moved and seconded dat de notes of dis bank be made All in favor of dat motion say aye;

land-office money. all against it say no. It is decided in de affirmative. And now, gentlemen, I bet you one hundred dollar he never be made land-office money."

Daniel P. Cook represented the State in Congress from 1820 to 1827, and filled, with great ability, his duties as a member of the Committee of Ways and Means, and was considered by such men as Calhoun and Judge McLean as a man of remarkable talents. He was a native of Kentucky, and died at the age of thirty-two years, in October, 1827.

CHAPTER II.

ADMISSION AS A STATE.

Constitutional Convention-Peculiarities of the Constitution-Boundaries of the State.

Congress passed an act April 18, 1818, enabling the people of the Territory to form a State Constitution preparatory to admission into the Union. The election for delegates was authorized to take place on the first Monday of the ensuing July, and the convention to meet on the first Monday in August, following. There were then but fourteen counties in the Territory, and the enabling act fixed the number of delegates at thirty-three. The convention assembled agreeably to law, and was composed of the following delegates:

Jesse B. Thomas, John Messinger, James Lemen, Jr., George Fisher, Elias Kent Kane, Benjamin Stephenson, Joseph Borough, Abraham Prickett, Michael Jones,

Leonard White, Adolphus F. Hubbard, Hezekiah West, Wm. McFatridge, Seth Gard, Levi Compton, Willis Hargrave, Wm. McHenry, Caldwell Carns, Enoch Moore, Samuel O'Melveny, Hamlet Ferguson, Conrad Will, James Hall, Jr., Joseph Kitchell, Edward N. Cullom, Thomas Kirkpatrick, Samuel G. Morse, William Echols, John Whiteaker, Andrew Bankson, Isham Harrison, Thomas Roberts.

The convention organized by the election of Jesse B. Thomas President, and William C. Greenup Secretary. The constitution was adopted by the convention, August 26, but was not submitted to a vote of the people, as subsequent constitutions have been. There were but eight articles. We note some of the peculiar features of the instrument: The salary of the Governor was fixed at $1,000; Secretary of State, $600; Judges of the Supreme Court, $1,000. The mode of voting was to be viva voce until the General Assembly should change it; Judges of inferior courts were to hold their offices during good behavior; Judges of the Supreme Court were to be removed from office on the request of two-thirds of the members of each house of the General Assembly; every person who had been bound to service by contract or indenture, by virtue of the laws of Illinois Territory, were held to a specific performance of their contracts or indentures, and negroes and mulattoes who had been registered in conformity with the aforesaid laws, to serve out the time appointed by said laws; and the children born to such persons after that time were to be free, the males at the age of 21 years, the females at the age of 18 years, and every child born of indentured parents was to be registered with the clerk of the county in which they resided within six months after birth.

Congress fixed the boundaries of the State as follows: "Beginning at the mouth of the Wabash river; thence up the same, and with the line of Indiana, to the northwest

corner of said State; thence east, with the line of said State, to the middle of Lake Michigan; thence north, along the middle of said lake, to north latitude 42° and 30'; thence west to the middle of the Mississippi river, and thence down along the middle of that river to its confluence with the Ohio river, and thence up the latter river, along its northwestern shore, to the place of beginning: Provided, that this State shall exercise such jurisdiction upon the Ohio river as she is now entitled, or such as may hereafter be agreed upon by this State and the State of Kentucky."

The State was admitted into the Union December 3, 1818.

CHAPTER III.

STATE GOVERNMENT-1818-22.

The first State government began October 6, 1818, with the following officers: Shadrach Bond, of St. Clair, Governor; Pierre Menard, of Randolph, Lieutenant-Governor; Elias Kent Kane, of Randolph, Secretary of State; Elijah C. Berry, of Fayette, Auditor of Public Accounts; John Thomas, of St. Clair, Treasurer; Daniel P. Cook, of Randolph, Attorney-General.

Under the constitution of 1818, the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor were the only State officers who were elected directly by the people. The others were chosen from time to time by the General Assembly.

Gov. Bond assumed the duties of his office October 6. One of his first recommendations to the General Assembly was for the construction of a canal connecting Lake Michigan with the Mississippi river.

The first General Assembly convened October 5, 1818, and adjourned October 13, and convened again January

4, 1819, and adjourned March 31. It was composed of the following members:

SENATE.

Lewis Barker, Pope.
George Caldwell, Madison.
Thomas Cox, Union.
Willis Hargrave, White.
Alexander Jamison, Monroe.
Martin Jones, Bond.
Michael Jones, Gallatin.

HOUSE OF

Wm. Alexander, Monroe.
Levi Compton, Edwards.
J. G. Daimwood, Gallatin.
Jesse Echols, Union.
Elijah Ewing, Franklin.
Green B. Field, Pope.
Jesse Gregg, Jackson.
Robert Hamilton, Pope.
John Howard, Madison.
A. F. Hubbard, Gallatin.
E. Humphreys, Randolph.
Francis Kirkpatrick, Bond.
John Marshall, Gallatin.
Sam'l McClintock, Gallatin.
Wm. McHenry, White.

William Kinney, St. Clair.
Joseph Kitchell, Crawford.
Zariah Maddux, Washington.
John McFerron, Randolph.
Thos. Roberts, Johnson.
Guy W. Smith, Edwards.
Conrad Will, Jackson.
REPRESENTATIVES.

John Messenger, St. Clair.
Risdon Moore, St. Clair.
William Nash, White.
Alexander Phillips, White.
David Porter, Crawford.
Abraham Prickett, Madison.
Scott Riggs, Crawford.
D. S. Swearingen, Washingt'n.
James D. Thomas, St. Clair.
Henry Utter, Edwards.
Samuel Walker, Randolph.
John Whiteaker, Union,
Samuel Whitesides, Madison.
Isaac D. Wilcox, Johnson.

Pierre Menard was the presiding officer of the Senate, and William C. Greenup was elected Secretary. In the House John Messinger was elected Speaker, and Thomas Reynolds Clerk.

There is quite a contrast between the General Assem-bly of the present time and then, the whole number of members of this body being eight less than now compose the present Senate, and we print this roster more with a view of showing the contrast as to size between the respective General Assemblies.

The time of this General Assembly was occupied in passing laws necessary to put the machinery of State in working order. The population was sparse, and there was no great demand for legislation.

Ninian Edwards and Jesse B. Thomas were chosen United States Senators at this session.

In 1819, R. K. McLaughlin succeeded Thomas as Treasurer, and William Mears succeeded Cook as AttorneyGeneral.

CHAPTER IV.

CAPITALS.

Kaskaskia-Vandalia-Springfield-Population of Kaskaskia in 1820-Popu⚫lation now-An Island of the Mississippi-Towns which Wanted the Capital-When Removed from Vandalia.

Illinois has had three capitals-Kaskaskia, Vandalia and Springfield. When Kaskaskia became the seat of government it was also the county seat of Randolph county. There were then but two counties in the Territory, Randolph and St. Clair. The first session of the Territorial Legislature was convened November 25, 1812—and the first Legislature of the State, October 5, 1818.

In 1820, the seat of government was removed to Vandalia; there were then nineteen counties. The first session of the Legislature convened there December 4, 1820. The Capital was removed to Springfield in 1839, at which time there were seventy-two counties. The first session of the Legislature convened there December 9, 1839.

When the joint resolution removing the capital to Springfield passed the General Assembly, in 1838, on the first ballot, there were eighteen towns voted for as being the proper place for the capital. On the first ballot Springfield received 35, Vandalia 16, Alton 15, Jacksonville 14, Decatur 4, Carrollton 3, Illiopolis 3, Bloomington