THE SEVENTY-FIRST INFANTRY.

265 Co. C-Captain, John T. Maddux; 1st Lieutenant, Thomas G. Black; 2d Lieutenant, James G. Seward.

Co. D-Captain, George W. Fox; 1st Lieutenant, Isaac P. Wilson; 2d Lieutenant, William M. Lewis.

Co. E-Captain, Daniel D. Snyder; 1st Lieutenant, William H. Hinman; 2d Lieutenant, George Dempsey.

Co. F-Captain, Alfred Comings; 1st Lieutenant, Charles P. Fleshbein; 2d Lieutenant, William J. Allen.

Co. G-Captain, Newton Harlan; 1st Lieutenant, Joseph Beyles; 2d Lieutenant, Daniel O. Martin.

Co. H-Captain, James O. Donald; 1st Lieutenant, John A. Robinson; 2d Lieutenant, Albert Braxton.

Co. I-Captain, James Hudson; 1st Lieutenant, George Wilderboor; 2d Lieutenant, William T. Hudson.

Co. K-Captain, George R. Brumlay; 1st Lieutenant, Robert W. Musgrave; 2d Lieutenant, Henry A. Club.

SEVENTY-FIRST ILLINOIS INFANTRY.

The 71st regiment was organized and mustered into the service at Camp Douglas, Chicago, July 26, 1862, with the following roster:

Colonel, Othniel Gilbert; Lieutenant-Colonel, James O. P. Burnside; Major, De Witt C. Marshall; Adjutant, Henry G. Hicks; Quartermaster, James H. Moore; Chaplain, William C. Mason.

Co. A-Captain, Jerome B. Fuller; 1st Lieutenant, Edward Lafferty; 2d Lieutenant, Charles C. Jamison.

Co. B-Captain, Luther W. Black; 1st Lieutenant, George W. Snyder; 2d Lieutenant, Emanuel Stover.

Co. C-Captain, Charles A. Summers; 1st Lieutenant, Charles E. Hartman; 2d Lieutenant, Solomon N. Nebleck.

Co. D-Captain, Horatio G. Coykendall; 1st Lieutenant, James L. Smedley; 2d Lieutenant, Charles C. Huntley.

Co. E-Captain, Charles Parker; 1st Lieutenant, Aaron S. Hadley; 2d Lieutenant, William D. Lattimer.

Co. F-Captain, Pliny L. Fox; 1st Lieutenant, Benjamin H. Towner; 2d Lieutenant, James N. Phillips.

Co. G-Captain, William H. Weaver; 1st Lieutenant, James C. Tice; 2d Lieutenant, Thomas B. Collins.

Co. H-Captain, Theodore M. Brown; 1st Lieutenant, James W. Heffington; 2d Lieutenant, George W. Pittman.

Co. I-Captain, Jesse P. M. Howard; 1st Lieutenant, David P. Murphy; 2d Lieutenant, John M. Loy.

Co. K-Captain, James Creed; 1st Lieutenant, Flavius J. Carpenter; 2d Lieutenant, Absalom A. Lasater.

CHAPTER XVI.

FROM ATLANTA TO MILLEN.

TOWARD THE SEA-COMMUNICATIONS CUT-IMPEDIMENTA REMOVED THE EAGLE'S WINGS-COMPOSITION-GENeral Orders FOR THE CAMPAIGN-SOLDIERLY AND STATESMANLIKE-SUPPLIES-SHERMAN AND THE ATLANTA AUTHORITIES-ATLANTA BURNT"ON TO THE SEA "-ASTONISHMENT AT SHERMAN'S PLAN-REBEL READING-ENGLISH VIEWS-NORTHERN OPINIONS-HIS FAITH IN THOMAS-FOUR COLUMNS-ADVANCES— SKIRMISHES-MACON-WOLCOTT WOUNDED-IRWINTON-INTO MILLEDGEVILLE-NEW LEGISLATURE THANKSGIVING-REBEL PRONUNCIAMENTOES-THE FOUR RIVERS-GRISWOLDSVILLE-SANDERSVILLE-KILPATRICK'S MARCH ON MILLEN-FALLS BACK-Is ASSAULTED-DEFENCE-LOUISVILLE-READY TO GO SOUTH.

W

E resume the march toward the sea. Thomas was entrusted

with holding Hood at Nashville until ready to crush him, and render his army no longer capable of mischief. Sherman was about to cut all connections between his army and Washington, between his men and their homes, between his Grand Army and the stores of the Government; his men were to march to the sea before they could send or receive messages from their families, and henceforth their living was to be drawn from the country they traversed. The 15th and 17th Army Corps were moved deliberately to the neighborhood of Smyrna, Kilpatrick's cavalry and the 20th were at Atlanta, and the 14th marched to Kingston, where Sherman arrived in person November 2d. Here he put his army in light marching order-extra baggage and artillery, the small army of refugees, the sick, wounded -in short all impedimenta were sent to Chattanooga. On the 11th Sherman sent his final dispatch to Halleck, and on the 12th his command was isolated. General Corse destroyed bridges, manufactories, etc., at Rome; Steadman gathered the garrisons northward from Kingston, and with the public property, rails and railway stock, backward from Resaca, went into Chattanooga. The railway between

the Ostanaula and Etowah was not destroyed, as it seemed important to leave it for General Thomas should he find it necessary to occupy the country to the Etowah line.

Two huge wings were to envelop the rebellion. The right, under Howard, composed of the 15th Corps, commanded by Osterhaus, and the 17th under Blair; the left was under Slocum, with the 14th under Jeff. C. Davis, and the 20th commanded by General A. S. Williams. In the 15th Army Corps were the divisions of Woods, Hazen, John E. Smith and Corse. We meet in Hazen's command the scarred veterans organized by Sherman at Paducah, and led by him at Shiloh, and commanded afterward by David Stuart, Smith and Blair. The 17th Army Corps comprised the divisions of Mower, Leggett and Giles A. Smith. The 14th Army Corps comprised the divisions of Carlin, James D. Morgan and Baird. The 20th, to form which the 11th and 12th Army Corps of the Army of the Potomac had been consolidated, consisted of the divisions of Jackson, Geary and Ward. The aggregate of infantry was about 60,000. There was a division of cavalry under Kilpatrick, 5,500 strong; this was divided in two brigades commanded by Colonel E. H. Murray of Kentucky, and Colonel Smith D. Atkins of the famous 92d Illinois mounted Infantry. There was one field gun to each thousand men.

On the 14th the entire force was again grouped around the doomed city of Atlanta.

On the 9th, while at Kingston, the Commander-in-Chief issued the general orders for the great campaign. The first directed the grand march to be, whenever practicable, by four roads as nearly parallel as possible to converge under orders from head-quarters; the cavalry was to receive special orders from himself.

"III. There will be no general trains of supplies, but each corps will have its ammunition and provision train distributed as follows: Behind each regiment should follow one wagon and one ambulance; behind each brigade should follow a due proportion of ammunition wagons, provision wagons and ambulances. In case of danger each army corps commander should change this order of march by having his advance and rear brigades unencumbered by wheels. The separate columns will start habitually at seven A. M., and make about fifteen miles a day, unless otherwise fixed in orders.

"IV. The army will forage liberally on the country during the march. To this end each brigade commander will organize a good and sufficent foraging party under the command of one or more discreet officers, who will gather, near the route trav

eled, corn or forage of any kind, meat of any kind, vegetables, corn, meat, or whatever is needed by the command; aiming, at all times, to keep in the wagon trains at least ten days' provision for the command, and three days' forage. Soldiers must not enter the dwellings of the inhabitants, or commit any trespass: during the halt or at camp they may be permitted to gather turnips, potatoes, and other vegetables, and drive in stock in front of their camps. To regular foraging parties must be entrusted the gathering of provisions and forage at any distance from the road traveled.

"V. To army corps commanders is entrusted the power to destroy mills, houses, cotton-gins, etc., and for them this general principle is laid down: In districts and neighborhoods where the army is unmolested, no destruction of such property should be permitted; but should guerrillas or bushwhackers molest our march, or should the inhabitants burn bridges, obstruct roads, or otherwise manifest local hostility, then army corps commanders should order and enforce a devastation more or less relentless, according to the measure of such hostility.

"VI. As for horses, mules, wagons, etc., belonging to the inhabitants, the cavalry and artillery may appropriate fully and without limit, discriminating however, between the rich, who are usually hostile, and the poor or industrious, usually neutral or friendly. Foraging parties may also take mules or horses to replace the jaded animals of their trains, or to serve as pack-mules for regiments or brigades. In all foraging of whatever kind, the parties engaged will refrain from abusive or threatening language, and may, when the officer in command thinks proper, give certificates of the facts, but no receipts; and they will endeavor to leave with each family a reasonable portion for their maintenance.

"VII. Negroes who are able bodied, and can be of service to the several columns, may be taken along; but each army commander will bear in mind that the question of supplies is a very important one, and that his first duty is to see to those who bear arms."

There were also orders to pioneer battalions to prepare roads, crossings, etc., and requiring Captain O. M. Poe, Chief Engineer, to assign each wing a pontoon train and require its protection.

These orders are the evidence alike of high military ability and statesmanship. The army of the Union must march to the sea. The enemy would not suffer uninterrupted communication with its base of supplies in the rear. Then the enemy's country should furnish the supplies. It had abundance; its soil was rich; its fields and gardens were full; its granaries freshly replenished, its barns plethoric Sherman would compel the country which made the war support his army as well as that of Hood. All that was right. It was politic to say that private property should be treated according to the spirit of the owners. Houses, mills and cotton-gins might stand it there was quiet submission; if there was the contrary they should light the pathway of the grand march-the residents might choose.

There was partial immunity and complete personal safety to such as acquiesced; as for others their "treason was made odious," and they must suffer. We had learned after a long discipline and a costly pupilage, that war was something terribly and deadly earnest, and that only when the interior South should feel its ravages could we hope to bring it to an end.

This came out more fully in Sherman's correspondence with the authorities of Atlanta. He ordered the city to be vacated by its inhabitants, and an earnest protest was sent in by the Mayor and councilmen. He answered in a letter worthy of preservation among the noted military documents of history. We can only give a few passages.

"I give full credit to your statements of the distress that will be occasioned, and yet shall not revoke my order, simply because my orders are not destined to meet the humanities of the case, but to prepare for the future struggle in which millions, yea hundreds of millions of good people outside of Atlanta have a deep interest. We must have peace not only in Atlanta, but in all America. To secure this we must stop the war that now desolates our once happy and favored country. To stop the war we must defeat the rebel armies that are now arrayed against the laws and constitution which all men must respect and obey.

"War is cruelty, and you cannot refine it; and those who brought war on our country deserve all the curses and maledictions a people can pour out.

"You might as well appeal against the thunder storm as against the terrible hardships of war. They are inevitable, and the only way the people of Atlanta can hope once more to live in peace and quiet at home is to stop this war, which can alone be done by admitting that it began in error, and is perpetuated in pride. We don't want your negroes, nor your horses, or your houses, or your land, or anything you have; but we do want and will have a just obedience to the laws of the United States."

On the 15th of November, by his orders, Atlanta was wrapped in a general conflagration, and in the glow of its flames commenced the grand march

"From Atlanta to the sea."

The publication of Sherman's plan astonished the world. Rebel journals expressed their pleasure, and assured the world that it was what, above all things, they most desired. In the East Lee had Grant just where he wanted him, and now Sherman, abandoning