is the case now before me, and I can only say, that if the authority which the Constitution has confided to the Judiciary Department and Judicial officers may thus, upon any pretext or under any circumstances, be usurped by the military power at its discretion, the people of the United States are no longer living under a Government of Laws, but every citizen holds life, liberty and property at the will and pleasure of the Army officer in whose Military District he may happen to be found. In such a case my duty was too plain to be mistaken. I have exercised all the power which the Constitution and Laws confer upon me, but that power has been resisted by a force too strong for me to overcome. It is possible that the officer who has incurred this grave responsibility may have misunderstood his instructions, and exceeded the authority intended to be given him. I shall, therefore, order all the proceedings in this case, with my opinion to be filed and recorded in the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Maryland, and direct the Clerk to transmit a copy, under seal, to the President of the United States. It will then remain for that high officer, in fulfilment of his Constitutional obligation, to "take care that the laws be faithfully executed," to determine what measures he will take to cause the civil process of the United States to be respected and enforced. R. B. TANEY, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, United States. L. ORGANIZATION OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES GOVERNMENT UNDER THE PERMANENT CONSTITUTION, ON THE 22D OF FEBRUARY, 1862. JEFFERSON DAVIS, of Mississippi, President. ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS, of Georgia, Vice President. BURTON N. HARRISON, of Mississippi, Private Secretary of the President. WILLIAM H. HIDELL, of Georgia, Private Secretary of the Vice President. JUDAH P. BENJAMIN, of La., Secretary of State. William M. Browne, Assistant Secretary of State. P. P. Dandrige, Chief Clerk. CHARLES G. MEMMINGER, of S. C., Secretary of the Treasury. Philip Clayton, of Ga., Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. H. D. Capers, Chief Clerk of the Department. Lewis Cruger, of S. C., Comptroller and Solicitor. Bolling Baker, of Ga,, First Auditor. W. H. S. Taylor, of La., Second Auditor. Robert Tyler, of Va., Register. E. C. Elmore, of Ala., Treasurer. GEORGE W. RANDOLPH, of Va., Secretary of War. Albert Taylor Bledsoe, of Va., Assistant Secretary of War. Samuel Cooper, of Va., Adjutant and Inspector General of the Army. Lieutenant-Colonel B. Chilton and Captain J. Withers, of S. C., Assistant Adjutant and Inspector Generals. Colonel A. C. Myers, Acting Quartermaster General. Lieutenant-Colonel L. B. Northrop, of S. C., Commissary General. Colonel J. Gorgas, of Va., Chief of Ordnance. Colonel S. P. Moore, (M. D.,) of S. C., Surgeon-General. Captain C. H. Smith, (M. D.,) of Va., Assistant Surgeon-General. Captain Leg. G. Capers, (M. D.,) of S. C., Chief Clerk of the Medical Department. Major D. Hubbard, of Ala., Commissioner of Indian Affairs. STEPHEN R. MALLORY, of Fla., Secretary of the Navy. Com. E. M. Tidball, of Va., Chief Clerk of the Department. Com. D. N. Ingraham, of S. C., Chief of Ordnance, Construction and Repair. Captain George Minor, of Va., Inspector of Ordnance. Com. L. Rosseau, of La., Chief of Equipment, Recruiting Orders, and Detail. Captain W. A. Spottswood, (M. D.,) of Va., Chief of Medicine and Surgery. Captain John Debree, Chief of Clothing and Provisions. THOMAS H. WATTS, of Ala., Attorney-General. Wade Keyes, of Ala., Assistant Attorney-General. R. R. Rhodes, of Miss., Commissioner of Patents. G. E. W. Nelson, of Ga., Superintendent of Public Printing. R. M. Smith, of Va., Public Printer. JOHN H. REAGAN, of Texas, Postmaster-General. H. St. George Offutt, of Va., Chief Contract Bureau. B. N. Clements, of Tenn., Chief Appointment Bureau. J. L. Harrell, of Ala., Chief Finance Bureau. W. D. Miller, of Texas, Chief Clerk of Department. FIRST CONGRESS. From February 22, 1862, to February 22, 1864. SENATE. ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS, of Ga., Vice President. * Mr. Yancey died in 1863, and was succeeded by Robert Jemison, Jr. ↑ Herschel V. Johnson was elected by the Legislature in 1862 to succeed Mr. Lewis, who had been appointed by the Governor. North Carolina.-William T. Dortch, George Davis. OFFICERS OF THE SENATE.-J. H. Nash, of S. C., Secretary; E. H. Stevens, of S. C., Assistant Secretary; C. T. Bruen, of Va., Journal Clerk; J. W. Anderson, Recording Clerk; Lafayette H. Fitzhugh, of Ky., Sergeant-at-Arms; James Page of N. C., Doorkeeper. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. THOMAS S. BOсOCK, of Va., Speaker. Alabama.-Thomas J. Foster, William R. Smith, John P. Ralls, Jabez L. M. Curry, Francis S. Lyon, William P. Chilton, David Clopton, James L. Pugh, Edward S. Dargan. Arkansas.-Felix I. Batson, Grandison D. Royston, Augustus H. Garland, Thomas B. Hanly. Florida.—James B. Hawkins, Robert B. Hilton. Georgia.-Julian Hartridge, Charles J. Munnerlyn, Hines Holt, Augustus H. Kenan, David W. Lewis, William W. Clark, Robert P. Trippe, Lucius J. Gartrell, Hardy Strickland, Augustus R. Wright. Kentucky.-Willie B. Machen, John W. Crockett, Henry E. Reed, George W. Ewing, Jas. S. Chrisman, Theodore L. Burnett, H. W. Bruce, G. B. Hodge, Ely M. Bruce, Jas. W. Moore, Robt. J. Breckinridge, Jr., John M. Elliott. Louisiana.-Charles J. Villeré, Charles M. Conrad, Duncan F. Kenner, Lucien J. Dupré, Henry Marshall, John Perkins, Jr. Mississippi.-J. W. Clapp, Reuben Davis, Israel Welch, H. C. Chambers, O. R. Singleton, E. Barksdale, John J. McRae. Missouri.-Wm. M. Cook, Thomas A. Harris, Caspar W. Bell, A. H. Conrow, George G. Vest, Thomas W. Freeman. North Carolina.-W. H. N. Smith, Robert R. Bridges, Owen R. Kenan, F. D. McDowell, Archibald H. Arrington, J. R. McLean, Thomas S. Ashe, William Lander, B. S. Gaither, A. T. Davidson. South Carolina.-John McQueen, W. Porcher Miles, L. M. Ayer, (vice M. L. Bonham,) M. L. Bonham, (elected Governor and resigned,) James Farrow, William W. Boyce, Wm. D. Simpson. Tennessee.-Jos. B. Heiskell, Wm. G. Swan, Wm. H. Tibbs, E. L. Gardenhier, Henry S. Foote, Meredith P. Gentry, George W. Jones, Thomas Menees, J. D. C. Atkins, John V. Wright, David M. Currin. Texas.-John A. Wilcox, C. C. Herbert, P. W. Gray, Frank B. Sexton, M. D. Graham, B. H. Epperson, William B. Wright. Virginia.-M. R. H. Garnett, John R. Chambliss, John Tyler, Roger A. Pryor, Thomas S. Bocock, John Goode, Jr., James P. Holcombe, D. * Mr. Preston died, and was succeeded by Allen T. Caperton. C. De Jarnette, William Smith, Alexander R. Botele:, John B. Baldwin, Waller R. Staples, Walter Preston, Albert G. Jenkins, Robert Johnson, Charles W. Russell. OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE.-Emmett Dixon, of Ga., Clerk; Albert R. Lamar, of Ga., Assistant Clerk; R. H. Wynne, of Ala., Doorkeeper. SECOND CONGRESS. From February 22, 1864, to February 22, 1866. SENATE. ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS, of Ga., Vice President. North Carolina.-William T. Dortch, William A. Graham, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. THOMAS S. BOCOCK, of Va., Speaker. Alabama.-Thomas J. Foster, William R. Smith, Williamson R. W. Cobb, M. H. Cruikshank, Francis S. Lyon, William P. Chilton, David Clopton, James L. Pugh, J. S. Dickinson. Arkansas.--Felix I. Batson, Rufus K. Garland, (vacancy,) Thomas B. Hanly. Florida.-St. George Rogers, Robert B. Hilton. Georgia.-Julian Hartridge, William E. Smith, Mark H. Blanford, Clifford Anderson, J. T. Shewmake, Joseph H. Echols, James M. Smith, H. P. Bell, George N. Lester, Warren Akin. Kentucky.-William B. Machen, George W. Triplett, Henry E. Reed, George W. Ewing, James S. Chrisman, Theodore L. Burnett, H. W. Bruce, Humphrey Marshall, Ely M. Bruce, James W. Moore, Benjamin F. Bradley, John M. Elliott. Louisiana.-Charles J. Villeré, Charles M. Conrad, Duncan F. Kenner, Lucius J. Dupré, John Perkins, Jr. Mississippi.-John A. Orr, W. D. Holder, Israel Welch, Henry C. Chambers, Otho R. Singleton, Ethel Barksdale, J. T. Lampkin. Missouri.-Thomas L. Snead, N. L. Norton, John B. Clarke, A. H. Conrow, George G. Vest, Peter S. Wilkes, R. A. Hatcher. North Carolina.-W. N. H. Smith, Robert R. Bridgers, J. T. Leach, Thomas C. Fuller, Josiah Turner, Jr., John A. Gilmer, James M. Leach, James G. Ramsey, B. S. Gaither, George W. Logan. South Carolina.-James M. Witherspoon, William Porcher Miles, Lewis M. Ayer, William D. Simpson, James Farrow, William W. Boyce. Tennessee.-Joseph B. Heiskell, William G. Swan, A. S. Colyar, John P. Murray, Henry S. Foote, F. A. Keeble, James McCallum, Thomas Menees, John D. C. Atkins, John V. Wright, Michael W. Cluskey. Texas.-Stephen H. Darden, Claiborne C. Herbert, A. M. Branch, Frank B. Sexton, J. R. Baylor, S. H. Morgan. Virginia.-Robert L. Montague, Robert H. Whitfield, William C. Wickham, Thomas S. Gholson, Thomas S. Bocock, John Goode, Jr., William C. Rives, Daniel C. De Jarnette, David Funsten, F. W. M. Holliday, John B. Baldwin, Waller R. Staples, Fayette McMullen, Samuel A. Miller, Robert Johnson, Charles W. Russell. TERRITORIAL DELEGATES. Arizona.-M. H. McWillie. Cherokee Nation.-E. C. Boudinot. Choctaw Nation.-R. M. Jones. Creek and Seminole Nations.-S. B. Callahan. OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE.-Albert R. Lamar, of Ga., Clerk; James McDonald, De Louis Dalton, Henry G. Lowring, Assistant Clerks; R. H. Wynne, of Ala., Doorkeeper. LIST OF GENERAL OFFICERS IN THE CONFEDERATE STATES ARMY. The following statistics of the Confederate Army organization at the inauguration of the Fermanent Government, from want of access to the Confederate Archives, have been compiled in part from a list furnished the Charleston Courier, about the time, by its Richmond correspondent, and in part from a list in Appleton's Annual Cyclopædia for 1862. In the lists of Major-Generals and Brigadier-Generals, the regular order of appointment is not observed, but it is believed that these lists are otherwise correct. GENERALS IN THE REGULAR ARMY. 1. *Samuel Cooper...... 4. *Joseph Eggleston Johnston.... Virginia. Virginia, |