Crystal Cascade (80 ft.). A steep road to the left farther on joins the (11/2 M.) carriage-road from the Glen Ho. to Mt. Washington (p. 132), 2 M. above the toll-house. The path to (1/4 M.) Thompson's Falls and Emerald Pool (guide-board) leads to the right, 11/2 M. farther on.

The Glen House (1630 ft.; $41/2), a large summer-hotel, is finely situated on the Peabody River, at the N.E. base of Mt. Washington, with Mts. Clay, Jefferson, Adams, and Madison forming a grand line of summits to the N. of it. It is a good centre for some of the finest excursions in the White Mts.

The chief excursion is, of course, the Ascent of Mt. Washington, described at p. 132, either by road or on foot through Tuckerman's Ravine.

Short excursions may be made to (33/4 M.) the Crystal Cascade, the (414 M.) Glen Ellis Falls, and the (214 M.) Thompson's Falls and Emerald Pool (see above); to Garnet Pools, on the Peabody, 3/4 M. to the N.; and to the Osgood Cascades, 11/4 M. to the N.W. By following the Gorham road (see below) for about 2 M., crossing the bridge over the Peabody, and turning to the right, we reach a point whence we see the profile on Imp Mt. Carter Dome (4856 ft.; to the Carter Notch, 3-4 hrs. ; thence to the top 11/2-21/2 hrs.) is a good point of view and may be ascended with a guide. The ascent of Mt. Wild-Cat (4280 ft.; View of Mt. Washington) is shorter and easier (1-11/2 hr.). Good walkers may reach the top of Mt. Washington via Mts. Madison, Adams, Jefferson, and Clay in 9 hrs. (with guide); and the Appalachian Club has also constructed a blazed path along the whole Carter Range (8 M.; fine views) to Mt. Moriah (see below). *Tuckerman's Ravine, see p. 132.

The DRIVE FROM THE GLEN HOUSE TO GORHAM (8 M.; coach $112) descends the valley of the Peabody and affords fine views.

c. Gorham.

Gorham (810 ft.; Alpine House, $21/2-3/2; Eagle Ho., $2), the N. gateway to the White Mts.., is a village with about 2000 inhab., finely situated at the confluence of the Androscoggin and the Peabody and commanding a charming view of hill and valley. To the S. is the Peabody valley, with Mts. Moriah and Carter to the left; to the N.E., Mt. Hayes; to the N.W., the Pilot Mts. The peaks of the Presidential Range (see p. 122) are concealed by Pine Mt. (2380 ft.), which rises in the S.W. foreground, but they are well seen from adjacent points. Numerous delightful excursions can be made in the neighbourhood (see below).

A good point of view in the immediate vicinity is the Lary Farm (3/4 M. to the N.). Perhaps the best of the shorter walks is that to the top of Mt. Hayes (2600 ft.), 2 M. to the N.E. The easy and wellmarked path begins at the N. end of the suspension-bridge over the Androscoggin and ascends directly, through wood, to (11/2 M.) the ridge and (1/2 M.) the summit. The *View includes (from left to right) Mt. Moriah, Imp Mt., and Carter Mt. to the S.; the valley of the Peabody (Pinkham Notch), a little to the right; to the S.W., Mt. Washington, the low Pine Mt. (in the foreground), Mt. Madison, and Mt. Adams; to the W., Cherry Mt., Owl's Head, and (more to the right) Randolph Mt. and Mt. Starr King; to the N.W., the Pilot Mts., Deer Mt., and the twin Percy Peaks. Some authorities consider this the best view of Mt. Washington.

Mt. Surprise (2030 ft.), a spur of Mt. Moriah, to the S.E. of Gorham, may be ascended in 2 hrs. by a path through wood (boy to show its beginning desirable), and commands a fine *View of the Presidential Range. A seldom-used path (guide necessary) leads hence to the (2-3 hrs.) top of Mt. Moriah (4065 ft.; *View).

Randolph Hill (1700 ft.; Randolph Hill Ho.), 5 M. to the W. of Gorham, is reached by a good road, affording fine views of the Presidential Range. Stage-coaches run daily from Gorham through the Peabody Valley to the (8 M.) Glen House (see p. 125) in 11/2 hr. (fare $1/2). It is possible by this route to ascend Mt. Washington from Gorham in one day (comp. p. 132).

Pleasant drives may also be taken along the S. bank of the Androscoggin to (11 M. to the E.) Gilead Bridge, returning on the N. bank by the Lead-Mine Bridge (31/2 M. from Gorham; *View); to the N., along the 'Milan Road' to (6 M.) the Berlin Falls (p. 109) and (14 M.) Milan Corner; and W. to (37 M.) the Crawford House (see below) and the White Mt. Notch (see below) viâ (17 M.) Jefferson Hill, by the 'Cherry Mt. Road', the White Mt. House (p. 127), and the Fabyan House (p. 127; splendid views). A grand walk for a good pedestrian would be to ascend Mt. Madison (p. 125) and proceed thence via Mts. Adams and Jefferson (see p. 125) to Mt. Washington (guide necessary; 1-2 days).

Gorham is a station on the Grand Trunk Railway from Portland to Montreal (see p. 109), and a new line is in progress hence to Jefferson and Whitefield (comp. p. 119, and see Map, p. 120).

d. Crawford House and the Notch.

The *Crawford House (1900 ft.; $411⁄2 a day, $21-28 a week), one of the most deservedly popular hotels in the White Mts., occupies a solitary site on a small plateau, 1/4 M. above the N. entrance to the White Mt. Notch. The small pool in front of the house is the source of the Saco River, flowing to the S. through the Notch to Maine and the sea, while the Ammonoosuc, also rising close to the hotel, flows N. (and then W.) to the Connecticut. The railway station (p. 111) is near the hotel. To the W. rises Mt. Tom (p. 127) and to the E. Mt. Clinton (p. 127), while in front, enclosing the Notch, are Mt. Willard (p. 127; r.) and Mt. Webster (p. 127; 1.)

The railway route through the *White Mountain Notch (1915 ft.) has been described at p. 111 and affords some of the finest, though most fleeting, views of it. The Notch is seen to greater advantage in descending. The road and river enter the Notch through a rocky *Gateway, 25 ft. wide, while a separate cutting has been made for the railway (above, to the right). To the left is the rock known as the Elephant's Head (*View). Within the Notch various fantastic names have been given to rocks supposed to resemble human faces, etc. About 3/4 M. from the Crawford Ho., to the left, the Flume Cascade descends, in three leaps, from a height of 250 ft.; and 1/4 M. farther on is the graceful Silver Cascade, with a total fall of 900 ft., of which about 300 ft. are seen from the road. The Willey House (1325 ft.), a small inn 3 M. from the Crawford Ho. and 300 ft. below the railway, was the scene of a terrible disaster in Aug., 1826. The whole Willey family, 9 in number, rushing from the house to escape a land-slip, apparently descending directly upon it, were overtaken and crushed, while the house escaped harm through the splitting of the land-slide by a rock. The Notch proper ends just below the Willey Ho., but it is well worth while to continue the walk or drive to Bemis, whence if necessary we may return by railway. At the (11⁄4-11⁄2 M.) Cow or Avalanche Brook (the second

brook below the Willey Ho.), we may cross the railway and ascend to the right to (13⁄4 M.) the *Ripley or Sylvan Glade Falls (110 ft.), about 1 M. above which is the Sparkling Cascade. Continuing to follow the road along the Saco we reach (2 M.; 612 M. from the Crawford Ho.) Bemis Brook, whence an ascent of 1 M. along its course brings us to the picturesque *Arethusa Falls (175 ft.). Bemis (rail. stat., p. 110) is 2 M. farther down. The Mts. to the left at this part of the road are the Giant's Stairs (3512 ft.), Mt. Resolution (3436 ft.), and Mt. Crawford (3130 ft.), while Mt. Nancy (3944 ft.) towers to the right. Drivers may go on from Bemis to (181/2 M.) North Conway (p. 123).

*Mt. Willard (2570 ft.), easily ascended by a carriage-road (2 M.), crossing the railway below the station, commands a splendid *View of the Notch (afternoon light best). Near the top (S. side) is a cavern known as the Devil's Den, accessible by ropes only. The Hitchcock Flume, 350 ft. long and 50 ft. high, is reached by a path to the left, 1/4 M. from the summit. Ascent of Mt. Washington, see p. 133. Ascents of Mts. Clinton (4330 ft.), Pleasant (4780 ft.), Franklin (5013 ft.), and Monroe (5379 ft.), see p. 133. The ascents of Mt. Webster (3923 ft.) and Mt. Jackson (4076 ft.) are fatiguing and unremunerative. The views from Mt. Tom (4078 ft.) and Mt. Field (4355 ft.) are also obscured by trees. - A better view is obtained from Mt. Willey (4313 ft.; 2-3 hrs.; well-marked path beginning a little to the S. of Moore's Brook Station, 31/4 M. from the Crawford House).

Pleasant short walks may be taken to (3/4 M.) Beecher's Falls (path crossing a foot-bridge over the railway and ascending through wood on the left bank of the stream), Bugle Cliff (3/4 M.), Red Bench (1/2 M.; view of Mt. Washington), and the Shapleigh Path (1 M.). Gibbs Falls (1/2 M.) are reached by turning to the left and ascending through wood and along a brook.

Between the Crawford House and (4 M.) Fabyan's (see below) the road and railway descend 330 ft. (80 ft. per mile).

e. Fabyan House, Twin Mt. House, and Zealand.

The *Fabyan House (1570 ft.; $ 411⁄2 a day, $21-25 a week), a large and popular hostelry, stands on the site of the Giant's Grave, a drift-mound on the Ammonoosuc river, 4 M. to the N. of the Crawford House and near the S. base of Mt. Deception (3722 ft.). It commands fine views of the mountains and is the junction of the railway to the top of Mt. Washington (see p. 132; comp. pp. 111, 119).

The Mt. Pleasant House ($3), 1/2 M. to the S.E., and the old White Mt. House ($21/2), 3/4 M. to the N.W. (rail. stat., see p. 111), are smaller and cheaper hotels, which send conveyances to meet the trains at Fabyan's.

UPPER FALLS OF THE AMMONOOSUC, 3/4 M. We cross the railway in front of the house and follow the road to the right (notice about key on gate refers to carriages only). 1/4 hr. (left) Monument to E. A. Crawford, one of the earliest settlers in the White Mts. The *Falls (30-40 ft. high) are picturesque, with their grey granite walls and grand mountain-background. The (114 M.) Lower Ammonoosuc Falls, near the White Mt. Ho., have been spoiled by a saw-mill. A path leads from the Fabyan Ho. to a view-point on the S. spur of Mt. Deception (see above),

The Twin Mountain House (1375 ft.; $4; rail. stat., p. 111) is pleasantly situated on the Ammonoosuc, 5 M. to the W. of the Fabyan House, but does not command so fine a view. The mountains opposite it are Mt. Hale (4100 ft.; left) and the North Twin (4783 ft.; right), the latter concealing the South Twin (4922 ft.).

The path to the top of the North Twin Mt. is now in good order and marked with sign-boards (3-4 hrs.). The continuation thence to the South Twin is reported as still easy to follow.

From Zealand (p. 111), 1 M. to the E. of the Twin Mt. Ho., a lumber railroad (not used by passengers) runs to (7 M.) Zealand Pond and (9 M.) Thoreau Falls, which descend 200 ft. in 1/2 M., in the deep valley between Mt. Bond on the right and the Willey Mt. (p. 127) on the left. The narrowgauge line to Bethlehem and the Profile House (see below) also begins at Zealand, running along the standard-gauge line to Bethlehem Junction.

f. Bethlehem and Maplewood.

Bethlehem and Maplewood are reached by a short narrow-gauge railway from Bethlehem Junction, which passengers from the E. take at Zealand (comp. p. 111 and above).

The train from Bethlehem Junction (p. 111) soon reaches

2 M. Maplewood, a small station for a group of hotels and summercottages. The Maplewood (1490 ft.; $41/2; 500 guests), one of the handsomest and most fashionable hotels in the White Mts., commands a splendid distant View of Mt. Washington. Adjacent is an annexe, the Maplewood Cottage ($211⁄2-3 a day; from $10 a week). Public conveyances run frequently to Bethlehem (10 c.). Mt. Agassiz (see below; 2 M.) is ascended by a path beginning behind the Maplewood Hotel and proceeding through wood past (1 M.) a view-tower. The Bethlehem excursions (see below) may all be made from Maplewood.

3 M. Bethlehem (Sinclair House, $31/2; Mt. Agassiz Ho., $2; Highland Ho., $21/2; Alpine Ho., well spoken of, $2-21/2; Ranlet Ho., $3; Turner Ho., $2; and many others), with 1000 inhab., finely situated 1460 ft. above the sea and 260 ft. above the Ammonoosuc, is visited annually by 10-15,000 summer-guests. Its lofty situation makes it cool in summer, and it commands magnificent views of the White Mts., while the Green Mts. are visible to the W. The 'White Mountain Echo' is published here.

Mt. Agassiz (2400 ft.), which rises at the back of the village, is ascended in 3/4-1 hr. We follow the road leading S. from the Sinclair Ho, to (25 min.) a house with a sign referring to the toll to Mt. Agassiz (25 c., payable only by those who wish to enter the view-tower). Here we turn to the left and follow the path through wood to (25 min.) the top. The *View includes mountains on every side, the names of which are given by rough mountain-indicators on the top of the view-tower. Mt. Washington is seen to the E., Mt. Lafayette to the S., the Green Mts. to the W. The descent may be made to Maplewood (see above; not advisable in waning light, as the 'trail' through the woods is not very distinct). Cruft's Ledge, 2 M. to the E. (reached by a path beginning beyond the Maplewood Hotel), and Wallace Hill, 3/4 M. to the W., are other good points of view. Favourite drives are the Cherry Valley Drive (5 M.), Around the Heater (6 M.; views of Franconia Mts.), to (7 M.) Twin Mt. Ho., to (7/2 M.) Sugar Hill, to (10 M.) Profile House (also reached by train, see p. 129), to (15 M.) Jefferson Hill, and to (17 M.) Crawford House. To reach the top of Mt. Washington viâ Fabyan's takes 2-21/2 hrs. by train.

g. The Franconia Mts. Profile House.

The Franconia Mts., included in the wider acceptation of the name White Mts. (see p. 121), is the small group of summits between the Twin Mt. Range on the E. and the Pemigewasset Range on the

W. The sharp-peaked Mt. Lafayette (see below) is the monarch of the group, and the Profile House is the chief tourist centre. On the W. the range is bounded by the Franconia Notch (see below), though in popular speech the term includes the mountains to the W. of this valley. Most of the Franconia Mts. are densely wooded.

The Profile House is reached from Bethlehem Junction by a narrow-gauge railway, 10 M. long, which runs through wood and affords little view. To the right, as we approach the terminus, lies Echo Lake. Route to the Profile House from Plymouth, through the Pemigewasset Valley, see p. 119.

The Profile House (1974 ft.; $ 4-5), perhaps the largest of the White Mt. hotels, stands, with its group of cottages, at the N. end of the Franconia Notch (see below), to the W. of Mt. Lafayette.

About 1/2 M. to the N. of the hotel, to the right (E.) of the road, is the pretty little *Echo Lake, where fine echoes are aroused by bugle (small fee; steam-launch round the lake, 1-5 pers. 75 c., each addit. pers. 15 c.). At the foot of the lake is Artists' Bluff, good point of view. Eagle Cliff (1470 ft. above the hotel), close to the hotel on the E., is a fine specimen of rock-formation (well seen from Profile Mt.). Profile Mt. or Mt. Cannon (4107 ft.), opposite the Eagle Cliff, is ascended in 221/2 hrs. by a somewhat steep path beginning to the S. of the hotel and running first through wood and then over rocky ledges. View of Mt. Lafayette. The Cannon Rock lies a little below the summit, on the E. side. The Profile Ledges (see below), reached from above by a somewhat steep scramble (no path), afford one of the best points of view. Bald Mt. (2310 ft.), to the N. of Echo Lake, is easily ascended in 1/4 hr. by a cart-track diverging to the right from the road, 1 M. to the N. of the hotel (*View; afternoon light best). *Mt. Lafayette (5270 ft.) is ascended in 21/2-31/2 hrs. by a steep bridle-path diverging to the left from the road in front of the hotel and skirting the S. side of Eagle Cliff (to Eagle Lakes, 11/4-13/4 hr.; thence to the top about as long). The sharp pyramidal summit commands a splendid View, including the Pemigewasset Valley to the S., the Connecticut Valley and the Green Mts. to the W., and Mt. Garfield (close at hand) and the Presidential Range to the N.E.

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Most of the excursions from the Flume House (see p. 30) can be made from the Profile House at a small additional expenditure of time.

The Franconia Notch is a narrow wooded defile, 5 M. long, traversed by the Pemigewasset River and flanked by the Franconia Mts. on the E. and the Pemigewasset Range on the W. It lies about 2000 ft. above the sea, and the enclosing mountains rise 15003000 ft. higher. Frequent coaches run through the Notch to (5 M.) the Flume Ho. and thence to (5 M.) North Woodstock (p. 119).

Starting from the Profile House to walk or drive through the Notch to (5 M.) the Flume House (p. 130), we soon reach a sign-board by the roadside marking the best point of view for the Profile or Old Man of the Mountain, a curious freak of nature formed by three protruding and disconnected ledges, 1200 ft. above us, on the side of Cannon or Profile Mt. (right; see Hawthorne's 'Great Stone Face'). Below the Profile, to the right of the road, 1/2 M. from the hotel, is Profile Lake (boats). The road for the most part runs through wood and affords no views. About 21/2 M. from the hotel, to the right, a bridle-path diverges to (114 M.) Lonesome Lake, on Cannon Mt., 1000 ft. above the road. To the left, 1/2 M. farther on, is a sign-post indicating the way to Walker's Falls (1/2 M.) and Cataract

BAEDEKER'S United States.

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