turist enforces his advice, by the strongest of all recommendation, a reference to his own example. It is surely unnecessary for us to add, that conduct like this, at all times, but particularly in the present situation of affairs, is far more commendable in the nobility and higher circles, than dancing attendance at the petits soupers of a foreign stage singer! And though the tyrant of the continent says we shall have no commerce, yet he will in the end perceive, that he is benefiting this country, by forcing us to call forth such resources as we never imagined in our power; it becomes us here to notice, that Lord Somerville has presented her Majesty with a Merino dress of exquisite delicacy, manufactured from his lordship's prime Merino flock, by Mr. Frederick Smith, of Norwich-this article, made from English wool, is likely to be much worn by our nobility, and other ladies of fashion.

Fall in the Price of Copper-Within the last six months, a very considerable fall has taken place in the price of the article of copper: the cause is, the great success of the Ross Island Mining Company at Killarney, who have been able to raise and send to this country during the last year, no less than 73,284 cwt. of copper ore. This is to be considered as one among the many and growing advantages resulting from the Union of this country and Ireland.

Smithfield Market.-The Bishop of London has recommended to the corporation of the city, that the market held in Smithfield on Monday, should be changed to some other day in the week, on the ground that the preparations for the market interferes with the duties of the preceding Sabbath.

Clergy.-Dr. Swabey, and Dr. Adams, advocates of the Court of Arches, have given their decided opinions upon an important question respecting a curate's licence."That every licence granted to a curate "terminates on the death of the incumbent "who gave the nomination; that the suc. "ceeding rector may nominate any other clergyman to the cure, and claim a fresh "licence from the Bishop of the Diocese."

it contains about 100 yards in surface, extending from a single stem upwards of 20 yards in length, and about five in height; it is supposed to bear three cwt. of grapes: a considerable quantity of good wine is annually made from it.

Raven at Sea. A very large raven lighted on board the American ship Edward, lately arrived at Glasgow from Savannah, when 900 miles from land. The Captain had its wings clipt, keeps it as a curiosity, and it feeds with the fowls.-Globe, March 8.

Lottery. The following statement of the produce of Lotteries, for 12 years back, shew that the profits to government have increased since 1802 (when the new regulations took place), to nearly double what they were in the preceding six years, namely, from £1,754,074, to £3,019,894; besides increased profits on incidents, such as postage of letters, stamps, advertisements, &c. which may fairly be taken, for the last six years, at half a million more; thus the whole increased benefit, in six years, is about two millions. 1796... £354,154 | 1802 £555,000

352,333

434,625

...

580,624

...

444,890 1806 324,480 1807

£1,754,074

Manner of clearing Barns and Outhouses, from Mites and Weevils-The following method is practised in Germany, for ridding granaries of mites and weevils. Let the walls and rafters, above and below, of such granaries as are infested, be covered completely with quicklime, slacked in water, in which trefoil, wormwood, and hyssop, have been boiled. This composition should be applied as hot as possible. A farmer who had the granaries empty in June last, collected quantities of the largest sized ants in sacks, and scattered them about the places infested with weevils. The ants immediately fell upon and devonred them all.

IRELAND.

New Dock.-The Custom-house Dock of Dublin having been found unequal to the trade of that city, government have determined to accumulate the merchants by another very capacious Dock, eastward of the Custom-house.

A Curious Fact.-Arthur M'Anally, the post-boy between Antrim and Belfast, has, within the last two years, travelled on horseback, 18,080 Irish, and 24,155 English miles; a distance very nearly equal to the circumference of the globe. It is remarkable of this boy, now about 17, that he never tires on horseback, and that he enjoys uninterrupted good health.

PARLIAMENTARY HISTORY. CHAP. II.-Papers relating to the Expedi tion to the Dardanelles-Austria-Russia-Orders of Council-Cold Bath Fields Prison---Petitions for PeaceLord Lake's Monument-Copenhagen Expedition, etc. FEBRUARY 15.-After a long and tedious debate, in the upper house, a motion of Lord Auckland, for going into a committec on the late Orders in Council, was negatived by a division: 106 against 48.

On the same evening, in the House of Commons, Mr. Taylor, with a view of instituting an inquiry into the late expedition to the Dardanelles, moved an address to his Majesty, for a copy of the treaty of alliance concluded between Turkey and Great Britain, Jan. 5, 1799; for a copy of lord Elgin's dispatches, connected with the Turkish treaty with Russia; for a copy of a treaty concluded by Sir Sidney Smith and Mr. Spencer Smith, &c. &c.-Agreed to.

FEBRUARY 16.-Mr. Whitbread moved for a variety of additional papers relating to the proposed Austrian and Russian mediations; particularly the dispatch of lord G. L. Gower, which contained minutes of lord Hutchinson's conversation with the Emperor of Russia, previously to the peace of Tilsit.

Lord Gower, in reply to some of his observations, stated, that, in a conference which he had himself had with the Emperor Alexander, that monarch had, with great warmth, urged the charges, of neglecting to furnish him with military aid, against the late administration of this country. He (lord G.) in that conversation, had stated such reasons as appeared to him to justify the conduct of the late ministers.-He added, that M. Alopeus, the Russian minister in this country, had transmitted a note to his right hon. friend, repeating those charges, and even pointing out different parts of the Continent, where a division might have been made. În answer to that note, his right hon. friend had transmitted to M. Alopeus a defence of his Majesty's government; copy of which he (lord G.) had received whilst in Russia. To him it appeared satisfactory. With respect to the conversation of lord Hutchinson, he had not transmitted it to this country as an official dispatch, from an accredited minister, but, confidentially, as the private conversation of a man, who was in habits of intimacy with the Eniperor.

Mr. Canning resisted the production of the dispatch in question, on the same ground. Lord Hutchinson, he contended was no more than any other private gentleman, who might have gone to the court of St. Petersburgh for

a

his own pleasure; and, if a precedent were to be admitted, for receiving private communications, it would at any time be in the power of a party to destroy the effect of official dispatches. After further discussion, the motion for lord Gower's dispatch was negatived, without a division; but most of the other papers were granted,

FEBRUARY 18.-Lord Grenville observed, that the Order of Council of Nov. 10, professed to be immediately founded upon information received by ministry, that the decree of the French Emperor had recently been executed with increased rigour. As this averment was at variance with the communication from the American minister of October 18, and with all the accounts which he had been able to collect from any quarter, he conceived it necessary for the satisfaction of parliament, and the justification of ministers, that the substance and dates of such information as they received should be laid on the table.

Lord Hawkesbury opposed the motion on the ground that it would be productive of the most serious injury, both to the public service and to individuals, were ministers to disclose the communications of secret agents or of commercial houses, who might occasionally inform government of facts of importance to the interests of their country.-After some debate, a division took place, and the motion was carried against ministers 47 to 38.

Lord Sidmouth moved a resolution for an address to his Majesty, praying that the ships taken at Copenhagen might be kept in such a state as not to preclude, or put to hazard, the possibility of their being eventually restored, on the conclusion of a general peace.-This motion was negatived, on a division, by 105

to 51.

On the same evening, in the House of Commons, a debate took place on the motion for the second reading of the indemnity bill, relating to the Orders in Council; the principle of which was very ably supported by the advocate general, as a measure of necessity and strict justice. On a division, the second reading was carried by 214 against 94.

Mr. Sheridan brought up a petition, stat ing a number of abuses which were said to prevail in the Cold-Bath Fields Prison, similar to those which were alledged in the year 1800. In consequence of informality in the instrument, Mr. S. withdrew it, and brought it forward in another form on the succeeding day. It was stated by ministers, that private applications had been made to them on the same subject: had they been public and regular, government would, ere this, have instituted an enquiry into the alledged abuses [Compare Panorama, Vol. III. p. 1397.]

FEBRUARY 22.-Colonel Stanley having presented a petition from a number of the

trading inhabitants of Bolton, in Lancashire, stating the injury and distress which they sustained from the war, and praying that the House of Commons would take such steps, under the sanction of his Majesty, as would accord with the honour and dignity of the nation, in restoring the blessings of peace ;Mr. Canning observed, that no difference whatever existed, either in fact or in opinion, between the petitioners and himself, on the subject of obtaining a peace. He, therefore, not only did not object to the petition lying on the table, but he trusted that the prayer and purport of it never would be out of the eye of the House. This petition was followed by several others, of a similar description, in the course of the succeeding month.

On the same evening, the Chancellor of the Exchequer moved a prohibitory clause, in the bill before the House, respecting cotton and Peruvian bark, to prevent our exporting then to the enemy's territory.-The latter was strenuously and repeatedly objected to, as a barbarous and inhuman measure; but it was ultimately carried in the lower House, March 18, 73 against 38.

FEBRUARY 24.-In the House of Commons, lord Castlereagh brought down a message from his Majesty, expressing his desire, in consideration of the splendid achievements of the late lord Lake, to settle £2000 per ann. on his son and immediate successor, and on the two next male heirs. His lordship also intimated an intention of proposing the erection of a monument to his lordship's memory. The annuity was subsequently agreed lo;

but the proposal for a monument was abandoned.

This evening, a select committee was appointed, to enquire into the state of the West India Trade. A motion of Mr. Tierney's that the House should go into a committee, on the trade and navigation of the country, was negatived.

FEBRUARY 25.-In opposing a motion of Mr. Sheridan respecting the Copenhagen expedition, Mr. Canning contradicted the report, that ministers had endeavoured to violate the treaty of Copenhagen, and the terms of capitulation. He stated that, when the intelligence of the capitulation, and its terms, arrived, two articles of it were not understood. One was that which related to the sequestration of British property; it being doubtful whether all British property was intended, or only what was found in Zealand, and not elsewhere throughout the Danish dominions; this difficulty was referred to the respective commanders on the spot who had signed the capitulation; when, unfortunately, both parties concurred in declaring, that it related only to property found in Zealand; ministers firmly abided by this decision. The other was, whether, by the capitulation, hostilities were

wholly to end with Denmark, or only in Zealand, the seat of war. The commanders on both sides declaring that the treaty related to Zealand, only; his Majesty's ministers abided by that also.

FEBRUARY 26. In consequence of a motion, by Mr. Canning, for copies or extracts of certain letters, which had passed between lord Howick and Mr. Garlicke, in the winter of 1806, respecting any intention of invading Denmark, by the French; (papers, the production of which had been previously refused by ministers, on the motion of Mr. Whitbread) a violent altercation took place, in which Mr.Tierney bore a conspiciuous part, Mr. Canning's motion, however, was carried, by 140 against 9.

FEBRUARY 29.-Mr. Whitbread, after entering into an examination of the conduct of ministers, and of the state of the war, contended, that all our efforts to crush the power of France were rain; that we had neglected the means of obtaining peace; that there was no real obstacle to obtaining peace at present; and that, although the existing power of France was gigantic and overwhelming, yet we might await the contingency of events, and had reason to expect, from past experience, that she might meet with some reverse of fortune. Having dwelt for a considerable time on these points, he concluded, with moving three resolutions, the substance of which was-first, that ministers had neglected an opportunity which they might have improved, after the treaty of Tilsit, and annexed conditions to their acceptance of the mediation of Russia, that they were inexpedient and impolitic. Secondly that their conduct to Austria had been repulsive, and not calculated to improve the opportunity of negociation; and lastly, that it was incumbent on that House to declare, that there was nothing in the circumstances of the present war which should preclude the government from availing itself of any opportunity of entering into a negociation for the restoration of peace,

Mr. Herbert having seconded the motion, Mr. Ponsonby observed, that he concurred with the two first resolutions, but doubted the propriety of putting the third, at present. He agreed with Mr. W. in all the points of his speech; but his third proposition if adopted, would lead to a proceeding on his part of the House, which would be imperative upon government. No minister could delay sending a negociator to France, after such a resolution should have been voted.-Although he did not believe ministers sincere in their desire of peace, he was not disposed to press them at present, because he did not know exactly how the facts were.

Mr. Wilberforce, and lord Milton, agreed with Mr. Pousonby, that it would be highly inpolitic to enter into any resolutions at pre

sent, which, in their nature, could have a tendency to excite a clamour for peace, an object which, instead of being accelerated, would, by such a proceeding, be greatly retarded..

Mr. Canning expressed his readiness to enter, at any time, into negotiations for such a peace as might be consistent with the honour and dignity of the country; but he maintained, that until certain information should be received that the French government was prepared to enter into negociations on an equitable basis, it would be imprudent to attempt any. The first offer of mediation, on the part of Austria, might have been worthy of attention, if the fortune of Buonaparté had not taken a different turn. The last offer of mediation proved palpably fallacious, and both attempts exploded together. It was the intention of the British government to enter into negotiations for peace, but in the official notes which passed through the hands of Count Stahrenberg, the Austrian minister, an ambiguous style was conspicuous, evidently the effort of design.-In examining the propriety of commencing a negociation, it was not only at home that we had to look, but to the views and expectations of the enemy. What were the views of Buonaparié even when he professed his anxiety for peace, and even while at peace with us? Did he not secretly employ every means of excluding our commerce, of discouraging and annihilating our manufactures ? Would he allow, if he could help it, the importation of a single yard of cloth, or of any other article of our manufactures? If such were his endeavours against the trade of this country at that time, what must they now be, when he had resolved to ruin the nation, through the ruin of her commerce? Would the cries of those for peace, whom he was more particularly resolved to undo by war, be a motive with him to listen to any terms of peace? On the contrary, would they not encourage him to persevere in the war, as the surest means of accomplishing his ultimate object? Then how could those who professed to be friends to peace attempt to derive any argument in its favour from the distresses or importunities of our manufacturers? Was not the very plea on which they urged their object the most powerful obstacle to obstruct its attainment? He gave the honourable gentleman full credit for being sincere in the opinion he expressed. But he would contend, admitting negociation to be desireable and good, when there was a prospect of its leading to peace, that it was a mischief when it did not afford that prospect.-He then adduced a variety of instances in which the devotion of Russia to France had been apparent, and concluded with giving his negative to the

motion.

Mr. Sheridan spoke in favour of all the resolutions, and on a division, the majorities against each resolution were-Against the 1st, 140. Against the 2d, 144. Against the 3d, 139.

On the same evening, in the House of Peers, lord St. John moved five resolutions, importing that the late Orders in Council had been unwise, ought not to have been issued, and were unjustifiable.-The duke of Montrose, after vindicating the principle and operation of the Orders in Council, moved the previous question; which was carried, by 137 against 47; majority 90, in favour of the Orders.

MARCH 3-Lord Darnley, contending that the attack on Copenhagen, and the seizure of the Danish fleet, was a flagrant act of injustice and immorality, an open violation of the law of nations, and a dereliction of the principles on which Great Britain had hitherto acted, moved an address to his Majesty, stating the injurious tendency of that measure; to prove the necessity of which, the documents laid upon the table were wholly inconsistent and unsatisfactory. This motion was negatived, by 110 against 51; after which lord Elliot proposed a reso lution, approving of the above measures, which was carried by 125 against 57.

On the same evening, in the House of Commons, a debate took place respecting the restoration to office, of a Mr. Giffard,' who had been removed from his situation of surveyor of the customs in Dublin, during the administration of lord Hardwicke, in consequence of his having opposed the petition for catholic emancipation, in the corporate assembly in Doblin. Sir J. Newport moved for copies of the patent by which he had been appointed to his present office, and of the order by which he had been displaced from his fornier situation -Mr. Croaker, in opposing the motion, represented the dismis sal of Mr. Giffard as cruel, arbitrary, and unjust; and contended, that his restoration was merely an act of justice. Sir J. Newport's motion was negatived, by 103 against 57.-Lord Hardwicke, in the upper house, subsequently intimated his intention of instituting an inquiry on this subject, as far as it related to his own conduct; but afterwards withdrew his notice of a motion to that effect.

This evening, also, Mr. Calcraft moved for certain papers, to shew the state of Six Richard Strachan's ships when they went in pursuit of the Rochefort squadron. He spoke with much vehemence against the conduct of the Admiralty, and contended that the ships were destitute of provisions.-Mr. Wellesley Pole entered into a detailed an-wer to Mr. Caleraft's arguments, shewing that these ships were supplied with abundance of