1

mitted to another the discharge of those duties to which his office bound himself, and which he ought to have discharged in person, as he received in person, the homage due to his office. Was he worthy of his crown, who, when his duty called him to the council table, to advise, to direct, to confirm, was driving ventre à terre to his country seat, to mispend his hours in the amusement of shooting hares,

must tell, and every victim must fall? We reproach as indolent, effeminate, fit only for the Zenana, the nabobs of India, yet, the nabob who delivers his dominions from a tyger, may claim some gratitude from his subjects, as he does them some service: he meets a noble antagonist, with a spirit superiorly noble; his courage and his skill are evident; let us do him justice; these qualities much more become a throne than the valiant employment of making war on the peaceful tenants of the field, driven to the slaughter, not chased by him who slaughters them. But, in what language shall the Panorama allude to the

It was a noble saying of John, King of, France, when prisoner to the Black Prince, that "if truth were banished from the minds of all other men, she ought to find a sacred asylum in those of kings and princes." The absence of truth is a fatal symptom of moral asthenia-debility, as well in governments and public functionaries as in the concerns of private life. What shall we think of a king who not long since publicly-in, a small court-yard, where every shot professed to abdicate his throne with perfect willingness, on account of his age and infirmities, yet has since attempted to resume it, and affirms with equal publicity and positiveness, that he was forced to his former act, and executed it with extreme unwillingness? What shall we think of his son, who terrified his father and sovereign into a surrender of his dignity, yet now affects to say, that the moment he had, reason to believe that his father's former resignation was involuntary, he hastened to lay his newly acquired honours at his feet, to return to the humble station of a subject, and to resume the course of his duty? Das-presiding female of the Spanish court? We ards! Is it for such chiefs, however placed over them by fortune, that subjects shall spill their blood? They who have little to lose, yet to whom that little is their all, shall -they exert themselves in defending those who have abandoned riches and rank together with the paths of honour, and have shewn themselves unworthy of being defended? What shall excite the people to shake off their natural indolence, to abandon the comforts of home, and to endure the hardships they must meet in opposing the enemy? The honour of their prince?-He has shewn himself indillerent to his honour; why should they concern themselves to vindicate what he relinquishes? The welfare of their country?-why should they be so jealous of that, when those to whom it was entrusted by virtue of their office, demonstrated to what little consideration it was entitled in their opinion. By what arguments shall a patriot fan the expiring flame in the bosom of his friend and ,country man? Shall be bid him arouse and fight for his king? The king does not fight for himself:-for his prince?-the prince can urge no claim where he has shewn no virtue :

love and honour the sex; how then can we, without breach of that gallantry which we esteem a virtue, describe a personage so exalted as a queen, when the ingredients of that description must needs excite disgust?

"It is difficult to conceive that harlotry "forehead," said a travelled Englishman, our informant, "which marks the queen of Spain. The first time I saw her, I was "with the king in his apartment, when the

66

queen was announced; and I was so com"pletely deceived as to the character of the "female whom I saw enter, believing her to "be a servant of the palace, that when the "king introduced me to her as the queen, I

was almost deprived of the power of utterance. Her dress had been white, but”— "Do you think, -, she could have been, in her younger life, so profligate as report affirms?"

"I cannot answer that: but if you ask "me my belief, I can believe any thing of "one (and I saw her frequently for many "years) whose effrontery was so little marked by delicacy on every occasion."

We vouch for the accuracy of our quotation but abstain from further remark. We triumph not over the fallen: sull less, would we be guilty of unmanly triumph over a fe male fallen from the heights of grandeur: but it will be recollected that ve are merely the narrators of facts unhappily too notoriou. The abyss of misery is adjacent to the vortex of vice and high station is no protection. against the anguish of guilt, or the pangs of remorse.

for the constitution? those who should guard the constitution deride it for the grandecs? they are sunk in effeminacy:- for the nation at large?-Alas, for the nation at large, when on all sides, as the eye turns around in the Panoramic contemplation of a country, it beholds no object on which to Test, no groupe worthy of its attention, no elevation attractive by its grandeur, no extensive champaign exhilarating by its enjoyments! What shall we think of this court-The Turning with more than customary readiness, court of Spain was brilliant: but the principals from considerations so aliea from our feelof it were vicious: the king, because he comings, we should be glad to relieve ourselves

of the

..

we de

by the contemplation of manly accomplish-whelmed with debt in spite of the income nients and intellectual vigour in the person of arising from a great estate, and let no man the heir apparent. We had flattered ourselves be startled at the inference-he marks such that here we might have met with a strong as sure cards, when the game comes to their sense of honour, and the conscious dignity turn to be played. We repeat, with all the of virtue, with amenity of manners, and a assurance that the best possible information strict regard to truth, with politeness united can authorize, that he has succeeded in his to integrity, chearfulness to decorum, and undertakings not more by the energy of his the expence of elegance to the correctness of own efforts, than by the pusillanimity, the punctuality in those too little regarded minu- cowardice, the imbecility, the folly, to sum tie, among the great-the application of up all in one word, the immorality and vice, their finances. Can a strong sense of honour, personal and political, of the governors and and the conscious dignity of virtue, reside in governments with which he has had to-strugthat bosom which could stoop to curry favour gle in many cases it has not amounted to a by announcing its intention of soliciting a struggle-which he has had to frown into obeunion with some princess [PRINCESS!] of dience. He has bribed high in his time: the present royal family of France:" which no man higher: no man so high: if every could entreat as a special boon from the exu- man was properly exalted whose palm has berant bounty of the most munificent emperor been open to the gratifications of Bonaparte, and king, the fair hand of some offal spinster certain courts of Europe would be less crowdroyal blood?"-What cottager in ed than they are on gala days. But not Britain, what batchelor, not yet provided to lose sight of our principal mark; with a cottage, would condescend to receive sire to recall our readers to the recollection of at the choice of Buonaparte, a wife picked out the management practised on Spain by for him by that anomalous potentate from Buonaparte, because the people-observe, we among his brood? The youngster would sur- do not say the court-had remained proof, lily desire to choose for himself, at least, if generally speaking, against the crafty arts of he must be honoured with such a connexion; his agents. Indeed, it is but doing the Spanish -but, if his majesty would graciously nobility justice, to allow, that the bulk of please to grant him permission to decline them ;vere more free than nobles of the same the blessing,-gallantry apart, and no of degree in other courts on the continent from fence to the lady, he would not give him the contamination of French principles. They the trouble of repeating the hint of such a were not wholly lost to a strong sense of special favour. Why did not the Prince of honorr. They were of lively feelings, when Asturias, as the first subject of the crown, animated; and when they found themselves inspire the Spanish nobles with sentiments of insulted or contemned, they could enter into devoted patriotism for their country, and of every sentiment which impells human nature zealous respect for himself? why not erect in such cases. The nobility, the gentry and the standard of honourable feeling, in oppo- the peasantry of Spain, were in no trifling sition to Gallic machinations, though de- degree, in a political sense, isolated from the cency did not permit an opposition to the rest of Europe: hence they preserved the public injunctions of the sovereign? Those characteristics of their nation: hence Spain who for saw the intentions of Bonaparte, remained inflexibly opposed to the felicities and who has not foreseen them for many of the French revolution hence it maintainmonths ?-might surely have been alive to ed but little intimacy with French travelthe consequences, and prepared to meet them, lers, alias spies: and hence even in time of had their virtue been genuine. Did they not peace, as peace has stood of late years, noknow that this usurper made a rule of giving thing was more common than to see a Frenchto his generals who have atchieved conquests, man murdered in the streets of Madrid, mereextensive grants of lands in the countries they ly because he was a Frenchman, the perpetrahave conquered? Did they not know that tor always taking care to be near some church: he apportions out on very good intelligence, and the populace considering the affair as a those estates that furnish loppings and top- thing of course; beholding it in the coolest pings, to such and such generals? That he manner imaginable-as merely a Frenchman knows the rental of almost [or quite] every rious petty states of Germany, Prussia and the less. Flanders, Holland, Italy, the va great estate in Europe, and if the owner cannot take care of it for himself, the Em- even Austria may be said, by the general inperor will kindly take the trouble off his tercourse of the different classes of society bands? Nay more, he knows who is overwith Frenchmen, before, and much more since the revolution, to have become Frenchified in no small proportion. This we know to have been part of the revolutionary system of Colbert, originally, and of republican France more especially, to the destruction ofor

For a character of the Prince of the Peace as a nian and a statesman, vide Panorama, Vol. IV. p. 388.

der, morals, religion and peace. Spain however, obstinately shut her eyes against this new light, and we have been assured by a Spanish nobleman of unquestionable information, that even the Catalonians, whose province borders on France, two of whose vigueries or territories are in Rousillon and belong to the French, and numbers of whom have landed property in France, had not been tainted by French contagion. Catalonia indeed, is one of those provinces to which we alluded in our last Periscope, as likely to maintain a determined resistance against the intended changes in Spain. If Buonaparte touches one of their privileges they will to a man fly to arms. If he has been able to stimulate the jealousies of certain interests against others, and thereby to paralyze the efforts that would be made, and are making; if he has glozed over his projects by fair promises, and persuaded any considerable inass of the people to believe him, then we presume not to anticipate the issue. At present we are assured, this is not the case, and Buonaparte felt that it was not the case, when he found himself under the necessity of depriving Spain of forty thousand of her best troops, partly to weaken her strength, partly as hostages for her good behaviour, in other words, for her blind obedience to his 'mandates.

heard repeatedly to declare that he would willingly travel a hundred miles on foot, for an opportunity of shaking Buonaparté by the hand properly!!" He is of an antient family, and we have been told, in answer to a hint we dropped on the immobility of Spanish pride, that no man need to be ashamed of serving under him. But, his lady is still more of a HERO than he is: she is accustomed to ride astride, en militaire, with pistols in the holsters of her saddle, and if report say true, is not imcompetent to head a battalion, and knows how to command it. They have no family (unless it be very lately) and the Marquis will not want for spirit and decision, if the councils of the Marchioness have their full effect on him.

The states of Asturias are a regular body, which once in three years meets at Oviedo for the transaction of public business: unfortunately for Buonaparté this is the periodical year of their assembly: and being in sittings when the news arrived of the events that had taken place at Bayonne, they immediately seized the opportunity to issue their mandates, and the probability is, that they will be obeyed very generally. Their country is naturally strong; is seated on the sea coast opposite to Britain, and, if they are so inclined, they can hold a free intercourse with her. We must also remind our readers, that, Reports this moment arrived, state, that all Buonaparté has been so little satisfied as to the northern provinces of Spain have joined the disposition of the Spaniards, that he has the insurgents: that the Andalusians have taken special care not to venture his dear per- executed Don Solano, Governor of Cadiz, son among them. In truth, he is in the for his intention of betraying that city, and oright: for au emperor and king being infi-the Spanish fleet to the French: (the same fate nately more valuable than a general, is intitled to take every caution, and precaution, too, against another Machine Infernale, not played off by one of his own partizans. He has reason to dread assassination, if he enters Spain: but accounts from thence manifest that this is not all he has to dread. We learn that several provinces are in insurrection against his treachery, and that a vigorous opposition to his dictates is planned. Our fear is, that it is not so extensively concerted as it should be, that several popular commotions, will not have the force of resis -tance that would characterize one vast mass of determined and well arranged opposition. Nevetheless, having dropped this hint, we *shall state what our information enables us to offer: There is an insurrection in Cata-Jonia, another in Arragon, another in Astubrias: from that in Asturias deputies have -arrived in England, soliciting aid: and aid has been granted them, in about 300,000 dollars, a large quantity of arms, and ammu⚫inition. This insurrection is organized by the Marquis of Santa Cruz, in conjunction with the states of Asturias. The Marquis in a military oficer of repute; about thirty four years of age; and a man who has been

had attended Don Alivala, and the Governor of Carthagena,) that these insurgents had seized the passes of the Sierra Morena; which form a formidable barrier to the south of Spain. We shall, however, freely confess, that intelligence from the north of Spain of a general combination of heart and hand among the inhabitants, is in our opinion of the greatest consequence: a few days may put us in possession of this: for that something not very pleasant to the Emperor and king has occurred, we augur from the assurances of the Moniteur that all was perfectly tranquil in these particular provinces; and from the little real intelligence that is suffered to transpire from the other side of the Pyrennees, via France.

We have already hinted that humanity shudders at the events approaching; if this incident have no small influence on the termination of that career which has astonished Europe,if the Spanish insurrection be but a prelude to other meditated insurrections, waiting only for a little success to attend the present,-if other parts of subju gated Europe should 'ere long shew, that they too have not forgotten what liberty was, then will these speculations be recollected with

advantage, and the sources of our intelligence be acknowledged as both early and correct. It is probable, that our next may include some idea of the military plans in contempla'tion for the defence of Spain. We know that such exist:: but we know too the duty we owe to human nature, and to our country: Silence is now prudence. The order of events is, in our conjecture, Spain: Austria: Prussia Turkey Russia: the die is thrown up: on what side it will fall, exceeds the powers of human prescience to affirm.

since this prince mentioned his intention of heading his army in Finland: Caulincourt the French ambassador, having had a hint of this, demanded of Alexander whether it were true: on being answered in the affirmative, "THEN," said the Frenchman, " I MUST GO WITH YOU."-The emperor's intention has never since been heard of.-Our readers will not fail to recollect that Caulincourt was the assassin of the Duke d'Enghien.

A slight glimpse at the state of America, must close these observations. The temper of We are mistaken if this country does not, the people is subsiding into a recollected regard at this moment, hold in her hands the poli- for Britain. The embargo, which prevents tical destiny of the World. If Spain is over- that regard from being manifested, is eluded, whelmed by Buonaparté: Spanish South where possible; and where not possible is America becomes independent, under British borne with grudging, and infinite vexation. protection. If Spain triumphs, Buonaparté It has acted with a violence not foreseen, and falls: The Spanish army in the North is not wished for, by Mr. Jefferson, on his good probably well informed of what passes at friends the French, at St. Domingo, and home, by British assiduity: and if Spanish starvation, it is thought, will oblige the Gallic America is deficient in correct intelligence, troops to evacuate that island. It is held in a British ministers are deficient in understand-detestation against which no measures had ing and policy.-The following bulletin was this day distributed by ministers.

been taken in the western districts of the United States: and we cannot think that a mere attempt to experiment his authority could influence the President to publish the following PROCLAMATION.

"Yesterday two Galician Deputies arrived at the Admiralty; they came from Corunna, where Captain Tremlett, of the Alomene, landed, and was at the sittings of the committee. Every "Whereas information has been received English prisoner, to the number of 120, was rethat sundry persons are combined or combining leased and sent to our squadron-the greatest enthusiasm prevailed-all the troops, to the amount and confederating together on Lake Champlain of 30,000 regulars, and 300,000 patriot citizens, and the country thereunto adjoining, for the were in full march for Madrid, to avenge their purpose of forming insurrections against the slaughtered citizens-8000 Spanish troops in O- authority of the United States, for opposing porto have seized the French general, and are also the same and obstructing their execution; and on their march to join their countrymen. An ac- that such combinations are too powerful to tion took place off the port of Carthagena, be- be suppressed by the ordinary course of juditween the French and a detached squadron of Lord cial proceedings, or by the powers vested in Collingwood, when two sail of the line, several the marshals by the laws of the United States: frigates and transports, having on board 8,000-Now, therefore, to the end that the au French troops, intended for Carthagena, were wholly taken, sunk or destroyed, and another French ship, which ran into that port, was seized by the armed citizens. The action took place on the 24th of May."

But we must not altogether lose sight of events passing elsewhere: Buonaparte has united Tuscany to France, as an integral part of his empire: this surprizes nobody. He has also dismissed the Conclave of Cardinals from Rome and taken possession of the ecclesiastical states; his language on this occasion deserves attention. We have been anxious to learn, whether the cardinals have entered any protest against this violation of their privileges and whether the Pope has had the courage to say any thing farther than what we preserved in Panorama, Vol. IV. p. 167. We have obtained no definite intelligence on this subject.

:

Military affairs in the Baltic remain much as they were. The Russians have bought their advantages very dearly and we have repeated assurances that their emperor feels the galling weight of the yoke he wears. It is not long

:

thority of the laws may be maintained, and that those concerned, directly or indirectly, in

any insurrection or combination against the same, may be duly warned, I have issued this my proclamation, hereby commanding such insurgents, and all concerned in such combinations, instantly and without delay, to disperse and retire peaceably to their respective abodes. And I do hereby further require and command all officers having authority, civil or military, who shall be found within the vicinage of such insurrections or combinations, to seize upon all those therein concerned who shall not instantly, and without delay, disperse and retire to their respective abodes, and deliver them over to the civil authority of the place, to be proceeded against according

to law. T. JEFFERSON."

The banks of the Mississipi are a scene of stagnation or of confusion-would there be any thing really wonderful if the issue of this enibargo should be a SEPARATION of the DISUNITED STATES OF AMERICA? if not imme diately, yet in no very distant period of time.