1179 M. (1.) Memphis (bridge), see p. 320. Farther on numer1207 M. (1.) De Soto is the first 1261 M. (r.) Helena (railway ous windings are threaded. station in Mississippi (p. 338). ferry) is a busy little city with 5189 inhab. and a trade in timber. Numerous small stations. 1352 M. (r.) Mouth of the White River, which rises in Missouri and joins the Mississippi after a course of 700 M. --- 1359 M. (r.) Black Hawk lies at the mouth of the Arkansas River. The Arkansas River rises in the Rocky Mts., to the W. of South Park (p. 409), and has a course of 1600 M., of which 800 M. are navigable. Beyond the Choctaw Bend we reach (1396 M.; r.) Arkansas City (800 inhab.). Passing Rowdy Bend, Miller's Bend, Island 82 (1410 M.), and Bachelor's Bend, we reach (1435 M.; 1.) Greenville, a small cotton-trading city with 6658 inhabitants. The banks are now lined with cotton-plantations, which afford a very interesting sight in time of harvest (Sept.-Nov.). The planters' houses, especially as we approach the S., are often roomy and quaint old mansions, surrounded with groves of fine trees. Many of the trees are fantastically draped with Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides). 1463 M. (r.) Grand Lake is the first station in Louisiana (p. 338). No places of any great size or importance are passed till we reach 1555 M. (1.) Vicksburg (railway-ferry; see p. 321). — 1606 M. (r.) St. Joseph. 1611 M. (1.) Rodney. 1639 M. (1.) Natchez (Natchez Hotel), a city of 10,000 inhab., founded by D'Iberville in 1700, lies on and at the foot of a bluff rising 200 ft. above the river. It takes its name from a now extinct tribe of Indians, who were among the noblest specimens of Red Men in America. Some traces of the old French fort are still visible. A National Cemetery adjoins the city. 1709 M. (1.) Fort Adams. 1719 M. (r.) Red River Landing, at the mouth of the Red River. Beyond this point both banks of the river are in Louisiana. - 1749 M. (1.) Bayou Sara. The 'Swampers' of Bayou Sara are a peculiar community of woodcutters, living on raft-houses floating in the swamps. 1835 M. -1855 M. 1783 M. (1.) Baton Rouge, see p. 321. The course of the river between this point and New Orleans is very circuitous. (r.) Donaldsonville (3121 inhab.).—1850 M. (1.) Convent.· (1.) Belmont Plantation. 1875 M. Fruit Plantation. (1.) Bonnet Carré Point. 1890 M. Red Church. Kennerville. 1909 M. Carrollton (p. 370). 1917 M. New Orleans, see R. 82. 1879 M. 1899 M. (1.) Below New Orleans the trees disappear, the river banks become less defined, and the river finally loses itself in a vast marsh, through which various 'passes' or channels lead to the Gulf of Mexico. About 70 M. from New Orleans the ocean - steamers pass between Fort St. Philip (left) and Fort Jackson (right) and soon after enter the South Pass, marked by lighthouses. At the lower end of the S. Pass are the wonderful *Eads Jetties, constructed by Capt. Eads in 1875-79 at a cost of $5,000,000 (1,000,000l.) and forming a channel 30 ft. deep where formerly the draught was not more than 10 ft. The jetties are, respectively, 2/3 and 11/2 M. long, and are constructed of willow rods, rubble, and concrete. The ends of the jetties, marked by two lights, may be called the mouth of the Mississippi, beyond which we are on the Gulf of Mexico. 67. From Washington to Richmond. 116 M. BALTIMORE & POTOMAC and RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG, & POTOMAC RAILROADS in 31/2-41/2 hrs. (fare $3.50; parlor-car $1.50). This is part of the Penn. and Atlantic Coast line route to the S. (comp. R. 75a). Washington, see p. 251. The train crosses the Long Bridge (p. 259), affording a view of Arlington House (p. 262) to the right, enters Virginia (the 'Old Dominion'), and skirts the right bank of the Potomac to (7 M.) Alexandria (p. 262) and (34 M.) Quantico. The line now edges away from the river and skirts the 'Wilderness', a barren and unattractive district widely known from the terrible struggles of the Civil War that took place here in 1863-4 (p. xliv). 55 M. Fredericksburg (Exchange Hotel, $21/2), a quaint old city of 4528 inhab., on the Rappahannock, founded in 1727. It was the scene of a hardly-contested battle in 1862, when the Confederates under Lee defeated the Union troops under Burnside. The huge National Cemetery, on Mayres Hill, contains 15,000 graves, and there is also a large Confederate Cemetery. Those who are interested in studying the campaigns of the Civil War will find much to occupy their attention in and around Fredericksburg. The Battle of Chancellorsville (May 2-4th, 1863), in which 'Stonewall' Jackson was mortally wounded, took place 11 M. to the W., resulting in another repulse to the Union forces, with a loss of 17,000 men. A little to the S. is Spottsylvania Court House, the centre of some of Grant's operations in 1864 (p. 329). The 'Battles of the Wilderness' between Grant and Lee were almost continuous during May, 1864; and the losses of the two armies exceeded 60,000. Comp. p. 329. George Washington spent his boyhood near Fredericksburg. His mother died here in 1789 and is commemorated by a monument. - The train runs towards the S. At (67 M.) Guinea Stonewall Jackson died (see above). At (92 M.) Bothwell we cross the C. & O. R. R. · (R. 58b). Henry Clay (1777-1852) was born near (99 M.) Ashland. 116 M. Richmond. Hotels. Exchange and Ballard House (Pl. a; D, 2), two houses on opposite sides of Franklin St., connected by a covered bridge, $3-4; Ford's (Pl. b; C, 2), Capitol Sq., $3; Murphy's European Hotel (Pl. c; C, 2), 801 Broad St., R. from $1, well spoken of; Davis Ho. (Pl. d; D, 2), R. from $1; American Ho. (Pl. e; C, D,2), $2-3; Dodson's (Pl. f; D, 2), $2-3. Richmond is much in need of a really good hotel. Ruger's Restaurant, cor. 9th and Bank Sts. Tramways traverse the chief streets (5 c.). - Hacks and Omnibuses meet the principal trains at the Union Depot (Pl. C, 3); fare into the town 50 c. each. Steamers ply down the James to Norfolk, Old Point Comfort, Newport News, Philadelphia (Clyde Line), New York (Old Dominion Line), Post Office (Pl. C, 2), Main St., between 10th & 11th Sts. etc. Richmond, the capital of Virginia and one of the most interest |