whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction," was adopted by the Legislature of Illinois, February 1, 1865.

The Fourteenth amendment, which guaranteed to the colored man citizenship, was adopted by the Legislature of Illinois, January 15, 1867.

The Fifteenth amendment, which enfranchised the colored race, was adopted by the Legislature of Illinois, March 5, 1869.

The Constitutional Convention of 1870 framed the State Constitution so as to conform to these amendments.

FIRST COLORED VOTE CAST IN CAIRO.

At the first election in Cairo, after the enfranchisement of colored men, Patrick Kelly, a Democrat, armed himself and declared that he would shoot the first "nigger" who attempted to vote in his ward, which was largely inhabited by colored people. As a matter of course, the colored men were anxious to exercise the right of suffrage, and had assembled in large numbers at the polls; but hours passed, and yet nobody seemed willing to dispute the authority of Kelly, until Col. W. R. Brown, of Metropolis, then on duty in the collector's office at Cairo, asked P. H. Pope to select for him a colored man whom he knew to be a citizen and entitled to vote, and he would see that he voted. John Evans was selected, and Mr. Brown marched him to the polls, and his ballot was recorded without interference on the part of Mr. Kelly. This was taken as the signal for a general rush to the polls, and many colored men voted in rapid succession without the slightest objection by anybody, when Kelly walked away in utter disgust, uttering words of execration upon the "d-d nigger government."

We have been induced to speak of such incidents as are here recorded to show how deeply seated were the prejudices of the people of Illinois against the intellectual or political advancement of the colored race.

CHAPTER XLVIII.

ABOUT WOMEN.

Mrs. Juliet C. Raum-Mrs. Catherine Wilson-Mrs. Mary Todd Lincoln-Mrs. Mary 8. Logan-Women Lawyers -- Women School Officers-Women Notaries Public-How Long will it be Before They can Vote?

MRS. JULIET C. RAUM.

During the war for the Union, many able and eminent women were brought upon the stage of action, and contributed greatly to the success of our arms. We speak here of one whose influence and energy were largely exercised in the cause of her country. Her name is Juliet C. Raum of Golconda, wife of Maj. John Raum, who served in the Black Hawk war, and mother of Gen. Green B. and Maj. John M. Raum. At the time the war was declared, her husband, who had reached his three score and ten, was too far advanced in the infirmities of life to take the active part his patriotism prompted, but she took, as it were, his place, and in her broad, generous nature was ever busy, speaking words of cheer to the departing soldier, caring for the family left behind, or visiting the battle field to look after the wounded and dying. In her sphere she exercised as much power for good in the hour of her country's peril as did any single individual during that long and bloody conflict. She died in 1872, but her

name will live in the community in which she exerted her influence for generations to come, and none who knew her well can read this paragraph without shedding a tear to her memory.

CATHERINE WILSON.

Mrs. Catherine Wilson, wife of the late Harry Wilson, who was Ensign in the War of 1812, and Captain in the Black Hawk war, was a resident of Shawneetown in 1861, when President Lincoln called for 75,000 troops. She had three sons, James H., Henry S., and Bluford-on whom she depended to some extent for protection and support, but with true womanly devotion to her country's flag, she willingly yielded to the inclination of her sons to enter the army, and it is our pleasure to say that she lived to see them all return from their country's service wearing honorable titles as rewards for gallant conduct upon the battle field. James H. Wilson was a graduate of West Point, and on duty at Fort Vancouver when the war began, but was soon sent to the front, where he distinguished himself, and came home with the rank of Major-General of Volunteers, and Lieutenant-Colonel in the regular army. Henry S. and Bluford volunteered as privates and both received commissions as Major.

After the war, Gen. Wilson, familiarly known as Gen. Harry Wilson, was placed, by reason of his eminent ability as a Civil Engineer, in charge of the Government work of improving the Mississisppi river at Davenport, Iowa, and of the Illinois river, and the enlargement of the Illinois and Michigan Canal; but he resigned his commission as Lieutenant-Colonel in the regular army in 1869, since which time he has been actively engaged in building railroads in this and other States. In company with his old army friend Gen. E. F. Winslow, Joseph J. Castles, O. Pool, S. K. Casey, T. S. Casey, and others, he built the St. Louis and Southeastern Railway, which is now a part

of the through line between St. Louis and Nashville. The Cairo and Vincennes Railroad, which had been projected. many years previous, was finally built by Wilson and Winslow, and the Air Line Road from Louisville, via Evansville and Mt. Carmel, over a portion of the line projected in 1837, was built through the instrumentality of Gen. Harry Wilson.

When Gen. Grant was President he appointed Maj. Bluford Wilson U. S. District Attorney for the Southern District of Illinois, and from this he was promoted to Solici tor of the Treasury. He was an able and faithful public servant, and is entitled to no little credit for the part he took in breaking up the great whisky frauds which gained so much prominence from 1873 to 1876.

Maj. Henry S. Wilson lost his life at Shawneetown in 1873, by accidental drowning.

Their mother died in the spring of 1877 at the ripe age of 73, in the full enjoyment of all her faculties, surrounded by her affectionate family.

MRS. MARY TODD LINCOLN.

No history of Illinois would be complete without a word in memory of Mrs. Mary Todd Lincoln, wife of the martyred President. She was the third daughter of Robert S. Todd, of Lexington, Kentucky, a descendent of a distinguished family, which was wide-spread in Virginia and Kentucky. Mrs. Lincoln was born December 13, 1818; was educated at Lexington, at the noted school of Mme. Mentille, of France, and after the death of her mother, came to Illinois, making her home at Springfield, with her accomplished sister, Mrs. Ninian W. Edwards, until her marriage with Mr. Lincoln, which occurred November 4, 1842. They had born unto them four children, Robert T., Edward Baker, William W. and Thomas, all of whom are dead except the first named. Edward Baker died at Springfield, February 1, 1850; William

W., at Washington, D. C., February 20, 1862; and Thomas, at Chicago, July 15, 1871. Of Mrs. Lincoln it is said, by those who knew her best, that before her life was blighted by the assassination of her husband, she was a woman of rare brilliancy of mind, gifted in conversation, winning in manner, and withal kind and courteous; and we do not know that we can better state the situation as regards her after-life than to quote a passage from the sermon delivered by Rev. James A. Reed, on the occasion of her funeral, in which he eloquently and tenderly portrays the sadness and sorrow which clouded her pathway:

"Years ago, Abraham Lincoln placed a ring on the finger of Mary Todd, inscribed with these words: 'Love is eternal. Like two stately trees they grew up among us in the nobler, sweeter fellowship of wedded life. The twain became one flesh. Here they planted their home, and, in domestic bliss, their olive plants grew up around them. Here they were known and honored and loved by an appreciative and admiring community, and when perilous times came, and the Nation looked forth among the people for a steady hand to guide the ship of State, its heart went out after this tall and stately man that walked like a prince among us. He was their choice, and ascending to the chief place in the Nation's gift, he stood like some tall cedar amid the storm of National strife, and with a heroism and a wisdom and a lofty prudence in his administration that won the wonder and respect of the world, he guided the Nation through its peril, back again to peace. But when at the height of his fame, when a grateful people were lauding him with just acknowledgment of his great services to the country, and when he was wearily trying to escape from their very adulation into the restful presence and company of his life partner, to be alone awhile in the hour of his triumphant joy, like lightning, the flash of a cruel and cowardly enemy's wrath struck him down by her side. The voice that cheered a Nation in its darkest hour is hushed. The beauty of Israel is slain upon the high places. The Nation in its grief and consternation is driven almost to madness; strong men know not hardly how to assuage their sorrow or control themselves under it; and when the Nation so felt the shock, what must it have been to the poor woman