelphia, iv.421.
Hamilton, W. G., colleague of Halifax,
ii. 530.

Hampden and Cromwell, rumor of emi-
gration of, to America, i. 277.
Hampton, Virginia, defended against
Dunmore, iv. 317.

Hanbury, John, and associates, grant of
land to, on the Ohio, ii. 343.
Hancock, John, in Massachusetts assem-
bly, iii. 217; joins Samuel Adams and
others, 375, 377; on Hutchinson's let-

ters, 440; speech of, 468; how treated
by Gage, iv. 47; president of con-
gress, 200; first signer of the decla-
ration of independence, v. 75; inac-
tive, 508; governor of Massachusetts,
560; commends Washington's advice,
vi. 93; judicious course in regard to
the federal constitution, 395; chair-
man of the state convention, 402, 403;
recommends amendments, 403; puts
the question, and result, 405, 406.
Hand, of Pennsylvania, riflemen of, v.
28, 37, 69, 96; with Washington,
104, 107.

Hansford, Thomas, executed in Virginia,
i. 467.

Hardwicke, Lord (Philip Yorke), on tax-
ing the colonies, ii. 338; lord chancel-
lor, places military above civil power
in the colonies, 447; joins Newcastle
and others against Pitt, 543.
Hardy, Sir Charles, governor of New
York, ii. 443; governor of New Jer-
sey, dismissed, 557.
Hariot, Thomas, accompanies Raleigh's
colony to North Carolina, i. 71; ob-

servations and testimony, 72, 75.
Harnett, Cornelius, iv., 260, 390, 436.
Harrison, Benjamin, in first American
congress, iv. 63; opposes Henry's
resolution, 145; on the articles of
confederation, v. 12; interview with
Walcott on exchange of prisoners,
145, 146; letter of Washington to,
298; governor of Virginia, Washing-
ton's appeal to, vi. 70; objects to the
new constitution, 376.
Harrod. James, in Kentucky, iv. 195.
Harrod, Captain W., v. 310.
Hartford, Connecticut, settlement of, i.
264; Dutch fort at, 590; comes to
the help of Boston, iv. 28; convention
of New England and New York held
in (1780), vi. 12, 13; action, etc.,
taken, 13, 14; state convention on
federal constitution meets in (1788),
394.

Hartley of Pennsylvania, in first con
gress (1789), views on protection, vi.

468.

Hartley, David, in parliament, on hiring
mercenaries, iv. 357; goes to Paris,
v. 144; sends North's propositions to
Franklin, 248; visits Franklin in
Paris, 255; sent to Paris by Fox, vi.
45, 46; meets Jay, 49; signs the
definitive treaty, 52.

Harvard college. Massachusetts, found-
ed, i. 280; a favorite, 316.
Harvey, John, governor of Virginia, i.
136; character and conduct of, 137;

Haverhill, Massachusetts, massacre at,
ii. 197.

Hawkins, Sir John, slave merchant, i.
54; the first to interest England in
the slave-trade, 125.
Hawley, Joseph, character of, iii. 233,

234; action of, 235, 239; in the
Massachusetts assembly, 432; agrees
with S. Adams, 444; opinions of, iv.
48; brave words, 61; "we must
fight," 77; advice to Samuel Adams,
272; letter to Elbridge Gerry, 428,
429; on profession of faith and civil
court, vi. 155.

Hawley, William, governor of Carolina,
i. 409.

Hayes, Colonel, murdered by Cunning-
ham, v. 479.

Hayley, of London, iv. 114.

Hayne, Isaac, unrighteously hanged by
Lord Rawdon, v. 502, 503.
Haynes, Josiah, octogenarian, at battle
of Concord, iv. 162.

Hayti, negro slaves first brought into, i.
125.

Heath, Sir Robert, patent of, for Caro-
lina, i. 408.

Heath, William, General, at retreat of
the British from Concord, iv. 164,
165; elected brigadier-general, 235;
sent by Washington with troops to
New York, 330; with Washington, v.
44, 71; refuses Lee's demand for
troops, vi. 86; Washington's orders
to, 102; in state convention of Mas-
sachusetts on federal constitution.
396.

Heemskerk, Jacob van (1595), i. 479.
Heinsius, grand pensionary of Holland,
ii. 193.

Heister, general of Hessian mercenaries,
iv. 355.

Hemp and naval stores, bounties on
(1728), ii. 241; bounties on hemp and
flax offered to the colonies by Gren-
ville (1764), iii. 71.
Hendrickson, C., explores bay and rivers
of Delaware, i. 491.
Henley, Thomas, excellent officer, killed
in battle, v. 49.

Hennepin, Louis, a Franciscan, with La
Salle, ii. 163; at the Falls of St. An-

thony, 164, 165; in English service
(1698), 189; untruthful and impu-
dent, 189.

Henrico, Virginia, founded, i. 104.
Henry VIII., king of England, voyages
in reign of, i. 60, 61; resists the pope,
179, 180.

Henry, Patrick, early life of, iii. 66;
speech of, on trial for damages to the
clergy, 66, 67; elected burgess, 110;
patriotic resolutions, 110, 112; speech
in debate, 111, 112; on slavery, 412;
influence of (1774), iv. 16; eloquence
of, 35; speech in congress, 62, 63;
opposes Galloway's plan, 70; predicts
war, 77; opinion as to Washington's
ability, 78; proposes measures of de-
fence, 144, 145; powerful speech of,
145; march of volunteers under, 179;
triumph of, sent to congress, 180, 190;
on the death of Warren, 234; elected
to command troops, 254; in civil life
again, 336; in the Virginia conven-
tion, 415; elected governor of Vir-
ginia, 428; firm friend to Washing.
ton, v. 215; in the Virginia legisla-
ture (1783), vi. 95, 96; wishes to in-
crease the power of congress, 121;
proposes legal support of Christian-
ity, 156, 157; opposed to the new
constitution, 376, 377, 378; favors a
southern confederacy, 410; in state
convention, leads opposition to federal
constitution, 426; persistent contest,
426-435; acquiesces in the result,
435, 436; course as to election of
United States senators, etc., 465.
Herbert, George, the poet, quoted, i. 114.
Herder, J. G., German author, v. 231.
Herkimer, General N., iv. 311, 312; in
the battle near Fort Stanwix, v. 168–
170; dies of a wound, 170; Klop-
stock on, 231, 232.

Hertel de Rouville, burns Salmon Falls
Village, ii. 180; also Deerfield and
Haverhill, 195, 197.

Hervey, Lieutenant, death in battle, v.
183, 184.

Hesse, landgrave of, character and prin-
ciples of, iv. 52, 353, 358; large ex-
tortion from English negotiator, 353,
354; number of men furnished, 354;
embarkation delayed, 355; country de-
pleted, wretched landgrave, 358; with
other states hires out troops to Eng-
land, v. 222, 223.
Hessians, arrive in New York, v. 27; in
battle, 31, 32; on service, 81, 89;
ravages of, in New Jersey, 89; surren-
der of, at Trenton, 99; more raised
for service against the United States,