Y. M. C. Association (Pl. C, 4; right). Opposite is the New Mercantile Library (40,000 vols.).

In W. Saratoga St. stands the Athenæum (Pl. D, 4), with the Maryland Historical Society (10-4), containing a library and some interesting por

traits and relics.

In W. Fayette St., in the graveyard of the Westminster Presbyterian Church (Pl. C, 5), is the tomb of E. A. Poe (1809-49), with a small monument. Near this point, at the corner of Lombard and Greene Sts., is the University of Maryland (Pl. C, 5).

The Lexington Market (Pl. C, 5), a little to the N. of this point, should be visited for its picturesque illustrations of Southern produce and manners (best on Sat. night).

Farther on Charles St. passes the Masonic Temple (Pl. C, 4, 5; left), intersects BALTIMORE STREET (Pl. A-G, 5), the chief businessstreet of the city, and is continued to S. Baltimore.

In the meantime, however, we may follow E. Fayette St. to the left to the Post Office & U. S. Court House (Pl. D, 5), a large granite building, in front of which rises the Battle Monument, erected in 1815 in memory of the struggles of the previous year. To the E. of the Post Office is the *City Hall (Pl. D, 5), a large and handsome building, with a dome 260 ft. high (view; open, 9-3).

A little farther along E. Fayette St., just beyond the stream, is the Merchants' Shot Tower, a curious relic of 1828, 246 ft. high.

A little to the W. of Mt. Vernon Place, between Howard St. and Eutaw St., are the unpretentious buildings of the *Johns Hopkins University (Pl. C, 4; President Gilman).

This institution, which forms the highest expression of the phenomenal development of education in Baltimore since the Civil War (comp. above and pp. 247, 249), was founded in 1876 with a legacy of 31/2 million dollars (700,000 7.), bequeathed by Johns Hopkins (d. 1813), a Baltimore merchant, and offers special advantages for post-graduate work. It is now attended by 5-600 students, three-fifths of whom are graduates of other colleges and universities. Its success and influence, however, cannot be measured by the number of its students; and its system of instruction, publications, etc., have been of the greatest importance in stimulating the higher learning and original research. Its laboratories and other institutions are well equipped, and its library contains 60,000 volumes.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital (Pl. F, 4; tramway viâ Centre St.), opened in 1889, is also due to the liberality of Mr. Hopkins, who bequeathed over $ 3,000,000 (600,000l.) for its foundation.

Both as a scientific and charitable institution, this hospital is a worthy pendant to the University; and in the completeness of its equipments and excellence of its system, it ranks with the foremost hospitals in the world.

Among the numerous other Charitable Institutions of Baltimore, many of which are of great interest, are the Bay View Asylum or City AlmsHouse, for paupers; the State Blind Asylum (Pl. D, 2); the Children's Aid Society (Pl. D, 4); the City Hospital (PI. D, 4); the Church Home; St. Joseph's Hospital and other noble charities of the R. C. church; and the *Wilson Sanitarium, 5 M. from Baltimore, for affording change of air to sick children and their mothers in summer.

The Wells & McComas Monument (Pl. E, 4), passed on the way to the Johns Hopkins Hospital, is to the memory of two youths who killed the British commander, Gen. Ross, at the battle of North Point (Sept. 12th, 1814), and were themselves killed immediately afterwards.

Persons interested in the higher education of women should not

omit to visit the *Woman's College (Pl. D, 2), St. Paul St., and the *Bryn Mawr School (Pl. C, 3), Cathedral St., two admirable institutions, with the most complete and most modern educational equipments. The tasteful Bryn Mawr building is by H. R. Marshall (New York). The First Presbyterian Church (Pl. C, 4), Park St., is a good specimen of Dec. Gothic, with a spire 250 ft. high.

Baltimore prides itself with justice on *Druid Hill Park (Pl. A, B, 1), a pleasure-ground of about 700 acres, which owes its beauty in great part to the fact that it had been preserved as a private park for 100 years before passing into the hands of the city. Its hills afford beautiful views. Druid Lake, 1/2 M. long, is one of the reservoirs of the city waterworks (p. 246). The old Mansion House contains a restaurant; and there is a small zoological collection near by. The Main Entrance may be reached by tramway viâ Madison Ave. or Druid Hill Ave. Those who drive should choose the route through *EUTAW PLACE (Pl. A, B, 2, 3). Greenmount Cemetery (Pl. D, E, 2, 3) contains the graves of Mme. Patterson Bonaparte (d. 1879; see p. 245), Junius Brutus Booth (d. 1852), the actor (father of Edwin Booth), Johns Hopkins (p. 248), etc. The best view of the water-front is obtained from Federal Hill Park (Pl. D, 6), in S. Baltimore.

The Harbour, 3 M. long and 1/2-3/4 M. wide, consists of an outer bay accessible to the largest vessels and an inner basin for vessels of lighter draught. Its entrance is commanded by Fort McHenry (Pl. G, 8), which offers little to repay the long and tedious journey to it (tramway) beyond its historical interest (see p. 245).

The elaborate system of Tunnels by which the railways traverse Baltimore deserves the attention of the engineer. The Pennsylvania R. R. crosses the city from E. to W. by the Union Tunnel (2/3 M.) and the Baltimore & Potomac Tunnel (138 M.), with an open stretch of 3/4 M. (containing the Union Station) between them. The new Baltimore & Ohio Tunnel, now in progress, runs from N. to S. (12/3 M.), and when finished will obviate the necessity of the B. & O. trains being ferried across the harbour as they are at present. The trains in this tunnel are to be worked by electricity.

Excursions from Baltimore.

Chesapeake Bay is the largest inlet on the Atlantic coast, with a length of 200 M. and a breadth of 10-20 M. It receives the waters of the Susquehanna, Potomac, James, and other rivers, and is navigable for the largest vessels. The bay is a favourite resort of sportsmen, and its game (canvas-back ducks, etc.), fish, terrapins, and oysters have a wide reputation. The E. shore is not much frequented, but there are several summer-resorts on the W. shore, among which may be mentioned Bay Ridge (32 M), with fair hotels and other accommodation. Tolchester Beach (25 M.) is on the E. shore. In summer steamers run regularly to different points in the Bay (see daily papers), and the visitor is recommended to make a day-trip on one of these, the numerous inlets into which they penetrate with the mails imparting constant variety to the scenery. Annapolis (p. 250), Old Point Comfort (p. 332), Norfolk (p. 331), etc., may be reached by steamer on Chesapeake Bay.

Lake Roland (225 ft.), 8 M. to the N. (N. Cen. R. R.), one of the chief reservoirs of the Baltimore Waterworks, is frequently visited; and Gunpowder River, another source of the water-supply, is also attractive.

Among other favourite resorts of the Baltimoreans are those in the Blue Ridge Mts. (see below); and excursions may also easily be made to Gettysburg (p. 235), Harper's Ferry (p. 265), Washington (p. 251), the Shen andoah Valley (p. 338), etc.

FROM BALTIMORE TO WILLIAMSPORT, 93 M., Western Maryland Railroad (Hillen St. or Union Station) in 4/3-41/2 hrs. This line leads to several favourite resorts in the Blue Ridge Mts. and to Gettysburg. The train runs to the N.W. 8 M. Mt. Hope, with a large Retreat for the Insane; 12 M. Mt. Wilson, with the Sanitarium mentioned at p. 248; 20 M. Emory Grove, the junction of a branch-line to (51 M.) Gettysburg (see p. 235); 34 M. Westminster (700 ft.); 49 M. Frederick Junction (415 ft.), for (17 M.) Frederick (p. 265). 69 M. Blue Ridge (1375 ft.), where the line crosses the summit of the Blue Ridge Mts., is the station for Monterey Springs (Hotel). 70 M. Buena Vista, connected by tramway with (2 M.) Buena Vista Spring Hotel. 71 M. Pen-Mar (1200 ft.; Cascade Ho.), named from its situation on the boundary between Pen(nsylvania) and Mar(yland), is one of the most popular resorts in the Blue Ridge Mts. A fine view of the Cumberland and Shenandoah Valleys (pp. 232, 338) is obtained from (2 M.) *High Rock (2000 ft.), and *Mt. Quirauk (2500 ft.) is another good view-point. 72 M. *Blue Mountain House ($ 31/2), a large and excellent hotel, is, perhaps, the best point for those who wish to stay a few days in the neighbourhood, being less invaded by the excursionist than Pen-Mar. 75 M. Edgemont is the junction of the Cumberland Valley branch to Chambersburg (p. 237). 87 M. Hagerstown, see p. 233.93 M. Williamsport, see p. 230.

FROM BALTIMORE TO HARRISBURG, 85 M., Northern Central R. R. in 3-312 hrs. -7 M. Hollins; 46 M. Hanover Junction; 57 M. York; 83 M. Bridgeport. 85 M. Harrisburg, see p. 232.

FROM BALTIMORE TO MARTINSBURG 100 M., B. & 0. R. R. (Old Line) in 4-5 hrs. 9 M. Relay Station (p. 251); 58 M. Frederick Junction, for (4 M.) Frederick (p. 265); 69 M. Washington Junction (p. 265); 79 M. Weverton (p. 265); 81 M. Harper's Ferry (p. 265); 89 M. Shenandoah Junction (p. 265). 100 M. Martinsburg, see p. 266.

FROM BALTIMORE TO ANNAPOLIS, 26 M., Annapolis & Baltimore Short
Line in 1 hr. This line skirts Chesapeake Bay (left), crossing several of
its arms.
The intermediate stations are unimportant.

26 M. Annapolis (The Maryland, $3; board, even for one night, at Mrs. Kennedy's, 78 Prince George St., and Mrs. Handy's and Mrs. Iglehart's, Church Circle), the quaint and quiet little capital of Maryland, with 7604 inhab., is pleasantly situated at the influx of the Severn into Chesapeake Bay. It carries on a considerable trade in oysters. The traveller is advised to begin his visit with the View from the dome (200 ft. high) of the State House (apply to janitor), near the centre of the town. The Senate Room (to the right on entering) was the scene of Washington's surrender of his commission in 1783 and of the First Constitutional Convention in 1786. In front of the State House is a colossal Statue of Chief Justice Taney (1777-1864), by Rinehart. To the left is a Statue of Gen. De Kalb (17211780). The Old City Hotel was once frequented by George Washington (adm. on application to janitor). Some of the old colonial houses and churches are interesting (comp. p. lxxxix), but the chief lion of Annapolis is the United States Naval Academy, founded in 1845 for the education of officers for the navy, as West Point (p. 152) was for army officers. The cadets, of whom there are about 250, are nominated in the same way as the West Point cadets and are under similar discipline. The course of instruction comprises four years at the Academy and two at sea. Among the chief points of interest for visitors are the Old Ships; old Fort Severn, now a gymnasium; the Boat-House, with its rigging-loft ballroom; the Seamanship House, with its models; the Steam House, for instruction in everything connected with steamships; the Armoury; and the Cadet Quarters, with mess-rooms, etc. The drills, parades, and fencing take place after 4 p.m., when the 'recitations' (classes) end.

omit to visit the *Woman's College (Pl. D, 2), St. Paul St., and the *Bryn Mawr School (Pl. C, 3), Cathedral St., two admirable institutions, with the most complete and most modern educational equipments. The tasteful Bryn Mawr building is by H. R. Marshall (New York). The First Presbyterian Church (Pl. C, 4), Park St., is a good specimen of Dec. Gothic, with a spire 250 ft. high.

Baltimore prides itself with justice on *Druid Hill Park (Pl. A, B, 1), a pleasure-ground of about 700 acres, which owes its beauty in great part to the fact that it had been preserved as a private park for 100 years before passing into the hands of the city. Its hills afford beautiful views. Druid Lake, 1/2 M. long, is one of the reservoirs of the city waterworks (p. 246). The old Mansion House contains a restaurant; and there is a small zoological collection near by. The Main Entrance may be reached by tramway viâ Madison Ave. or Druid Hill Ave. Those who drive should choose the route

through *EUTAW PLACE (Pl. A, B, 2, 3). Greenmount Cemetery (Pl. D, E, 2, 3) contains the graves of Mme. Patterson Bonaparte (a. 1879; see p. 245), Junius Brutus Booth (d. 1852), the actor (father of Edwin Booth), Johns Hopkins (p. 248), etc. The best view of the water-front is obtained from Federal Hill Park (Pl. D, 6), in S. Baltimore.

The Harbour, 3 M. long and 1/2-3/4 M. wide, consists of an outer bay accessible to the largest vessels and an inner basin for vessels of lighter draught. Its entrance is commanded by Fort McHenry (Pl. G, 8), which offers little to repay the long and tedious journey to it (tramway) beyond its historical interest (see p. 245).

The elaborate system of Tunnels by which the railways traverse Baltimore deserves the attention of the engineer. The Pennsylvania R. R. crosses the city from E. to W. by the Union Tunnel (2/3 M.) and the Baltimore & Potomac Tunnel (13/8 M.), with an open stretch of 3/4 M. (containing the Union Station) between them. The new Baltimore & Ohio Tunnel, now in progress, runs from N. to S. (12/3 M.), and when finished will obviate the necessity of the B. & O. trains being ferried across the harbour as they are at present. The trains in this tunnel are to be worked by electricity.

Excursions from Baltimore.

Chesapeake Bay is the largest inlet on the Atlantic coast, with a length of 200 M. and a breadth of 10-20 M. It receives the waters of the Susquehanna, Potomac, James, and other rivers, and is navigable for the largest vessels. The bay is a favourite resort of sportsmen, and its game (canvas-back ducks, etc.), fish, terrapins, and oysters have a wide reputation. The E. shore is not much frequented, but there are several summer-resorts on the W. shore, among which may be mentioned Bay Ridge (32 M), with fair hotels and other accommodation. Tolchester Beach (25 M.) is on the E. shore. In summer steamers run regularly to different points in the Bay (see daily papers), and the visitor is recommended to make a day-trip on one of these, the numerous inlets into which they penetrate with the mails imparting constant variety to the scenery. Annapolis (p. 250), Old Point Comfort (p. 332), Norfolk (p. 331), etc., may be reached by steamer on Chesapeake Bay.

Lake Roland (225 ft.), 8 M. to the N. (N. Cen. R. R.), one of the chief reservoirs of the Baltimore Waterworks, is frequently visited; and Gunpowder River, another source of the water-supply, is also attractive.

Among other favourite resorts of the Baltimoreans are those in the Blue Ridge Mts. (see below); and excursions may also easily be made to Gettysburg (p. 235), Harper's Ferry (p. 265), Washington (p. 251), the Shenandoah Valley (p. 338), etc.

FROM BALTIMORE TO WILLIAMSPORT, 93 M., Western Maryland Railroad (Hillen St. or Union Station) in 4'/3-41/2 hrs. This line leads to several favourite resorts in the Blue Ridge Mts. and to Gettysburg. The train runs to the N.W. 8 M. Mt. Hope, with a large Retreat for the Insane; do 12 M. Mt. Wilson, with the Sanitarium mentioned at p. 248; 20 M. Emory Grove, the junction of a branch-line to (51 M.) Gettysburg (see p. 235); 34 M. Westminster (700 ft.); 49 M. Frederick Junction (415 ft.), for (17 M.) Frederick (p. 265). 69 M. Blue Ridge (1375 ft.), where the line crosses the summit of the Blue Ridge Mts., is the station for Monterey Springs (Hotel). 70 M. Buena Vista, connected by tramway with (2 M.) Buena Vista Spring g Hotel. 71 M. Pen-Mar (1200 ft.; Cascade Ho.), named from its situation on the boundary between Pen(nsylvania) and Mar(yland), is one of the most popular resorts in the Blue Ridge Mts. A fine view of the Cumberland and Shenandoah Valleys (pp. 232, 338) is obtained from (2 M.) *High Rock (2000 ft.), and *Mt. Quirauk (2500 ft.) is another good view-point. 72 M. *Blue Mountain House ($ 31/2), a large and excellent hotel, is, perhaps, the best point for those who wish to stay a few days in the neighbourhood, being less invaded by the excursionist than Pen-Mar. 75 M. Edgemont is the junction of the Cumberland Valley branch to Chambersburg (p. 237). 87 M. Hagerstown, see p. 233.93 M. Williamsport, see p. 230.

FROM BALTIMORE TO HARRISBURG, 85 M., Northern Central R. R. in 3-31/2 hrs. -7 M. Hollins; 46 M. Hanover Junction; 57 M. York; 83 M. Bridgeport. 85 M. Harrisburg, see p. 232.

FROM BALTIMORE TO MARTINSBURG, 100 M., B. & 0. R. R. (Old Line) in 4-5 hrs. 9 M. Relay Station (p. 251); 58 M. Frederick Junction, for (4 M.) Frederick (p. 265); 69 M. Washington Junction (p. 265); 79 M. Weverton (p. 265); 81 M. Harper's Ferry (p. 265); 89 M. Shenandoah Junction (p. 265). 100 M. Martinsburg, see p. 266.

FROM BALTIMORE TO ANNAPOLIS, 26 M., Annapolis & Baltimore Short Line in 1 hr. This line skirts Chesapeake Bay (left), crossing several of its arms. The intermediate stations are unimportant.

26 M. Annapolis (The Maryland, $3; board, even for one night, at Mrs. Kennedy's, 78 Prince George St., and Mrs. Handy's and Mrs. Iglehart's, Church Circle), the quaint and quiet little capital of Maryland, with 7604 inhab., is pleasantly situated at the influx of the Severn into Chesapeake Bay. It carries on a considerable trade in oysters. The traveller is advised to begin his visit with the View from the dome (200 ft. high) of the State House (apply to janitor), near the centre of the town. The Senate Room (to the right on entering) was the scene of Washington's surrender of his commission in 1783 and of the First Constitutional Convention in 1786. In front of the State House is a colossal Statue of Chief Justice Taney (1777-1864), by Rinehart. To the left is a Statue of Gen. De Kalb (17211780). The Old City Hotel was once frequented by George Washington (adm. on application to janitor). Some of the old colonial houses and churches are interesting (comp. p. lxxxix), but the chief lion of Annapolis is the United States Naval Academy, founded in 1845 for the education of officers for the navy, as West Point (p. 152) was for army officers. The cadets, of whom there are about 250, are nominated in the same way as the West Point cadets and are under similar discipline. The course of instruction comprises four years at the Academy and two at sea. Among the chief points of interest for visitors are the Old Ships; old Fort Severn, now a gymnasium; the Boat-House, with its rigging-loft ballroom; the Seamanship House, with its models; the Steam House, for instruction in everything connected with steamships; the Armoury; and the Cadet Quarters, with mess-rooms, etc. The drills, parades, and fencing take place after 4 p.m., when the 'recitations' (classes) end.

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