negroes there would have been no draft.

They would have their revenge. On Fifth Avenue stood an asylum for colored children who had no father or mother to care for them. With a yell the mob rushed to the building, broke down the doors, seized the furniture, carried it off, and set the building on fire, then chased the negroes through the streets, hung

them

upon the trees, kindled fires beneath the swaying bodies, and danced in glee as they beheld the contortions of the dying men. Between twenty and thirty colored men were beaten, shot, or hung. The mob was kindly disposed towards General McClellan, visiting his house and giving cheers; but he was in New Jersey, and could not respond to their calls.

Their next visit was to the house of Judge Barnard, who was a Peace

Democrat, who made a speech and said "that the conscription was unconstitutional and an act of despotism on the part of Abraham Lincoln."

"The Tribune!" next shouted the mob.(1) A great body of police had gathered to protect the office of that newspaper. Stones were thrown, but the policemen's clubs came down upon the skulls of the rioters. Scalding water was poured upon them, and they were beaten back. Other buildings were burned, but rain began to fall, and the rioters, well satisfied with what they had done, rested for the night and made preparations for the morrow.

It was an opportune moment for them to carry out their work of destruction, for Governor Seymour, in compliance with the requisition of President Lincoln, had sent all the militia-thirteen regiments to Pennsylvania to resist the invasion of the Confederates. The outbreak had come as suddenly as the rising of a whirlwind on a calm summer day, and the police were unprepared.

In the armory on Twenty-first Street was a large quantity of ammunition and many muskets, guarded by forty policemen. The mob burst open the door, but the leader went down with a bullet through his heart. Other rioters fell; then the police, instead of maintaining the fight, fled, and the mob seized the guns and ammunition, and set the building on fire.

The rioters knocked down Colonel O'Brien, of the Eleventh New York Volunteers, and dragged him by a rope through the mud till life was extinct. Riots were going on in a dozen places at once-no longer against the draft, but for robbery and plunder. Soldiers who had been discharged from the army, others who were at home on furlough, together with small bodies of troops --five hundred in all-aided the police. All business stopped; no horse-cars ran; merchants and bankers volunteered to act as policemen. Wherever a mob was encountered it was charged upon and put to flight. But the wild beast having tasted fresh blood thirsts for more, and the rioters, having enjoyed their unbridled license, when put down in one place congregated in another.

Governor Seymour came from Albany and made an unfortunate speech to the multitude, addressing them as "My friends." He counselled obedience to the laws, but expressed his belief that the conscription was illegal, and announced his determination to have it tested in the courts. He intended and desired to allay passion, and put a stop to the rioting by pleasant words, but he soon discovered that men who were bent on plunder would not desist at the request of the governor of the State.

Nearly all the rioters were Irish men and women. Archbishop Hughes

published through the newspapers a request that they should visit him at his residence. A large crowd gathered, and he gave them good advice. It was not his speech but bullets which put an end to the rioting. While he was addressing them the New York Seventh Regiment and the police were having a battle with the real rioters, clearing the houses in which they had taken refuge, and putting an end to their plundering. In all, more than one thousand were killed, as estimated by the police. Only three policemen were killed, but many had been seriously injured.

While this was going on in New York those in Boston who were ready to resist the draft broke open a gun-shop, and obtained one hundred guns and seventy-five pistols. They attempted to break into another shop, but were driven by the police. Governor Andrew and Mayor Lincoln saw that there was trouble ahead, and prepared for it. Two regiments were ordered under arms, and two cannon placed in the armory on Cooper Street, commanded by Captain Jones, who loaded them with canister, and who said to the gathering rioters that he should fire upon them if they attempted to enter.