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ordinary degree of the light of nature as would
enable me to make discoveries without it.'
'Yes, so say all gentlemen who really under-
stand us. They are aware, from the search that
they have made, how very much there is to learn.
The coxcombs treat us differently. One class of
them consider our minds perfectly transparent
-fancy they can look through us at a first glance.
The other regard us as mirrors which are to re-
flect their own absurdities. Mr. M'Kinnon has
evidently studied in a different, and, I must add,
a far better school than either.'

One discovery I certainly have made,' said M'Kinnon, beginning to suspect himself of penetration, and feeling a great veneration for Miss Corrie growing up side by side with his selfrespect; one discovery I have made, and that is, that the characters of women are much more various than is generally supposed. Does your experience bear me out in this remark?'

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It is a bold assertion,' said Miss Corrie, appearing to meditate upon the strikingly original proposition which M'Kinnon had just enunciated. A very bold opinion to maintain in the teeth of our great moral poet's common-place remark, that we have no characters at all. But I am convinced that you are right; indeed, I have always felt the truth of your sentiment, though I should never have dared to express it upon my own responsibility. Henceforth, I shall be more courageous.'

'I think, perhaps,' said M'Kinnon, much emboldened by this encouragement, that the difference of character is more observable in women when they are young than in men.'

'Delightful!' exclaimed Miss Corrie; that is the very idea I have been so long in search of, but I have never found it any where. Yes, it must be as you say; the diversities among men arise from the difference of their occupations; the diversities among women from the difference of their natures. You have made a most important addition to our stock of first principles, Sir.' It was not in flesh and blood to resist such an attack as this, to see a sentiment, which, when he first broached it, M'Kinnon, with all his ignorance, had almost suspected was none of the newest, treated as original, patronised, and actually turned into an apothegm, by a person of whose acquaintance with the subject to which his opinion referred he had heard so much.

The compliment was overpowering. Miss Corrie saw the impression she was making; and, if still more ambitious hopes did not for a moment float through her imagination, she at least felt that proper dexterity and caution alone were wanting to establish a supremacy over both father and child.

A girl, on the other hand-in fact, I find I am only repeating your own remarks, you have so anticipated any thing I can say-in a girl, we must carefully watch the qualities which are already developed, to encourage or control them. In short, we must regulate ourselves, in the first case, for the object we have in view for the child; in the other, by the child itself.'

As, at tennis, we keep our eye upon the point to which the ball is to be sent; in billiards, upon the ball itself,' said M'Kinnon.

An admirable illustration!' exclaimed Miss Corrie; it makes me see my own meaning so much more clearly;' though she was perfectly aware that the Rector had merely put tennis-ball for boy, and billiard-ball for girl, in her own sentence, and consequently that it could not, in the least, have illustrated her meaning.

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thought her reasoning powers were likely to get
the upper hand, and, of course, to make her dis-
putatious, I would oblige her to read poetry. This
plan I have adopted, and found it answer; ut I was
merely acting by guess. You have taught me the
reason why I was so successful; and now, too, I
see more clearly than I ever did why it is so im-
portant to educate women for society; they have
no other profession except that of making them-
selves agreeable.'

You have done much, Miss Corrie, in the few
minutes we have conversed, to clear up the diffi-
culties which I had felt on the subject of female
education; but, instead of making me regret my
resolution to give up the management of my
daughter, you have only made me more deter-
mined to resign her entirely into your hands.'
The result of this conversation was singularly
satisfactory to Miss Corrie. In addition to the
actual advantage she had gained, she had, in the
course of it, sounded M'Kinnon's mind, and made
herself thoroughly acquainted with all its shallow
places. In her first experiment, she had followed
the general principle, which probably will prove
true in four cases out of five, that no amount of
flattery is really felt excessive by the object of it,
and that men are most pleased when the salve is
applied to the rawest spots in their minds; still,
as she had been so unfortunate as to meet with
one or two exceptions to this rule, who had ex-
hibited much indignation at the outrageousness
of her compliments, she naturally felt apprehen-
sive lest she might be venturing too far.

impart, by affecting to derive it from them. A long time, however, before she became an inmate of the Melcove parsonage, a change, which always takes place sooner or later, had taken place in her. She was still able to avail herself of her old deceptions for the old purpose; but in the deceptions themselves she had become a sincere believer. She really fancied that she had evolved an important principle of education, when she had merely uttered a happy and a pointed phrase; that she had obtained a principle when she had only manufactured a sentence.

The worst of this in Miss Corrie's case was, that she did not allow her maxims to retain their innocent silliness, or merely employ them to buy golden opinions of fools. She founded on them conclusions, not, of course, legitimately follow

ing from them-because from mere phrases no-
thing follows: they are essentially and natively
barren-but suggested by her own fancy and
attached to them, that she might delude herself
into the belief that they were of some use.
upon these deductions she built her system of
education. The effects of that system will be de-
veloped in our subsequent chapters.

HENRI III. ET SA COUR.

And

'HENRY the Third and his Court.' Such is the national theatre in France; since every body title of a successful play now acted at the first has been in Paris, or chooses to be thought to have been there, we may as well say at once, the In addition to the more direct benefits of so Theatre Français. Let not our readers imagine, speedily establishing her supremacy, she felt all the that, as in the old style and manner of the French human weakness, at finding that she had not been satisfaction of an amateur experimentalist upon Drama, the audience is, when the curtain draws up, presented with a pair of ladies, the one with rash or hasty in her calculation. We should more jewels and a much longer train than the supposed that she was utterly hypocritical in her and who begins forthwith to relate, in measured be doing Miss Corrie injustice, however, if we other, who is thereby known to be the Queen, conversation with M'Kinnon. In affecting to verse and unvarying cadence, the whole story of think that he was versed in the system of female her life and adventures, feelings and opinions, to education, in pretending to borrow maxims from the other, who, with a patience and address of him which she had had in constant service for which perhaps no English actress would be camany years, she was merely practising upon the pable, exhibits by her countenance and gestures Rector's weakness. But she was not simply an all the varieties of surprise and sympathy, and fills impostor: she began life as one; but ere up each pause in the narrative by questions reshe had reached her present age of thirty-spectfully couched in very lofty verse, concerning four years, her deceptions had become regu- matters which have passed and do pass every day larly domesticated in her mind. Practising all before her own eyes. Let not our untravelled her early years for effect, and possessing, even in readers, if any such remain, with all the nerve childhood, a skilful perception of the weaknesses and freshness of insular ignorance, imagine that and follies of those with whom she associated, she the part for the audience to perform when 'Henry very soon discovered how cheap a reputation may the Third' is played, is merely to sit and be told be acquired among silly men and women by con- by lengthy eloquence, (as our friends of the New stantly talking in paradoxes. Her quick obser- World have it,) how things have happened, how vation convinced her how many opinions pass cur- heroines sorrow, and how heroes rage. No; for rent in the world, simply because they were just once, at a French play, the audience becomes part the reverse of the true opinions, how many remarks and parcel of the dramatis persona: the symattracted notice because they were tricked out in pathy excited is simultaneous and direct. The the gay form of antithesis, which, stripped of that language is, as in real life, ordinary prose about disguise, would appear dull, vapid, and worthless. ordinary matters, and rising with the subject, It was no very difficult thing, she thought, for borne upwards by the impulse of mind, to the people to make their nonsense peculiar, and to elevation of lofty imaginings in impassioned dicturn what ideas they had into epigrams. Her tion. success corresponded with her expectations. In the day of her prosperity, she passed as a very clever woman; her sayings were recorded; her points laughed at; her paradoxes believed. When her fortunes fell, her acquirements would have become useless, if she had not been able to make another, and I do not know, except on the world's principles of morality, a more unworthy, use of her talents As she had before employed her trickeries to gain her reputation, she now employed them to gain her a support. She made gentlemen, like Mr. M'Kinnon, believe that she had a profound knowledge of character, because she described character in aphorisms; that she could educate their daughters because she laid down the principles of education in maxims. And at the same time, as we have seen, she obtained an additional security from those gentlemen's belief in the value of the knowledge she could

There is no attempt at fine writing. The author disappears behind the creation of his fancy, hid by a veil of brightness. We never say, in a pause of attention, That incident is cleverly contrived,' or That character is well drawn.' But, when all is over, when the curtain closes on the victims of treachery and love, and when we wake from the illusion of the scene and find ourselves (thanks to our happy fate and the lapse of three centuries) living under the mild government of Charles X., instead of the dark tyranny of a Catherine of Medicis, by the title of Henry III., we say to each other, Well; but, though this be very real life, it is but a play,-that play must be written by somebody of great power to have wielded our minds in this manner.' 'He is a very young man.' So much the better; he will have time to write us a great many more.' It is a good thing to have popular writers to show us

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wife, who lies in a swoon at his feet, and then
ends the piece by a line which announces his
sinister views against the King, and may be thus
done into English:

what the good old times were:-not half so good
as the times we live in. Many persons have
gathered all their knowledge of English history
from Shakspeare's plays; and, though we do not
apprehend that Monsieur Alexandre Dumas has
'The servant is despatched, now for the master.'
kept quite so close to historic truth as the author
To what we have said of the author, we must add
of Richard II.' or King John,' yet in giving us
a few words concerning the actors. A new play is
an historic drama,-the subject taken from the
annals of his own country, he has the merit of almost always well cast in Paris. The minor parts
are never gone through with that air of pouting
striking out a new path, and of leading the way
firmly and securely. His pictures are like Van- displeasure at implied inferiority, which is too
common at the London theatres. The part allotted
dyke's portraits: the persons looking themselves,
without affectation or pretence, or any indication is perfectly well played by the first comic actress
to Mademoiselle Mars is decidedly tragic, and it
of looks or gestures called up for the occasion. in Europe. A capital of real talent is like a capital
In drawing the character of the unhappy prince of real specie; it may be turned in any direction,
who fell by the knife of Jacques Clement, those
vices and follies at which humanity blushes are
and applied to any purpose, and will always have
its weight and its power. Firmin is the most pa-
discretely thrown into shade. We see not the
thetic lover on the boards. The English spectators
Gallic Sardanapalus adorned in female gear, en-
may fancy they see in him the spirit of the grace-
gaged in the shameless orgies of a wanton court;
but his weakness, his irresolution, his fatal re-
ful and tender Barry once more embodied, but
in a smaller frame. All the costumes are correct,
liance on his cold-hearted, deep-thinking mother, being taken from portraits of the period, and every
are depicted with exact truth, and relieved by tradition that could be worked into the web of the
some bright touches of that chivalrous spirit piece has been carefully interwoven. The author
which has seldom been found wanting to princes is attached to the household of the Duke of Or-
of the blood royal of France. Feeble of purpose,
biggoted and ignorant, Henry III. is still emi-leans, who has shown himself zealous to promote
nently the gentleman, and shows himself willing be sure to please all good connoisseurs, was by
the success of the play, which, though it might
favour of his Royal Highness, which is of itself
no means so certain to satisfy all princes. The
fame, has of course excited as much envy as the
applause of the pit, and has been made a matter
of reproach; whereas, from his known good taste,
discernment, and thorough acquaintance with the
subject, it is in reality a sure sign of the merit of
the performance.

to be the soldier.

Catherine would have been a very difficult part to write and to play, if the audience had not been let into the secret of her perfidy. She is exposed to us as a great bad woman; firm to her purpose, and careless of her means; very fit to govern while the bulk of society had not yet learned to feel its strength and to assert its rights; in short, to be loyal subjects, obeying according

to the law, and not abject slaves to despotic will. Guise the balafré, (that word is untranslatable,) ferocious, unrelenting, and of manners insolent and overbearing, is just such a leader as must draw to destruction those misguided men who cannot or will not learn from the history of ages how much the king's name is a tower of strength,' and how fatal is the error of deserting the throne of a legitimate ruler to follow the banner of a usurper, however brilliant his talents and seducing his promises.

The business of the piece is the check given to the power of Guise by the King, who suddenly declares his determination to take upon himself the command of the army of the league. The plot or intrigue turns upon the passion of the Count de St. Mégrin for the wife of Guise. This guilty love, which shows fair as maiden modesty at such a court, is fostered and promoted by the artifices of the Queen-mother, who contrives to betray the unhappy and faultless lady to the temptation of a private interview with the object of her tender, and hitherto unowned affection.

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We say nothing of the several meetings of the lovers those who have loved will find them to be just like nature, and those who have not, may learn without the risk of their own experience, what nature is like. As Catherine intended, the mutual tenderness is discovered by the offended husband, who cannot know how much temptation has been resisted; nor how pure has been the life, though the imagination is so warm. His jealousy rests on much slighter foundations than that of Othello; and his vengeance is, according to his character, much more brutal. By dint of personal violence, and the terror of his actions as well as words, he forces the unhappy lady to write an invitation to St. Mégrin. He falls into the snare, (when was love cautious or bravery suspicious?) and, waylaid by assassins placed by the Duke de Guise, dies, not in the sight, but in the hearing, of the audience. Never had life been so dear to him as the moment before he loses it; for, certain never to see him again, the lady had confessed to him her long-concealed affection. The Duke de Guise remains on the stage to direct from the window the murder of his victim, and feasts his ears with the sound of his last struggles, regardless of his

bably appear in London, and will doubtless excite
intense curiosity and interest; but it never can be
seen with so much zest in a foreign capital as by
us who dwell among the very streets and houses
rendered aweful by tradition. We, the world,
have had a turbulent youth: we are now arrived at
the mature age of unfettered judgment and dear-
taught experience. May he exert the one to
diffuse the blessings of civilization, and guide our
lives wisely by the other!

A translation or imitation of the play may pro

POETRY.

DISCONTENT AND CORRECTION.

SUMMER hours soon pass away,
Darkness tracks the brightest day,
Wasting hail and storms and rain
Sweep across the waving plain,
With one undistinguished ruin
Man's and nature's work pursuing!
Thus will all things that we love
To the dark grave onward move,
Sound of music, sight of flowers,
Memory of childhood's hours,
Hope, and joy, and gentle tears,
Odours which the west-wind bears,
Murmurs of the forest brook,
Eddying leaves in some still nook,-
All must fade and all must wane,
Visions of a dreamer's brain;
Hurrying, crowding, jostling on,
Till every form of beauty 's gone,
And the world is empty left
Of hope, and love, and joy bereft !
Thus I mourned as I to day
O'er the mountains took my way:
Shaping, so my fancy wrought
On the web of troubled thought,
Nought but grief and pain and gloom
In our passage to the tomb;
Deeming we were striving still
Hopelessly through good and ill,
For an end which ne'er could bless
Man in this world-Happiness.
Yet I knew that some there were,
Even in this vale of care,
Who for love might never know
All things lovely perish so;

Hearts that burn with their own light,
Eyes with inbred beauty bright,

Which can robe with their own glory
Shore and cape and promontory,
Lofty tower and lowly cell,
Mountain, rock, or mossy dell,
Making common things to seem
Brighter than a fairy dream!
These will drink from their own treasure
Of sweet thoughts, abundant pleasure,
Which they've heaped this many a day
From the dull crowd far away:
Unobserved men, to whom

The world is nothing but a tomb
For hopes and fears, while all alone
They live unhonoured and unknown.
They from morn till eve will lie
In the light of summer sky,
Building up the dome of thought,
Fairer far than palace wrought
By a cunning master's hand
For a glory to the land.
Sights and sounds of birds and streams
Dimly mixed like shapes in dreams,
Sighs of breezes in the wood,
Shoutings of the mountain flood,
As it springs from steep to steep,
And the murmurs of the deep,
Build for them the fabric bright,
Wealthier than chrysolite ;

Where they love to stray along,
Sheltered from the unquiet throng,
Who still toiling onward press
Through life's devious wilderness,
Haunted by those anarchs old,
Power and custom, pride and gold,
Like a giant-peopled shore
In a poet's tale of yore.
Such a man at eve I met,
Ere the golden sun was set,
Robing tower, and rock, and hall,
Dark-brown wood and waterfall,
With the soft and purple light
Which he scattered in his flight;
On a smooth and verdant beach,
Which the ripples scarcely reach
When the waves and winds at play
Toss aloft the golden spray
Toward the sun on summer's day,
We were standing side by side,
Gazing on the panting tide
As it gently rose and fell

With a soft and murmuring swell,
Making answer tenderly

To the shrill sea-swallow's cry.

'Why,' I said, 'should aught have power To make sad so sweet an hour?

Why must pain and sorrow dull

All of bright and beautiful ?

Is there aught in land or sea

Which may good and stable be?
While we speak the sun is sinking,
Larger draughts the flowers are drinking,
Night the sky's last blush is hiding,
Heedless of the poet's chiding.'
'Peace!' the old man gently said,
Turning up his frosted head,
Where the steps of seventy springs
Left tokens of their visitings,-
'Peace!' and pointed where on high,
Looking through the eastern sky,
On her car of silver sheen

Rode in joy the evening queen,
Round whose state the eternal train
Of shining sister nymphs remain,
Weaving still their web of light
On the deep black floor of night.
While he gazed, a gladsome ray
O'er his features seemed to play,
Soothing every line which care,
Pain, or grief, had graven there,
Like the moonbeams soft and bright
On a lake some summer night,
Which with beauty chaste and tender
And their own exceeding splendour
Every ripple smooth away
Which upon its surface lay.
'Look aloft,' at length he said,

"There thy doubts are answered,

Shades may veil the bright and fair,

Pain, and grief, and canker care,

Flowers may fade and moons may wane-
'Tis but to be bright again!

Nought can die in heaven or earth
But must be a glorious birth,

To some other gorgeous thing
Fair as poet's imaging.

If the sunbeams pass away,
If dark evening tracks the day,
"Tis that lines of living light
May the Ocean forehead dight,
When the sun sinks down to sleep
In the bosom of the deep.

Look when Spring lifts up the veil,
Which Earth wore through winter pale,
Snow-drops pure, through vale and hill,
Crocus, violet, daffodill,

Flourish for a little space;
Then these fade, that in their place,
Flowers of prouder scent and hue
May the living garb renew,

Which the modest Earth puts on
At the wooing of the Sun.

Fruits could not the traveller bless

In the thirsty wilderness,

Had not first the blossoms died;
Nor throughout the meadows wide,
Could there life and beauty be
But for past mortality.

Thus through summer, autumn, spring,
With a constant visiting,

Death and beauty, hand-in-hand,
Walk through heaven, and sea, and land,
Raising up to sweep away,
And renew from day to day.
So it is with essences,
Nobler than the flowers and trees,
Man himself must subject be
To like mutability:
First our gracious childhood dies,
Then youth follows fast and flies;
Manhood then; then slow old age
Crowns and closes up the page.
Joy hath smiled on every time,—
Youth is beautiful, the prime
Of man hath beauty for its dower,
So age and childhood in their hour:
Thus in turn we fade and bloom,
Till beyond the mouldering tomb
Death the bonds of earth hath riven
And unbarred the gates of heaven!'
Thus he mildly spoke, reproving
My faint hope; then slowly moving
From the shore, he bade me speed
In the faith that all had need
Of some seasons less serene
Than other hours might be, had been :
And when we parted, home I went
With higher hope, and more content
Than when first at break of day

I wandered o'er the mountains gray.

MR. HAYDON'S PICTURE OF EUCLES.

THE Chairing of the Members' has been removed from the Exhibition-room at the Western Exchange, and has given place to the unfinished painting of Eucles. This picture represents a Greek soldier, who ran from Marathon to Athens, as soon as the victory over the Persians was decided, and died from fatigue and wounds, as he entered the city. In order that the interest of this subject may be heightened, Eucles is represented, after having publicly announced the victory, arriving exhausted at his own house, and dropping as he reaches the threshold. His wife and children, rushing out to meet him, have their joy converted into terror and grief, on beholding the condition to which he is reduced; and these, together with a figure stepping forward to support the sinking warrior, form the principal group of the picture. It would be presumptuous in any but one who is himself a professor of the art to pretend even to guess the ultimate effect of a painting, from viewing it in an unfinished state, or to counsel the author as to its future treatment. To his brother artists, therefore, Mr. Haydon must chiefly look for the benefit derivable from the animadversions which this exhibition of the Eucles may provoke. To see a work by an artist so eminent as Mr. Haydon in a state of progress, may be curious and satisfactory to a great portion of the public, to whom such an opportunity is not often afforded; and, as the former productions of Mr. Haydon's pencil, including The Judgment of Solomon,' are to be seen at the same time, the exhibition is well worthy of a visit.

As to the Eucles, we expect to be pleased with it when finished; although we fear even the com. position, which is now complete, will not be free from objection. The immense stride of the man advancing to prevent the falling of Eucles, seems extravagant and forced. The figure of the child, rushing forward with extended arms, does not appear devoid of affectation and in appropriate character.

PANDEMONIUM.

BURFORD'S PANORAMA, LEICESTER-SQUARE.

above the rest, and moved the mighty cherubim to brandish their flaming swords, illumining all hell around, and to hurl defiance towards the vault of heaven.

The attempt, in fact, has not been made, and Mr. Burford, although he has opened a panoramic view of Pandemonium after the design of Mr. Slous, has not essayed to represent the Pandemonium of Milton. Between the two there is this difference Milton's painting is historical, the panorama is landscape; in the former, the animate objects are principal; the scenery and architecture are accessory; in the latter, the view of the infernal abyss forms the picture, its inmates act a subordinate part. The panorama, in fact, as those more penetrating divined that it would be, is a picture of the capital of Satan, somewhat in the style of Martin. It abounds in massive architecture and lofty and rugged mountains, floods and rocks of every hue, and of every temperature, from the fiery Phlegethon to the cold and oblivious Lethe. The outline is grand, and the colouring, where it is not intended to be mysterious, is powerful.

The figures, Mr. Burford tells us, are on a reing, and it is left to the imagination to supply duced scale, in order to give effect to the painttheir colossal dimensions. It is to be remarked, however, that the object of this arrangement has been in some measure defeated by the enormous size, and conspicuous prominence, and powerful colouring of the great dragon. The masses of architecture on the left hand of the dragon, and the vale through which Lethe winds its slow and silent stream,' seemed to us the best parts of the picture. The exhibition, we conclude, will be highly popular for a season; but, loving panoramas, riment may not be repeated. we cannot help indulging a hope that the expe

THE DRAMA.

TIMELY announcement had fully prepared the public for some grand and wonderful novelty at the Panorama, in Leicester-fields; yet there are few, we imagine, who take an interest in matters of this nature, who did not exclaim with surprise on learning that the promised exhibition was to be an illustration of Pandemonium. The approvers and admirers of Panoramas in general, held their opinion in suspense as to the probability of success in the bold and heterodox experiment. These pleasing exhibitions they had been accustomed to regard as peculiarly appropriated to the representations of natural scenery: many probably had considered them as adapted for that purpose exclusively, and had looked to them less as a sight, and as source of that sort of gratification which is derived from beholding a well-executed picture, aided by the effects of an ingenious contrivance, than as the means of adding to their stock of knowledge of the actual world, and of forming ideas more defined and accurate than could be received from oral or written description, of the form and aspect of sites and scenes which, while from the circumstance of their possessing transcendant picturesque beauty, or other remarkable local peculiarities, or from their historical or classical associations, they have acquired celebrity, and become the objects of interest and curiosity Drury Lane. of civilized man in general, lie beyond the circumscribed range of the tether by which the loco-boxing day,' it is not calculated that the holiday folk ON Easter Monday, or on what is vulgarly called motive power of most persons in this their mortal will give much tolerance to any thing serious; it is, course is limited. therefore, remarkable that on Monday night the whole of ' Venice Preserved,' which, though a short is a tiresome play, was heard without the least symptom of impatience, although the pantheon of the galleries was completely full, and the promised tours de force' of the Parisian phenomena,' were likely to have raised great and eager expectations in the breasts of as many of their godships as understood or had received an interpretation of the mysterious phrase. The excellent acting of Miss Phillips, who played the part of Belvidera better than even on the former occasion, must have a large share of the praise of having hindered the expression of impatience; for the dramatis persone had evidently received instructions to gallop through their parts, which they were by no means loath to obey. When the play was done, the Alcides' presented themselves. One is rather tall the other short and thickset. They appeared in character, each with his club; but, laying them aside, went through a numerous series of attitudes, equally remarkable for gracefulness of position and muscular development. These pleased universally, but not so the subsequent tours de force.' The strength they displayed was very wonderful, but several of the exhibitions involved, in the minds of many of the spectators, such imminent hazard, that with them admiration yielded to terror, and partial hisses were heard. However, no one fainted. One of the feats performed by the stouter of the two,-whose limbs, in every thing but the colour and the dimensions, are like those of the Hyde Park monster,-deserves mention. Standing on a chair, he bent backwards over the back, and took from the stage a piece of lead, (which appeared a heavy burden to the two attendants who brought it thither,) and, holding it in both arms across his chest, recovered his erect position, and then returned it to the place whence he took

Not that a panoramic painting the most perfect that ever was strained around its ample circumference can do more than approach identity of character with the scene which it pretends to represent. However exact the outline, the breath of life and nature must ever be wanting from the former to leave sufficient difference between the reality and the picture to reserve a full measure of enjoyment for him who at any future period of his career shall visit a spot he has previously contemplated in panoramic exhibition. Yet as such pictures are the best substitute till now devised for actual observation, who would not feel jealous of every innovation, and apprehensive that disrepute might attach to all exhibitions of the kind, from the failure in the new attempt, or from a perversion to purposes less obviously within the scope of the original invention?

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Such were the reflections suggested by the advertisement of the picture of Pandemonium. Yet it probably occurred to many persons, as it did to ourselves, even before Mr. Burford's modest preface to his Description' fell into our hands, that the panorama afforded advantages which might be made available for giving effect to efforts in the higher branch of the art,' and which might be employed to embody with boldness and grandeur the most sublime imagery.' But then the difficult question, Who is to design this sublime imagery? Exists there the hardy pencil that dares aspire to pourtray Hell's dread Emperor and his millions of subject-spirits as depicted by Milton? The magic hand that traced the Last Judgment' must have failed in the attempt to embody, to the satisfaction of the readers of the Paradise Lost,' the sublime conceptions of the author, the tower-like form, the face, entrenched by thunder scars, of the apostate angel, as he stood

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by the same process, and rose again without any appearance of effort or exhaustion. After these exploits, the melodrama of Thierna-na-Oge' began. it is founded on the Irish legend of O'Donnoghue, Prince of the Lakes,' of whose sub-aqueous domicile and environs the beautiful scenery mainly consisted. We cannot go particularly into the plot,of which the said

Prince is the cardinal hinge. A young Irish girl, whom a wicked lord, in the guise of a peasant, had endeavoured to seduce, is under the protection of thegood people,' who recover her from drowning in the lake, into which she had plunged to escape from the rude lust of her seducer, and persuade her to marry a young Irishman of her own rank, whom also they save from a double death at the hands of his unprincipled rival,-he, after having been shot by his lordship, being about to be hanged by his instrumentality for the supposed murder of his future bride, when the fairies interpose, and so enchant all parties concerned that Sampson Sinister, the servant of the Lord Glencar, is, by every one but himself, taken for the condemned lover, and, unable to convince any person of his identity, retires to the place of execution. Mr. Weekes was Dan O'Reilly, the honest lover; and Miss Booth, his mistress. He acted his part with excellent tact and much spirit, and sang two songs, in one of which he was encored, with good taste and appropriate expression. Miss Booth was received with the hearty welcome of a former favourite, and did what she had to do very well. The scenery is various and beautiful, and the good people' went through their antics in particularly good order.

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Covent-Garden.

On Monday night we went to see the first representatlon of the new Easter Piece at this theatre, which was preceded by The Point of Honour,' and that most amusing of farces, 'Honest Thieves;' and rarely do we remember to have witnessed, even on this classic ground of scenic splendour, the birth-place of Peter Wilkins, of Cherry end Faristan, a more excellent exhibition than The Devil's Elixir' displayed to us. In general, these pieces are no more than frames in which fine scenery and pretty music are to be set off; but this is in itself possessed of very considerable interest, and, supported as it is by some of the most beautiful scenery we ever saw, will not fail of being highly attractive. The following is a brief outline of the story:

Francesco (Mr. Warde), a monk of the monastery of St. Anthony, and keeper of the reliques, is deeply, and of course desperately, enamoured of Aurelia (Miss Hughes), the betrothed bride of the brother of Count Hermogen (Mr. Wood). Among the reliques intrusted to his care, is a flask of the demoniacal elixir, the soul-destroying wine of the Shadow King. This having been once offered to St. Anthony, by a demon, in one of the famous temp tations, was retained by the saint, who consigned his tempter to a sleep of a century. At the opening of the piece, this period having elapsed, the monster (0. Smith) is again abroad upon the earth, and, in hatred to St. Anthony, tempts Francesco to drink the liquid, whose effect is to metamorphose him into his brother's shape. This he does, and, leaving his cell, proceeds to Castle Hartzmere : here the two brothers meet, and the confusion is terrible. In vain Aurelia endeavours to discover which of the claimants is the impostor; her penetration is baffled, till Nicholas, the ci-devant bellringer of the monastery (Keely), recollecting that all who have dealings with the devil become shadowless, contrives to throw his lamp into such a direction as to convict Francesco of wanting that necessary appendage to a gentleman. He is hurried away to a dungeon, and Hermogen remains possessor of the lady. In the prison, however, Francesco is visited by the Demon, who engages to rescue him and give him his beloved, upon the usual conditions, with this particular stipulation; that, if before eight o'clock that evening, he should refuse Aurelia, he should immediately become the property of the infernal spirits of the Elixir. In desperation, Francesco consents, and is immediately transferred to the feet of his mistress, and his place filled by the real Hermogen and Nicholas. The ceremony is now approaching: Francesco and Aurelia appear at the shrine of St. Anthony; the clock is on the stroke of eight; the prior is about to hallow the union, when Hermogen, escaped from his confinement, breaks in upon them, but is immediately arrested, and ordered to be carried out for execution, when a burst of tender solicitude for his absent and dear brother Francesco awakes the good feelings of the latter, who, after a violent struggle, throws from him Aurelia's portrait, (which acted upon him as a spell,) and surrenders her hand, requesting instant death as a boon. Upon this the clock strikes eight, and the demon claims his forfeit; but it is Allhallows' Eve, the shrine of St. Anthony is at hand, and no evil spirit has power there: Francesco flies to the sanctuary, with the demon on his track; but, as the fiend sets his foot on the threshold, the insulted saint avenges himself by a thunderbolt; the shrine is dashed to pieces, and disappears, leaving a most beautiful champaign in its place, from the back of

which, clad in his pilgrim's weeds, comes the repentant Francesco, as from a long pilgrimage, and blesses the marriage of his brother. This, which was ably supported by all the performers, possesses a most powerful interest; while the transformations were so beautifully managed as to create the highest delight to the audience. There never were produced on any stage two more beautiful scenes than the exterior of the

monastery to which Francesco's cell is changed upon his drinking the potion, and the last scene, after the destruction of the shrine. Hartzmere Castle, and the chamber in which the detection of the Shadowless Man takes place, are exquisite pieces of art. The only fault we have to find with the music, which is extremely pretty, is, that there is a little too much of it for a piece whose interest requires a rapid succession of events, and in which, by its very constitution, the music is intended to act a subordinate part. Upon the whole, we do not remember any Easter-piece which we consider superior to this in the interest of its plot, the splendour of its decorations, and the conception and execution of its beautiful scenery; but, even had these been less distinguished, the capital acting of the principal performers would have rendered it highly attractive. It was given out for repetition amidst the loud approbation of the audience.

FOREIGN VARIETIES.

THE GLOBE UPSET.-We have been vastly edified by a peep into Sandal's Cosmogoniæ Antiquitatis,' &c., wherein he has wasted much pains and erudition in an attempt to prove, that at the completion of certain periods, our fugacious globe suddenly twists itself ninety degrees from its centre, in a curve from north to south. He affirms, that its last dislocation was the cause of the Deluge; before which event, we are instructed by him, the North Pole was seated in that tract of land on the African continent which lies under

the equator! and that the equator, therefore, once on a time, begirt the present North Pole. By this mutation

of the pole, the earth, after being cooled in one region, is steamed in another, and vice versa: moreover, our learned friend's theory deprives the discovery of mammoth bones in northern climes of its aptitude to addle the brains of geologists. The application he makes of passages from ancient writers soars beyond the reach of all rational comment. For instance, he has called Herodotus (II. 142) to his aid, in that passage where he narrates, from information derived from the Egyptian priests, that, in the course of ages, the sun had set twice in the east, and risen twice in the west; and Cicero, (N. D. II. 7.), where he asks, ' (Possentne) untotius cœli conversione cursus astrorum dispares conservari, nisi ea uno divino et continuato spirit continerentur ?' We would ask Mr. Sandal, precontra, how, and when, and by whom, our Latin The saure has undergone a revolution which would sorutterlus invert the sense of Cicero's query, as to warant they inference, that he conceived the globe to have been jostled out of its regular course?

CHINESE COURIERS.-At certain distances along the roads and canals in China, say at intervals of two or three miles, are placed square buildings, with a sscieih of sentry-box attached to them, where a soldier is seen on duty; and, should any tumult or breach of the peace occur, he pounces down, sans cérémonie, on the offender. The peculiar province of these sentries is to act the part of couriers; for there is no other sort of post in China, besides that dependent upon these runners; they transport the ministerial despatches from one station to the other, and convey letters from Pekin to Canton in twelve days, which gives a rate of fifty leagues per day.

BIOGRAPHY.-We wish the example we are about to record might find imitators amongst ourselves. The family of Count Christian D. F. Von Reventlow have offered a premium of 1007. for the best biographical account of that eminent minister, particularly with reference to the advantages which Denmark has derived from his services, both in his private as well as his public capacity. And the Danish Royal Society of Arts and Sciences have responded to this patriotic appeal, by appointing a Committee to decide upon the merits of such essays as may be sent in to their Secretary on or before the 1st of May, 1830.

SWEDEN. The subsequent information is derived from a report to the Swedish Sovereign, recently published by the Commission of Statistics.' The investigations, of which it presents the results, refer to a period of five years, beginning with 1821, and ending

with 1825.

It appears that the number of births, during that interyal, were 478,532, whereof 33,566 were illegitimate.

The preceding period of five years, (1816-1820,) the number had been 426,265; so that the comparative increase during the years 1821-1825, had been 52,267, or 8 3-20 per cent. The average number of illegitimate births was one in thirteen during the latter of these periods, including the returns of Stockholm, where it is a lamentable fact, that the number of natural born children is equal to nearly one-third of the whole number of births.

The return of the deaths for the years 1821-1825, exhibits a total of 294,594: whereas, during the five years preceding, it had exhibited a total of 311,645: the diminution for the former period, being 17,051, or 3,410 per annum. The greatest number of mortalities occurred in the months of March, and the least in those of September, in each year. In the five years from 1821-1825, twenty-six persons died after attaining the age of 100, though the longest life was that of a female, who was near upon completing her 107th year. It is remarkable that, in this interval, there were 1,941 cases of children suffocated whilst sleeping in the same beds with their mothers or nurses.

The entire population of Sweden in 1825, was 2,771,252, which shows an increase of 7% per cent. on the gross amount of its population in 1820. In the period of five years, ending 1825, there were 300 nobles, 3,201 citizens, and 203,103 peasants more; and 906 ecclesiastical, and 26,555 strangers, Jews, &c. less than in the latter period. In 1825, the numbers of the clergy were 3,476; of the army, 57,736; of the navy, 10,011; and of those concerned in manufactures and mining, 28,256. The indigent class amounted to 21,216. It will scarcely be credited that, in this year, so large a population as the Swedish should have contained only one manufacturing designer, one chocolate maker, one enameller, one colour-maker, and one wax-bleacher.

AMERICAN NAVY.-The Government of the United States did not bestow any serious attention upon the increase of its maritime power until the year 1815. during the revolution did not exceed twenty-five, of The greatest number of vessels in the public service which there were five frigates of 32 guns, twelve ships mounting from 24 to 28 guns, and eight from 10 to 16 guns. The Act of the 29th of April, 1816, appropriated an annual sum of one million of dollars to the increase of the naval force; but, in 1820, this appropriation was reduced to five hundred thousand dollars a-year.

The American navy consisted, in 1827, of twelve vessels of the line, sixteen frigates, and sixteen sloops of war. In 1828, its state was as follows:

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BEET-ROOT SUGAR.-At the meeting of the Academy of Sciences at Paris, held on the 8th of December last, Messieurs Tessier, Silvestre, and Thénard presented their report on the paper laid before the Academy by M. de Beaujeu, on the subject of manufacturing sugar from beet-root. 'M. de Beaujeu,' says the report, has established a manufactory of beet-root sugar on his estate in the department of the Orne: and he thus describes the process he has adopted, as the result of careful investigation and numerous experiments. After taking the roots out of the ground, he cleans them, cuts away the leaves, heads, and small roots, and then houses them in a state of readiness for rasping, or grating; for which last operation it is not necessary they should be washed. The rasping must be carefully and effectually done, and the juice be extracted immediately, because exposure to the atmosphere will speedily deteriorate its quality. He then impregnates the juice with a portion of lime, of which he uses but an inconsiderable excess: it is afterwards evaporated, and mixed with animal carbon. The rapid evaporation, together with the ebullition occasioned by an intense heat, causes the syrup to crystallize. If the operation be well conducted, he affirms that as large a portion of sugar will be obtained as by the tardier process which is usually employed; whilst much time will be saved, and a considerable quantity of crystalline formations, which are expensive and difficult to be dealt with, will be avoided. The method used by M. de Beaujeu is analogous to that adopted in the West Indies; and the

.

He retired to the country, complained of barren praise,' and neglected verse,' and denominated himself the

product obtained affords so handsome a remuneration to the manufacturer, that the article may now be considered as an established branch of French industry.-'melancholy Cowley.' Our English and Irish agriculturists might profitably direct their attention to this subject. The duties on sugars do not extend to articles of native growth; and this is not an age when the Legislature would venture to interfere with their production.

TIFLIS GAZETTE.-We adverted in a former page (No. p. ) to the literary phenomenon which had appeared in the capital of Georgia, under the title of Tifliskiya Vedomosti.' Subsequent information acquaints us, that it is published every Wednesday in the Russian language, with a translation into Armenian. Its professed object is to convey intelligence to the inquisitive on the other side of the Caucasus, as well as to the Armenian provinces which Russia has recently added to the 728,000 square leagues of Asiatic and American territory which she has converted to her use during the last hundred years. The expense of this journal is thirty roubles, or about twenty-five shillings, per annum. However strange it may sound to the ears of free men, there is a spirit of mildness and beneficence in Russian despotism; whence, otherwise, the rapid increase which annually takes place in the population of Russia, or the pains and expense notoriously bestowed on the amelioration of its intellectual condition? The decreasing population and prosperity of Turkey may at least be adduced as proofs, indicative of the vi ciousness and barbarism of Ottoman despotism!

PRISONS.-The subsequent is an official statement of the number and description of the prisons in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. There are four principal jails or Houses or Correction : viz. For Belgium-one at Ghent for 1500, and one at Vilvoerde for 1300, prisoners. For Holland-one at Bois-le-duc for 800 prisoners, and one at Lewwaerden for the like number. These all together possess accommodation, therefore, for four thousand four hundred criminals. Besides a Penitentiary for fifteen hundred prisoners at Antwerp, which is for the use of the Southern provinces, it is intended to build a second capable of containing one thousand individuals, for the use of the Northern. There are also two military prisons, which are nurseries for the colonial service; one of which is at Alost, and is calculated to hold 500, and the other at Leyden for 700 prisoners. In the year 1826, the number of criminals employed in labour was 6535, of which 5545 belonged to the chief and 990 to the minor prisons. These last consisted of 54 Spunging Houses, 12 Correctionary Houses, &c., 26 Jails, 4 Asylums or Depôts,' besides twenty one places of confinement for the military. In speaking of the English prisons it is remarked by Doctor Julius of Berlin, who has lately published a very interesting work on the 'Science of Prisons, their Amelioration, &c.,' and given some curious details of the actual state of these establishments in the various countries of Europe and America, that England and Wales united contain 518 prisons of all descriptions, in only 23 of which a classification by sexes had been introduced, whilst in 59 of them the males and females were huddled indiscriminately together! With the exception of the Penitentiary at Milbank, he affirms, that the worst-organized prisons in England are the twelve London jails, particularly that of Clerkenwell!' The leading principle which prevails throughout his valuable work, is the transforming of public places of confinement into schools of amendment, from which the offender may return into the bosom of society, not simply after he has undergone the penalty of his offence and closed his account with justice, but after his evil propensities and depraved habits have been thrown off in the crucible of morals and wholesome industry.— He states that, from 1810 to 1826, sentence of death was passed, in England, on 15,652 individuals, of whom 1384 were executed; and in France, on 2755, of whom 850 expiated their offences with their lives.

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Home.

Home's home, although it reached be
Through wet, and dirt, and night; though heartily
I welcomed was, yet something still,
Methinks, was wanting to fulfil
Content's old appetite; no eheer,
Says I, so good as that which meets me here.
Home, home, sweet home, releaseth me
From anxious joys, into the liberty
Of unsolicitous delight;

Which, howsoever mean and slight,
By being absolutely free,
Enthrones me in contentment's monarchy.
Dr. Beaumont, edit. 1749.
2.-SENTIMENTAL.

Remorse.-The sense of existence pursued him like a ceaseless torment. His mind no longer presented a wide field for reflection, but haunted him with one single image armed with daggers.-Himly.

Parental Love.

Dear babe, that sleepest cradled by my side,
Whose gentle breathings, heard in this dead calm,
Fill'd up the interspersed vacancies
And momentary pauses of the thought!
My babe, so beautiful! it fills my heart
With tender gladness, thus to look at thee,
And think that thou shalt learn far other lore,
And in far other scenes! For I was rear'd
In the great city, pent 'mid cloisters dim,
And saw nought lovely but the sky and stars.
But thou, my babe! shalt wander like a breeze
By lakes and sandy shores, beneath the crags
Of ancient mountain, and beneath the clouds
Which image in their bulk both lakes, and shores,
And mountain crags; so shalt thou see and hear
The lovely shapes and sounds intelligible
Of that eternal language which thy God
Utters, who from eternity doth teach
Himself in all, and all things in himself.
Great Universal Teacher! he shall mould
Thy spirit, and by giving make it ask.

3.-DRAMATICAL.

Coleridge.

Plutarch's Attack on Aristophanes.-There is, sooth tragi-comic, bombastic, as well as pedestrian-there is to say, in the structure of his phraseology, something obscurity-there is vulgarity-there are turgidity and pompous ostentation- together with a garrulity and trifling, that are enough to turn the stomach! Aristophanes can neither please the multitude, nor be endured by the refined; but his muse, resembling a decayed courtesan, that imitates the dignity of a matron, assumptions, and abominated by the graver few for her is at once disgusting to the many from her insolent lewdness and malignity.-Plutarch. Aristoph. et Me

nandr. Com.

Bona verba, Plutarche!

Nicodemi Frischlini Defens. Aristoph. 4.-ROMANTIC.

A Night Storm.-The wind increased to a storm; but we walked about the heath for several hours, listening to the roar of the blast among the tall firs, and observing the dark ocean of clouds driving along the firmament. I was myself charmed with the wildness time, Wilton became absolutely enchanted with visionof the scene; but, forgetting his grievances for the ary ecstasy.

'O! how I could wish,' he said, 'to be wrapt in these viewless winds, and dash along from mountain to mountain, and from cloud to cloud! I feel as if I

could spurn the earth from under my feet, spring aloft into the dark air, and companion me with the spirit of the storm! Richmond! you may call this dreaming madness, but it is a dream I like to indulge in. I like to let my fancy go with the blast, and revel among the clouds; and a night storm is so grand, so sublime, so darkly beautiful! the very music of magnificent sound, the very poetry of resistless motion! Do you remember the lines I once repeated to you on this glorious subject?

'The midnight winds are forth, with high career,
Urging their cloudy chariots rapidly,
As if they rush'd to war, or fled in fear,

Along the champaign azure of the sky!
The heavens are all in motion-and the eye
Beholds the wonted visions of its search,-
Moon, star, and cloud, all hurrying rapidly

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St. Jerome's Translations of the Scriptures.-A singu~ lar anecdote is given by St. Augustin of the gross superstition and ignorance of the early ages of the Christian Church, in the following manner : A certain Bishop had given way that this new Latin translation should be read in his church, but with very ill-success; for when the people understood that St. Hierome, in the prophecy of Jonah, had put it down Hederam, instead of that which anciently, according to the Greek, had been cucurbitam, there was a great tumult raised among the parishioners, insomuch that the Bishop was forced to ask counsel of the Jews; who, notwithstanding that they had answered that the original word might bear either of the constructions, yet the people would not be contended till the Bishop had blotted out Hedera, and set down cucurbita, according to what it was before.'-St. August. Epist. ad Hierom. Now, it is very probable, that neither the one nor the other is the proper term; for the Hebrew kikojou, which more probably meant the plant from which the oil of KIKI, mentioned by Herodotus, (b. ii. Euterpe,) was expressed; and bearing the same name in Hebrew also; viz. the oil of kik, as may be seen in treatise 'Shabbath,' chap. ii. Mishna i. 6. CLERICAL.

Catholic Continence.-A brother of the order of Minorite Priors, valiantly confiding, like holy Sara of the Thebais, in his own virtue, said to brother Giles of Assissi, Father, I have overcome a terrible temptation! There was a woman behind me in the street, and the devil assaulted me fiercely, The nearer she came, the stronger the temptation grew. At last, I determined to brave the old enemy by standing still, and looking the woman full in the face. And so I conquered.' Was the woman handsome?' said Giles. No, father,' he replied, she was old and excessively ugly.'— Dam. Carnej, Chron. Serafica, I. 591,

7. THEOLOGICAL,

Miracles. God the Word,' says Lord Bacon, 'in the miracles which he performed, (and every miracle is a new creation, not arising from a law of the first creation,) wished to do nothing that did not altogether breathe of grace and beneficence. Moses performed miracles, and harassed the Egyptians with many plagues; Elias shut up the heaven that it rained not, and brought down the fire of God from heaven, upon captains and their troops; Elisha evoked bears out of the desert, who tore children to pieces; Peter brought death upon the sacrilegious hypocrite Ananias; and Paul struck the sorcerer Elymas blind; but Jesus did nothing of this kind. He was the Lamb of God, without wrath, and without judgment. All his miracles related to the body of man, as all his doctrines to the soul of man. He performed no miracle of judgment; all were works of beneficence.-Baconi Opera, vol. x. p. 320.

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8-ONEIROLOGICAL.

brecht, whom God sent from the dead to be a preacher Visionary. In the divine visions of Hans Engelof repentance and faith to the Christian world, it is stated that he not only had gone to the place of torments, and smelt the stink of the infernal pit, but his friends that he had been there. This,' he says, brought some of the stink back with him, to convince was a sign of my having been before in hell. God made the people who were with me to smell such a diabolical, horrible, and infernal stench, whilst I was getting out of bed, which was so immeasurably bad, and such a dreadful stench, that no other stench they could think of in all the world was comparable to it; and I thereupon said, By this are you to conclude infallibly that I have been before hell. God makes you to smell this diabolical and infernal stench that it may be a certificate or testimony to you; and a testimony it indeed is that I have actually been before hell.'

Had poor Engelbrecht been an Arab instead of a German, and produced this à posteriori proof of his vision among his own countrymen, he must have fled his country, without any hope of returning to it.Divine Vision, translated from the German edition, 1780.

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