Chelsea, to the N. of E. Boston, on the Mystic River, contains a Soldiers' Monument, a Soldiers' Home, a Marine Hospital, a Naval Hospital, and well-known Art-Tile Works. Those who are fond of rowing and canoeing should go by the Boston & Albany R. R. to (11 M.) Riverside (boathouses, etc.), situated on a lovely reach of the Charles River. On the river-bank, about 1 M. below, is a tower erected by Prof. Horsford on what he believed to be the site of the ancient Norumbega.

Other favourite resorts within easy reach of Boston are Newton (see p. 61); the Blue or Milton Hills (views), 8 M. to the S.; Revere Beach (p. 90); and the Middlesex Fells (p. 116). Longer excursions may be made to Concord and Lexington (p. 112), Providence (p. 61), Newport (p. 68), etc.

From Boston to New York, see R. 4; to Portland, see R. 9; to the White Mts., see p. 121; to Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard, see p. 87; to Plymouth, see R. 6; to Cape Cod, see R. 8; to Campobello and Grand Manan, see R. 13; to Albany, see R. 17; to Canada, see R. 15.

6. From Boston to Plymouth.

a. Via Abington.

37 M. OLD COLONY R. R. (Kneeland St. Station) in 11/2-13/4 hr. (fare 90 c.). From Boston to (11 M.) South Braintree, see p. 72. 15 M. South Weymouth; 19 M. Abington. From (21 M.) Whitman a branchline runs to (7 M.) Bridgewater (p. 88). 30 M. Plympton, at the S. end of Silver Lake; 33 M. Kingston. The monument at Duxbury (see below) is now seen to the left, as the train skirts Plymouth Bay. 37 M. Plymouth, see below.

b. Via South Shore.

46 M. OLD COLONY R. R. (Kneeland St. Station) in 13/4 hr. (fare 90 c.). From Boston to (10 M.) Braintree, see p. 72. Our train turns to the left (E.). 12 M. Weymouth, -17 M. Hingham (Cushing Ho., $2), a quaint village on Boston Harbour, settled in 1635, with the oldest occupied church in New England (1681). In the graveyard (View) is the grave of J. A. Andrew (d. 1867), the famous 'War Governor' of Massachusetts, marked by a statue. 18 M. Old Colony House is the junction of a branch-line to Nantasket Beach and Hull (see p. 85). 22 M. Cohasset (Black Rock Ho.), a delightful shore-resort, with numerous fine villas lining the beautiful *Jerusalem Road. 27 M. Scituate, an old fishing village, frequented for sea-bathing. About 4 M. offshore is the Minot's Ledge Lighthouse.

34 M. Marshfield was the home of Daniel Webster, where he died in 1852. 38 M. Duxbury (Standish Ho., $21/2) was the home of John Alden and Miles Standish, and a monument 110 ft. high, surmounted by a statue, has been erected near the site of the latter's house. - 42 M. Kingston, and thence to (46 M.) Plymouth, see above.

Plymouth (Samoset Ho., $21/2; Plymouth Rock Ho., unpretending, $2; Hotel Pilgrim, $21/2-3, 3 M. to the S.E., reached by electric tramway), an industrial village and summer-resort with, 7314 inhab., lies on the sheltered bay of the same name, opening off the W. side of the larger Cape Cod Bay (p. 89). It is of abiding interest as the landing-place of the Pilgrim Fathers (Dec. 20th, 1620) and the site of the first settlement in New England.

On leaving the railway-station we proceed to the W. to Court St., which we follow to the left. At the corner of Chilton St., to the left, is *Pilgrim Hall (open daily; 25 c.), containing numerous interesting relics of the Pilgrims, paintings of their embarkation and landing, old portraits, etc. Farther on, to the right, at the corner of Russell St., is the Court House. North St., to the left, leads to the *Plymouth Rock, on which the landing was made, a granite boulder, now enclosed by a railing and covered with a canopy. The retrocession of the sea has left the rock at some distance above the water. Cole's Hill, opposite the rock, was the burial-place of the early settlers (1620-21), and some human bones found here are now preserved in a chamber in the canopy over the Rock.

We now follow Water Street to Leyden Street, which we ascend to the right, passing (left) the site of the first house. On reaching Town Square we ascend by the path to the right to the ancient *Burial Hill, with the graves of many of the early settlers, including Gov. Bradford (d. 1667).

A fortified church was erected here in 1622. The View embraces Plymouth Bay, with the Gurnet Lighthouse; Duxbury, with its monument (p. 85); Cape Cod; the Pilgrim Monument (see below); the Manomet Hills (to the S.), etc. To the S. is Watson's Hill, where the Pilgrims made a treaty with Massasoit in 1621.

We may now descend on the N. W. side of Burial Hill and follow Allerton Street to the N. to (1/4 hr.) the "National Monument to the Pilgrims, consisting of a granite pedestal 45 ft. high, surmounted by a figure of Faith, 36 ft. high, and surrounded by seated figures, 20 ft. high, representing Law, Morality, Freedom, and Education. The monument was completed in 1888. It is about 1/4 M. from the railway-station, which we regain by following Cushman St. to the E.

The Environs of Plymouth contain hundreds of small lakes and ponds, of which Billington Sea is the largest. Large quantities of the trailing arbutus or Mayflower (Epigaea repens) are found here in spring. Manomet Bluffs, to the S.E. of Plymouth, are frequented in summer.

7. From Boston to Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. OLD COLONY RAILROAD to (72 M.) Wood's Holl in 21/2 hrs.; STEAMER thence to Cottage City in 1/2 hr. (through-fare $2.35, return-fare $3), to Nantucket in 3 hrs. (through-fare $3.35, return-fare $4).

From Boston to (55 M.) Buzzard's Bay, see R. 8. The train here diverges to the right from the line to Provincetown and runs to the S. along the shore of Buzzard's Bay. 57 M. Monument Beach; 59 M. Pocasset; 68 M. Falmouth (Menauhant Hotel, $21/2-3), the station for Falmouth Heights (Tower's Hotel, $3).

72 M. Wood's Holl (Dexter Ho., $2) is a small maritime village with a Marine Biological Laboratory and a station of the U. S. Fish Commission. It is reached from New York viâ Fall River. Steamers ply hence at frequent intervals to (7 M.) Cottage City, on Martha's Vineyard.

Martha's Vineyard is an island off the S. coast of Massachusetts, 23 M. long and 10 M. across at its widest part. Its inhabitants, (4500) were formerly occupied in the whale-fisheries, but now owe most of their prosperity to the summer-visitors. The chief resort of the latter is Cottage City (Naumkeag, $21/2-4; Narragansett, $2-4; Pawnee, $3; Wesley, $21⁄42; Highland Ho., $2-21/2, etc.), pleasantly situated on the N.E. side of the island. At the large Camp Meeting Grounds 20,000 Methodists assemble every August. A narrow-gauge railway runs to the S. to Edgartown (Harbor View Hotel, $212-311⁄2) and (8 M.) Katama (Mattakeset Lodge); and there are also summer-settlements at Vineyard Haven (Tashmoo Ho., $2), with a fine harbour, and West Chop (The Cedars, $3). Gay Head, the W. extremity of the island, commands a fine view; the cliffs are 200 ft. high (lighthouse). Part of this end of the island is reserved for the remnant of the Indian inhabitants.

Steamers ply daily from Cottage City to Nantucket (see below) and New Bedford (p. 89) and weekly to Portland (p. 96) and New York (p. 6).

The sandy, treeless island of Nantucket lies 12-15 M. to the E. of Martha's Vineyard, but the steamboat course from Cottage City to the quaint town of Nantucket (Nantucket, $3-31/2; Ocean Ho., Bay View, $21/2-3; Springfield, $2-22; Veranda, $21⁄2-3), on the N. side of the island, is about 30 M. Nantucket, like Martha's Vineyard, was once a great whaling-place, but now depends mainly on fishing, farming, and summer-visitors. Catching bluefish is one of the chief amusements of the last. A narrow-gauge railway runs to (21/2 M.) Surfside (Surf Side Ho., $4), where a splendid surf rolls in after a storm, and to (10 M.) Siasconset (pron. 'Sconset'; Atlantic Ho., Ocean View Ho., $3), at the E. end of the island. Sankoty Head (90 ft.), 1 M. to the N. of Siasconset, bears a lighthouse and affords a fine ocean-view. In 1890 the island contained 3268 inhabitants. Both Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket were settled in the 17th cent. and possess buildings and relics of considerable historical interest. Nantucket, in particular, is very quaint and picturesque.

8. From Boston to Provincetown.

Cape Cod.

120 M. OLD COLONY RAILROAD (Kneeland St. Station) in 4-41/2 hrs. (fare $2.95, return-fare $4.80). Steamers also ply daily to Provincetown in summer from Battery Wharf (50 M. in 4 hrs.; return-fare $1).

From Boston to (11 M.) South Braintree, see p. 72. 20 M. Brockton, an industrial city with 27,294 inhab.; 27 M. Bridgewater, a pleasant village, with 4249 inhab., a large State Normal School, foundries, and iron-works. 35 M. Middleborough, a manufacturing town with 6065 inhab., is the junction of lines to Fall River and Newport (see p. 72), etc. From (46 M.) Tremont a branch-line runs, viâ Marion and Mattapoisett, to (15 M.) Fairhaven, opposite New Bedford.

New Bedford (Parker Ho., $21/2-31/2; Bancroft Ho., $2), a pleasant little city at the mouth of the Acushnet, was formerly an important whaling port and still possesses a number of vessels engaged in this business. Its cotton manufactures were valued at $8,185,286 in 1890. Pop. (1890) 40,733. It contains many fine old mansions and other mementoes of its former prosperity. It is reached direct from Boston (56 M.) in 11/2 hr.

Our train now runs to the E. 49 M. Wareham. 51 M. Onset Junction, for the line to (11/2 M.) Onset Bay, a seaside-resort. 55 M. Buzzard's Bay, near which are the seaside homes of President Cleveland and Mr. Joseph Jefferson, is the junction of the line to Wood's Holl (see R. 7).

At (62 M.) Sandwich begins Cape Cod, which stretches hence towards the E. for 35 M. and then to the N. and N.W. for 30 M. more.

The Cape gradually tapers in width from 8 M. to about 1 M. and consists almost entirely of sand, with few rocks or large trees. It encloses Cape Cod Bay (comp. p. 86 and see Map). The inhabitants, genuine descendants of the Pilgrims, are still very quaint and primitive in many of their ways. They form excellent seamen. The Cranberry Bogs produce one of the most lucrative crops of the Cape, and the scene at the cranberry harvest (Sept.-Oct.) is not unlike hop-picking in England. Fast pickers can earn $ 4-5 a day at the rate of 10 c. per 'measure of 6 quarts. Some use an ingenious picking-machine.

69 M. West Barnstable is the station for (7 M.) Osterville, a seabathing resort on the S. shore of the Cape. 73 M. Barnstable. 76 M. Yarmouth, junction of a short line to (3 M.) Hyannis. 85 M. Harwich is the junction of a branch-line to (7 M.) Chatham, whence stages run to Hotel Chatham ($ 3-5). The line now turns to the left (N.). 89 M. Brewster; 94 M. Orleans; 97 M. Eastham; 111 M. Truro, with a dangerous beach guarded by Highland Light.

120 M. Provincetown (Gifford Ho., $2; Central, $11/2-2) is a quaint old fishing-town (cod and mackerel) with 4642 inhab. and a fine land-locked harbour formed by the final crook of Cape Cod. The Mayflower anchored here on Nov. 11th, 1620. Good view from High Pole Hill. There is a lighthouse on Race Point.

9. From Boston to Portland.

a. By the Eastern Division of the Boston and Maine Railroad. 108 M. RAILWAY in 31/2-5 hrs. (fares $21/2-3). This line runs near the E. coast of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine, affording frequent views of the ocean (seats to the right). Beyond Portland it runs on to (244 M.) Bangor and (450 M.) St. John (Canada); comp. R. 10 a.

Leaving the station in Causeway St. (see p. 72), we cross the Charles River, with the Fitchburg and the Boston & Majne (W. Division) railways to the right and the Boston & Lowell line to the left. To the right lies Charlestown, with the Bunker Hill Monument (p. 85). At Prison Point, with the State Prison to the right and the McLean Insane Asylum to the left, we intersect the Fitchburg

R. R., and at (2 M.) Somerville we cross the Western Division of the B. & M. and a branch of the B. & L. Beyond Somerville the train crosses the Mystic. From (5 M.) Chelsea (see p. 86) a tramway runs to Revere Beach (several hotels), a popular holiday resort of Boston's lower classes. It is also reached by the narrow-gauge Boston, Revere Beach, and Lynn R. R., which runs along the beach to Point of Pines (Hotel) and (91/2 M.) Lynn (see below). The train traverses salt-marshes, crosses Chelsea Creek and the Saugus, and reaches

11 M. Lynn (Sagamore, Kirtland, $21/2), an industrial city of 55,727 inhab., with a handsome City Hall and a Soldiers' Monument. It is one of the largest boot and shoe manufacturing towns in the world, producing 12-15 million pairs annually, valued at 25 million dollars. View from High Rock. Fine Public Forest Park.

Omnibuses run from Lynn to Lynn Beach (Red Rock Ho.) and (4 M.) Nahant (Hood's Hotel, from $3; Hotel Nahant, $21/2-3), a curious rockbuilt promontory, with fine cliffs and beaches, connected with the mainland by a narrow neck of sand. Nahant contains the seaside homes of so many leading Bostonians as to have been called 'Cold Roast Boston'. Steamboat, see p. 85.

13 M. Swampscott (Lincoln Ho., Ocean Ho., $3-4), a fashionable seaside-resort of the Bostonians, with charming combinations of rocky bluffs and sandy beaches. The main line station is about 11/2 M. from the sea, and carriages from the hotels meet the chief

trains.

A small branch-line diverging here runs along the beach to Marblehead (17 M. from Boston), passing Phillips Beach, Beach Bluff (Hotel Preston, $31/2-4), Clifton (Clifton Ho., $3; Crowninshield, $2-21/2), and Devereux (Devereux Mansion, $ 21/2- 3), all frequented for sea-bathing.

Marblehead (Hotels at Clifton, Devereux, and Marblehead Neck), a seaside town with 8202 inhab., dates back to early in the 17th cent, and is one of the oldest and quaintest places in New England. It lies on a rocky peninsula and has a fine harbour. Its ancient days of maritime commerce are, however, long since gone, and its chief industry now is the making of shoes. Fishing is also carried on. Among the most noteworthy of the old colonial buildings is the National Bank, built as a mansion for Col. Lee in 1768, with materials brought from England. The Old Fort, to the S. of the town, commands an excellent view. St. Michael's Church dates from 1714. Abbot's Hall, with its lofty tower, contains the town-offices and a public library. A granite monument near the station commemorates the capture of a British ship in 1776 by a Marbleheader. Marblehead was the birthplace of Elbridge Gerry (of 'Gerrymander' fame; 1744-1814) and is the scene of Whittier's poem 'Skipper Ireson's Ride'. The famous encounter between the 'Chesapeake' and the 'Shannon' took place off the coast here, and most of the crew of the 'Constitution' were recruited in the town. See Samuel Roads' 'History of Marblehead' and Bynner's historical novel 'Agnes Surriage'.

Marblehead Neck (Nanepashemet House, $3-4), forming the outer arm of the harbour and connected with the mainland by a narrow causeway, is a popular bathing-place and the headquarters of the Eastern and Corinthian Yachting Clubs. The Marblehead course is one of the favourite yacht-racing resorts on the coast, and the little harbour is no stranger to such famous boats as the 'Volunteer', the 'Mayflower', and the 'Puritan'. As we approach the next station the notorious Witch Hill (comp. p. 91) is seen to the left.