often arraigned his country for its injustice and cruelty to the Negro and the Indian. On every possible occasion he pleaded for justice in their behalf, and righteous dealing as the law for a nation as for an individual.

His discussion in Congress of the subject of dueling in the presence of duelers, illustrates the courage and character of the grand old man who never cowered in human presence or was turned from duty by human insolence or power.

He was often pained and mortified by the sectionalism, venality and brutality of members of Congress and higher officers of government, and never hesitated in his place to censure those whose conduct disgraced his country. He was such a living encyclopædia of learning, history, law, moral principle and religious devotion, that he was a standing rebuke to the selfish, sectional and party spirit that controlled many of the officials and politicians about him. He was profoundly anxious lest these evil spirits should degenerate and destroy his country which to him was the hope of the world. He had lived through its whole existence, been honored by all its presidents, held high offices under them all, been president himself; had a history of every important transaction and of the attitude and conduct of every leading individual connected with the government from the beginning; had a record also of the action and politics of all foreign governments and our relations to them; of the progress of our legislation, of the tariff, internal improvements, the development of our manufactures, the extension of our territory; of the extension of slavery and the artifices by which it had been accomplished; in a word he had a record of our national life in his and his father's diary and his accurate and capacious memory supplied all the details; so that he was authority-the nation in himself, all the later years of his life; the patriarch of America, having been instrumental in developing and preserving this grand national estate.

He had great interest in the temperance cause, which in his later years was commanding the attention of his countrymen. He understood its necessity and usefulness, and gave it the powerful support of his voice and example.

Through his whole life Mr. Adams was an intense worker; he studied everything he took hold of to the bottom; always made sure that he was right before speaking; always knew his authority; took infinite pains to know the whole of every subject that was important to the well being of his country. He was usually the first man in his seat every morning in the House, and the last man to leave at night. He gave an absorbing interest to the business in hand; and was very much of the time in resolute opposition to the legislation of Congress, as it was through his whole congressional career, in the interest of slavery and its extension. That interest removed him from the presidential chair and controlled the administrations of Jackson, Van Buren, and Tyler-controlled the government from his removal from the presidency to the day of his death.

Mr. Adams was a man of great physical vigor, which sustained him in active health through the intense labors of his long life. He was an early riser, an absteminous liver, temperate, prudent, regular in all his habits; an excellent walker, often walking a number of miles before breakfast; a good swimmer; fond of good company; an excellent talker; a lover of home; simple and republican in dress and manners; plain, honest, genuine; too fair and square, and positive to be popular; yet so thorough, and manly and grand as to command almost universal respect. He was a genuine Puritan, deeply and consistently religious; a great student of the bible, a Unitarian in theology, yet in hearty sympathy with all christian people. He was a reformera maker anew of life's ways, so vigorous and persistent as to seem to be an iconoclast. In his opposition to wrong he used solid shot-words that wounded, that smelt of passion and power. He was no milk-and-water man, was mighty in fire and storm-a granite tower in the whirlwind defying its assaults. All in all, he was one of America's grandest products, honored at last in all the world as one of its greatest and best men. On the twentieth of November, 1846, he was stricken with paralysis at his son's house in Boston. This confined him for several weeks. But at the opening of Congress he returned to his post, and was prompt and active as he had always been,

until the twenty-first of February, 1848, at half-past one o'clock in the afternoon, he was stricken again. He was caught and held from falling by members near him. He was unconscious, till three o'clock, when consciousness returned and he said, faintly: "This is the end of earth, I AM CONTENT." These were his last words. He lived until seven o'clock in the evening of the twenty-third, when the spirit of John Quincy Adams left the scenes of earth for those in the immortal realm of its father, in the eighty-first year of its age. Thus closed a life which will ever be worthy of the profoundest study and emulation of mankind.

THE GRAVE OF JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

In the crypt in that portion of Braintree, Massachusetts, now known as Quincy, with the immortal remains of John Adams, his father, rest the forms of John Quincy Adams and his wife, Louisa Catharine. The tomb is surmounted by a bust, beneath which are the words, "Alteri Sæculo," divided by an acorn and two oak leaves. Over the tablet is "Thy Kingdom

The

Come." As on the tablet of John Adams, the first column is devoted to the president and the other to his wife. inscription reads as follows:

Near this place reposes all that could die of

John Quincy Adams.

SON OF JOHN AND ABIGAIL (SMITH) ADAMS,
Sixth President of the United States.

Born 11 of July, 1767, Amidst the Storms of Civil Commotion,
He Nursed the Vigor which Inspires a Christian
For more than half a Century.

Whenever His Country Called for His Labors,
In either Hemisphere or in any Capacity,
He Never Spared them in Her Cause.

On the Twenty-fourth of December, 1814,

He signed the Second Treaty with Great Britain, which Restored

Peace within her Borders.

On the Twenty-third of February, 1848, he closed sixteen years of eloquent defense of the lessons of his youth by dying at his post in her great National Council.

A Son Worthy of His Father,

A Citizen shedding Glory on His Country,

A Scholar Ambitious to Advance Mankind,

This Christian sought to Walk Humbly in the Sight of God.

The second column on this tablet records the important facts in the life of his "Partner for fifty years":

Louisa Catharine.

Living through Many Vicissitudes

And under Many Responsibilities as a

Daughter, Wife and Mother, she Proved Equal to All.

DYING,

She Left to Her Family and Her Sex the Blessed Remembrance of "A WOMAN THAT FEARETH THE LORD."

Under the parallel column is this verse :

"One soweth and another reapeth. I sent you to reap that whereon ye bestowed no labor. Other men labored, and ye are entered into their labor."

The church in which the remains were deposited in 1848 is a massive structure, the front being supported by heavy columns, with a graceful cupola and dome above it. It is embowered in immense elm and chestnut trees, near the old Adams homestead, and is now owned and used by the Unitarian congregation of Quincy, with which the Adamses were associated.