fans, thermos bottles and motorboats. Taxes on most of these articles went into effect May I and the collection of them involving innumerable cases of making small change, has caused much complaint from retailers and purchasers.

The goods admitted free by the Democratic tariff were in no sense raw materials except to a limited extent.

RAILROAD DEFICIT-DEFER RAILROAD

REORGANIZATION.

Perhaps in time the Government might be able to operate the railroad without loss, though even with the increase in rates it falls farther behind. The loss was $13,000,000 for the first three months of this year. If the roads operated their own lines under government supervision that might prove the wisest course.

Representative Kahn of California will be chairman of the House Committee on Military Affairs, which makes his recent study of the subject in Europe very appropriate. He says that at the special session the army appropriation bill will consist of an appropriation to pay the expenses of the troops, etc., leaving army reorganization for the regular session. believes in the Swiss system of a small regular army and universal military training. Marshal Foch of France is to visit the United States as soon as convenient, and may give the military committee his advice. Opinion is far from united on the future peace strength of the army.

He

LEAGUE OF NATIONS IN DOUBT. Opinion differs in the Senate as to what will become of the League of Nations. Mr. Hitchcock of Ne

braska, who has charge of the matter for the President, says that it will go through all right. Polls made of the Senate indicate 55 votes in favor of amending it, and if that fails, more than enough to defeat it, even though all do not hold out. Senator Knox says that it would be "national suicide" for America to enter into the League under the revised covenant; He says, "The revised draft is more objectionabe than the original one." Senator Lodge, Republican leader and chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, says that a majority of the Senators will not accept the League in its present form. Mr. Lodge says that a great mistake was made by the President in not calling Congress together earlier to handle the appropriation bills, railroad legislation, etc. The amendments to the League suggested by the Senate, and those formulated by Mr. Root have all been neglected. The Republican National Committee has issued a statement declaring that the Republicans of the Senate will not make the League of Nations a partisan issue. It will not be an easy matter to amend the peace treaty and take the League of Nations from it. A separate agreement would have to be made with each country and a year or more might be necessary. That is why action now is so important. Trade is anxiously awaiting settlement of the question.

FAVOR BUDGET SYSTEM-LOANS TO ALLIES WOMAN SUFFRAGE. Representative Good of Iowa, chairman of the Appropriations Committee of the House, is in favor of the budget system, and thinks that

this Congress will see it carried out. Both political parties have promised it, and the President favors it. Now there are official calls for appropriations far in excess of revenues, and bureaus rival each other with no one responsible for coordinating them.

The Allies owe the United States $9,370,219,000, or they did a few weeks ago, but it is now considerably greater. The United States had expended for war purposes, a few weeks ago, some $21,294,000,000, and $2,069,000,000 for other purposes, making a total expenditure of $23,363,000,000, to say nothing of loans, and the end is not yet.

The announcement in Paris of Mr. Harris, the new Senator from Georgia, that he would vote for woman suffrage leads Alice Paul, chairman of the National Women's Party, to state that votes now are assured to pass the constitutional amendment in the Senate. The House has already passed it. MINIMUM WAGE-WALSH "JUST WALSH "JUST

HAPPY”—IMMIGRATION-Taxes. Representative John R. Nolan of California has introduced a minimum wage bill, the same as passed the House before, but owing to the crush did not reach a vote in the Senate. He says that it will now pass. It provided for a minimum pay of $3 a day, $90 a month, and $1080 a year.

Senator Walsh, the first Democrat to represent Massachusetts in the Senate since 1853, says that he is "just happy to be here."

Representative Lufkin of Massachusetts has introduced the immigration bill reported to the House at the

The First National Bank of Boston, through its Commercial Service Department, has published an interesting and useful industrial map of New England, showing by symbols and cuts the leading industries lo cated geographically in the respective cities and towns.

A key to the symbols is also included in the map which enables one to locate at a glance the various industries. There is also included a carefully worked out table of the industrial towns arranged by states, and the leading industries in each city and town are shown. This will be of great interest and value to merchants and manufacturers throughout the United States.

To further the development of foreign trade and to enable the foreign buyer to become familiar with the products which New England manufactures, this map will be published in other languages for distribution in the foreign markets of the world.

A display news caption in one of the leading daily papers of New York City, read as follows: "Give Jobs or Face Storm, Says Wilson," the "Wilson" being Secretary of Labor Wilson and the above ukase delivered by him to the joint committee on labor of the Senate and House in Washington. In other words, "Adopt our socialist program or take the consequences of workless Bolshevism", the plan of the Secretary being legislation providing public employment for idle workmen; and that is exactly what socialism is.

Who caused this idleness of labor here, the only remedy for which is thus said to be a socializing of employment? It was not the war. Discharged soldiers are not the only idle people; in fact they are only a moderate percentage of them; because a great many soldiers are taken back to their old employments. When the Civil War ended in 1865, our industries instantly absorbed the discharged volunteers as easily as a thirsty sponge absorbs water. There was no appeal necessary to "Give jobs or face storm." What is the reason for this difference between 1865 and 1919? Our industries have surely so expanded since 1865 as to make their power to absorb labor, if anything, larger now in proportion to population than it was in 1865.

mystery? In 1865, the Morrill protective tariff law, reinforced by various war enactments, was putting a good, tight bottom in our employment egg basket and all of the employment arising from the needs of our whole population was practically being distributed among our own workers; whereas, in 1919, the bottom of our employment egg basket has been kicked out by the Democratic mule, shod with the Underwood-Simmons free trade law, signed by Mr. Wilson on October 3, 1913, with the remark that it was the most joyful occasion of his life, because of that opportunity to shoe the Democratic mule with free trade, or "new freedom," as he had called it.

Instead of the wholesome and patriotic policy of protecting the American producer on his job and compelling Americans to employ Americans to do their work or go without its being done until they do, we have the Philip Dru policy thrust upon us, whereunder are "taken over" railroad, telegraph and telephone lines; and the further "taking over" of packing houses and the "butting in" by the government, through a share in the directorate of all our large corporations, are under serious consideration.

Are we going to be forced into state socialism as the only means of

under free trade? Is that what this dogma is being forced upon us in legislative actualities for? There is only one industry in this country that could long survive the free trade of the Underwood-Simmons law in normal times; and that is the cottonraising industry, towards which this administration has shown such tenderness, in not fixing a price for raw cotton, as prices of Northern products were fixed. Is that the reason why the Underwood-Simmons law was rushed into being as the very first step of the Wilson administration in 1913? Was that part of an already digested campaign to re-establish the kingship of cotton and the lordship of cotton men in Congress?

Colonel House is said to be the author of "Philip Dru; Administrator," which being stripped of all camouflaging, is the simple story of the "Second Civil War," as the book itself says, whereby Philip Dru conquers Northern and Western wealth, vilified by the name of "autocracy," joins hands with Germany in the exploitation of the whole Western hemisphere, gobbles up Mexico-evidently to control her cotton-bearing lands-under the cloak of a "protectorate," rushes Canada away from Great Britain, evidently for the purpose of destroying all her industries but wheat-growing by forcing her under the same free trade which Philip Dru has forced upon the original United States by treaty with Great Britain; turns over the Philippines to Japan, evidently to destroy cotton-growing there, by the intimidating glance of great Germany, with

whom Philip strikes cordial hands in Germany's "Mitteleuropa" schemes; and generally, under the cloak of a broad philanthropy and a pure democratic spirit, Philip Dru divides the world with the Kaiser, although Great Britain and Japan are tolerated as spokes in the great imperial wheel -but only as spokes. The Kaiser and Philip are the hub and most of the spokes and the tire.

This book was printed by a fullblooded German in New York City in 1912. Colonel House was an old frequenter of Europe-bound steamers. He was in Europe in 1911. He met Mr. Wilson in November of that year and the twain became fast friends. Both were from the South. Both dreamers of Southern glory. Both are represented in "Philip Dru" as having a bitter grouch against the North for having licked Lee at Appomattox. In 1912, House goes to Europe again. He knows European politics. In that same year, "Philip Dru" is published. If there was no understanding before, this book was a plain wigwagging to the Kaiser as to what he might expect if, successful in his known ambition to crush France and hew his way to the Persian Gulf, he would help this Philip Dru in his "Second Civil War" and grind to powder under the wheels of free trade, the great industries of the North and West, the sources of their wealth and power. Who is responsible for this scheme? Philip Dru was not the child of chance. Is general unemployment, brought about perhaps purposely, the hope of the revolution to socialism?

Lincoln's election in 1860 was followed by three presidential victories for the Republican party, and by half a dozen triumphs in contests for the lower House. Under Republican administration the country raised armies, equipped fleets, suppressed a widespread insurrection, freed the slaves, admitted thousands of former bondsmen to citizenship, bound the Atlantic and Pacific coasts by rail, stimulated industry and made our credit honored at home and abroad. When in 1872 Grant's towering majorities broke Greeley's heart, many predicted that the Democratic party was going to follow the Federalists and the Whigs into the vaults of history.

The lustre of victories in the field, the solid strength of business achievement, the prestige of the Constitutional amendments were all with the Republicans, and the Democrats had only one fighting chance. During three Republican administrations (for Johnson was technically a Republican) there had been cases of extravagance, and some instances of glaring misconduct. Samuel J. Tilden made the most of these, the shattered Democratic lines reformed, and in 1874 the hopeless mob of two years before secured control of the House of Representatives. Two years later they nearly won the presidency, and had a large plurality on the popular vote. For every dollar lost through wastefulness or worse, worse, the Republicans

paid dearly, and the country suffered. We have had two Democratic victories, that of 1912 was because the Republican party was hopelessly divided, that of 1916 hinging on the vote of a single State. The Democrats have lost control of both Houses, and next year they must face charges of waste in the army, of extravagance in the shipyards, of culpable mismanagement of the railroads, of bungling airship experiments, of reckless outlay here, there and everywhere. Prosecutors far less skilful than Tilden may draw up damning indictments against the profusion that has not spared the spigot and has knocked out every bunghole.

In 1874, 1876, and 1878 the Democrats won the House of Representatives, not because of any special merit of their own, but because they pressed home the charge of extravagance on their opponents. Old Republicans well remember how forcibly the speeches of Randall and the editorials of Dana emphasized this point. The landslide of 1882, even more sweeping than that of 1874, was due to the belief that Democratic ascendancy would mean economy. But for that belief Grover Cleveland could not have won in 1884. Even as late as 1912 the Democrats advanced the old plea of economy as one of their best cards.

What has become of Democratic economy now? The echoes of 1874 will mock the spellbinders of 1920.