Kirkland, Ohio, 43

Know-Nothings," 399.

Knox, Henry, 291.

L

Labor Reform party (1872), 476.

Labrador, sighted by Eric the Red, 9;

discovered by Cabot, 15.

Ladrones, 522.

Lafayette, Marquis de, 208, 209, 219.

Land cessions, 252-254.

Land companies, early, 253.

Land, public, 373.

Land speculation, 422.

Lane, Joseph, 403, 404.
Langdon, John, 336.
Lanier, Sidney, 436.

La Salle, Robert de, 107-109.
Laws of Virginia, 153.
Law lectures, first, 313.
Lawrence, Captain, 341.
Lawrence, frigate, 341.
Laws, American, 579.
Lazarus, Emma, 436.
Lea, Henry C., 585.

Lecompton constitution, 401.
Lecompton convention, 415.
Lee, Charles, General, 212.
Lee, Fitzhugh, 517.

Lee, Richard Henry, 166.

Lee, Robert E., General, 364, 403, 449, 454.

458, 462, 463, 464.

Legislature, the, early state (1776-1800),

191-194; (1800-1862), 419, 420; (1865-1900),
484-486.

Leisler, Jacob, 54.

Lemoyne, Francis, 376.

Leopard, frigate, 335.

Levering, Joshua, 514.

Lewis, Meriweather, 331.
Lexington, 160, 162.

Liberty Party (Liberal Party) Conven-
tion (1838, 1840), 376; (1843), 380; 385.
Liberal Republicans (1872), 476.
Lincoln, Abraham, 364; debates with
Douglas, 401, 402; elected President,
403, 404, 439, 440; inaugural, 441, 444; on
the national policy (1861), 444; adminis-
tration, 444-465; Emancipation, 458-460;
renominated (1864), 460; second inaug-
uration, 461; death, 465; character, 586-
588; ideas of government, 530, 531, 532,
543.544.

Lincoln, General, 216, 219, 220.
Lincoln, Levi, 295.

Linens, 357.

Liverpool, 432.

Lithography, 357.

Little Belt, frigate, 337.

Livingston, Robert R., 167.

Lockwood, Belva A., 502.
Logan, John A., 501.
Lombardy Poplar, 323.

London and Plymouth Company, grants
to, 32-34.

Longfellow, Henry W., 359, 364, 435, 585.
Longstreet, James, General, 452.
Lookout Mountain, 453.

Lords of Trade, 117.

Louisiana, purchase, 330, 331; exploration,
331; admitted, 340; convention (1898),
494, 495.

Man, Albon, 584.

Mangum, W. P., 375, 392.

Manila, 519, 522.

Mansfield, 357.

Manufactures, colonial, 146, 157; (1776-

1800), 323, 324, 325: (1800-1830), 356, 357:
(1830-1860), 430.

"March to the Sea," the, 463.

Marco, Polo, II.

Maria Teresa, the, 520.
Marietta, 312.

Marion, General, 217.
"Mark Twain," 435, 585.
Marquette, Jacques, 106.
Marshall, Humphrey, 392.

Marshall, John, 295, 304, 309, 310, 365, 366.
Martha's Vineyard, 56.

Maryland, granted to Lord Baltimore, 92:
the charter, 93; religious toleration, 93;
St. Mary's settled, 94; discrimination in
religion, 94, 95; religious sects, 93, 94:
difficulties with Clayborne, 95; Crom-
well, 96; the charter cancelled, 96; re-
stored to the family of the proprietor,
97; rank (1790), 311; (1800), 327, 495.
Masilla Valley, 386.

Maskokian race, the, 3.

Mason and Dixon's Line, 89, 90; divides
free from slave soil (1790), 311, 353.
Mason, Captain John, 68.
Mason, James M., 392, 453-

Massachusetts, settlement, 59-68, 73-82;
the revolution in, 159-167; Bill (1774).
159; convention, 177; rank (1790), 311:
(1800), 327: (1830-1860), 425: rank (1900),
581.

Matamoras, 382.

Matchett, Charles H., 514.
Mather, Increase, 153.
Mather, Richard, 152.

Mayaguez, 522.

Mayflower, The, ship, 58, 59: compact, 58.
59: on the Ohio, 253.

McClellan, George B., General, 449, 453,
454, 458, 461.

McCormick, Cyrus, 428.

McCulloch, B., General, 449.

McDonough, Commodore, 342.

McDowell Irwin, General, 449.

"McFingal." 154.

McGuire, Matthew. 514.

McKinley, William, 435; tariff, 508, 509,

511; President, 514-525; re-elected, 525.
McLean, John, 375,

McMaster, John B., 585.

Meade, George B., General, 458.

Meadville, 357.

Medical lectures, first, 313.

Memphis, 451, 452.

Menendez, 24, 26.

Merrimac, the, 454-456.

Merrimac, the (Spanish-American war),
520.

Methodist Episcopal Church, 323; Oregon
mission, 379.

Mexican war, 381-384.

Mexico, 20.

Michigan, 375; rank (1900), 581.
Middle-of-the-Road, Populists, 525.

Migration within the United States (1800-

1900), 555-564.
Milan decree, 333.

Miles, General, 522.

Mill Springs, 450.

Mills, Roger Q., 506.
Minneapolis, 510.
Minuit, Peter, 48.
Missionary Ridge, 453.

Mississippi, admitted, 348; convention

(1890), 491, 492, 493.

Mississippi Valley, the, 571, 572.

Missouri, admitted, 348; rank (1860), 425;
(1900), 581.

Missouri Compromise, 347, 348.

Mitchell, D. G., 365, 435.

Mitchill, Samuel L., 315.

Mobilion race, the, 3.

Modocs, 590.

Mohicans, the, 6.

Mohawks, the, and the Dutch, 50, 51, 54,
55, 210.

Money, Continental, 218: paper issues
during the confederation, 267-280.
Monitor, the, 455, 456.

Monroe doctrine, the, 349, 350, 461, 504.

Monroe, James, 334, 336; administration,
345-350.

Montana, 508, 565.

Matanzas (Cuba), 520.

Montcalm. Marquis de, 121-124.

Montejo, Admiral, 519.

Monterey, 382.

Montesquieu, "Spirit of Laws," 170, 171,
228, 255.

Montgomery, Ala., 440.
Montreal, 25; fort, 111; 124.
Montgomery, Richard, General, 165.
Moquis, 21, 23.

Morgan, Daniel, General, 218.
Mormons, the, 438.

Morris, Robert, 283, 291.

Morris, Thomas, 380.

Morocco leather, 325.

621

Napoleon I., 306, 330, 332, 333, 335, 336, 343,

349.

Napoleon III., 461.

Narvaez, 22.

Nashua, 430.

Nashville, 428, 462, 463, 464.
Nashville, the, 519.

National conventions (1831-1832), 370;
(1836), 374; (1838, 1839, 1840), 376; Lib-
erty party (1843), 380; Democrats (1844),
380; Whigs (1844), 380; Democrats (1848),
386; Whigs (1848), 386; Free Soil (1848),
386; Democrats (1852), 394; Whigs (1852),
395 Free Soil (1852), 395; American
party (know nothing), 1856, 399; Demo-
crats (1856), 399; Republicans (1856),
399: Democrats (1860), 403; constitu-
tional union, 403; Republican, 403; Re-
publican (1864); Radical Republican,
460; Democratic (1864), 461; (1868), 472;
(1872). 476, 477; (1876), 479, 480; (1880),
499; (1884), 501, 502; (1888), 506; (1892),
510; (1896), 514, 515; (1900), 525.
National Democratic party (1896), 515.
National party, the (1896), 514.

National Republicans, 351; nominations
(1828), 352 election of 1828, 368.

National," the term, 138, 141.

Native Americanism, 420.

Natural rights, doctrine of, 258, 259 (see
James Otis), 598-612.

Navigation acts, in Virginia, 42; in New
England, 81, 82, 126, 127.

Navy, in the revolution, 214-216; (1812),
341-344; confederate (1861-1865), 454, 457,
458, 463; National (1861-1865), 450, 451,
452, 453, 454-458; in Spanish-American
war, 519-523.

Neal, John, 359.

Nebraska, 396, 397, 472.

Newburg, Washington's letter from, 278.
Negroes (see slavery, reconstruction, suf-
frage).

Neutrality, Washington's proclamation
of, 297, 298; Washington's counsel on,
303.

New Amsterdam, 48-53.
Newark, 356.

New England, exploration, 56; Plymouth
company, 56; Captain John Smith, 56;
the separatists, 57, 58; the Pilgrims,
58, 59, 60; the Mayflower, 59; settlement
of Plymouth, 59; William Bradford, 60;
town meeting, 60; and the Indians, 60;
Captain Miles Standish, 60; Pilgrims
and Puritans distinguished, 61, 62; the
Massachusetts charter, 62; John Endi-
cott, 62; Salem, 62, 63; John Winthrop,

63: Boston, Charleston, Roxbury, Dor-
chester, Watertown, 63; church fellow-
ship, 63; the town organization, 64; edu-
cation, 65; John Harvard, 65; Harvard
university, 65; Rev. John Eliot, 65:
Roger Williams, 66, 67, 71, 72; Anne
Hutchinson, 66; Rhode Island, 66, 67:
New Hampshire, 68, 69: Vermont, 69, 70:
Connecticut, 70-74: Hartford, 70: the
Dutch, 70; the younger Winthrop, 70:
Rev. Thomas Hooker, 71; Pequot war,
72, 73: Rev. John Davenport, 72, 73:
Milford, Guilford, Stanford, 73; popula-
tion, 73: union of (1643), 74; the Quak-
ers, 74-76: King Philip's war, 77 Charles
II. and New England, 77, 78; James II.
and New England, 78, 79: the Connecti-
cut charter, 78, Sir Edmund Andros,
78; Joseph Dudley, 78; the Episcopal
church, 79; the suffrage, 76, 79; tyranny
of Andros, 79, 80; witchcraft, 80, 81:
navigation acts, 81, 82.

New Hampshire, 68, 69; conventions, 175:
rank (1790), 311; (1800), 327.
New Hampshire grants, 69; created by
Charles II., 77.

New Haven, 356.

New Jersey, settlement, 83; divided, 83.
84; proprietors, 83. 84: Elizabethtown,
83: Byllinge and Fenwick, 83; Berkeley
and Carteret, 83, 84; Salem, Burlington,
84; William Penn, 84, 85; the Indians,
84; Sir Edmund Andros, 84; convention,
175; provisional constitution (1776), 230;
rank (1790), 311; (1800), 327.
New Mexico, 385, 386, 391-394.
New Netherland, 47-53.

New Orleans, 124; battle of, 343, 325, 354.
428, 451; exposition, 591.
Newspapers, colonial (1690-1776), 153;
(1776-1800), 313, 314; (1800-1830), 357.
358; (1830-1860), 433, 434; (1860-1900),
585.

New Sweden, 90, 91.

New York, city, founded, 48, 51, 53, 149:
first description of, 152; in the revolu-
tion, 206, 212, 213, 292, 354, 356, 357, 427,
428, 432, 472.

New York, settlement, 47: East India
company, 47, 48; Fort Nassau, 47, 48;
Fort Orange, 48; Manhattan, 48; New
Amsterdam, 48: Dutch ideals, 48-50;
the Five Nations, 50: the Connecticut
frontier, 50, 51: Collegiate Reformed
church, 51; policy of the West India
company, 51, 52: persecution for religion,
52: Peter Stuyvesant, 52, 53; the English
conquest of, 53, 54; boundaries, 53; the
Duke's Law, 53; Sir Edmund Andros,
53, 54: Jacob Leisler, 54; William and
Mary, 53-55; convention, 176: rank
(1790), 311; (1800), 327; (1830-1860), 425;
rank (1900), 581.
Niagara, 124.

Nicholas, George, 410.
Nicholson, Francis, 42, 43.

Non-importation scheme, Jefferson's 334.
Non-intercourse act, 335, 336.

Norse, Sagas, 9.

North Dakota, 508, 565.

Northmen, 9.

North Bennington, 356.

North Carolina, provincial congress, 176;

Parkman, Francis, 365, 434, 585.

State

Parties, political, rise of, 290-296; organi-
zation, 295; attitude toward
Sovereignty, 405-416 (see under party
names, also Suffrage, Reconstruction,
National Conventions).

Patent Leather, 356.
Patent Office, 357. 429.

Patrons of Husbandry, 509, 510.
Patroons, The, 48, 49, 51.
Pavements, Wooden, 428.
Peace Convention, 441.
Peacock, frigate, 341.
Pelican, frigate, 341.
Pendleton, George H., 461.
Pemaquid, 68.

Pemberton, J. C., General, 451, 452.
Penn, William, 84-87.

Pennsylvania, 85-90; William Penn, 85-87;
Chester, 86; the Great Law, 86: Phila-
delphia, 86, 87; Benjamin Franklin, 87,

88 slavery and anti-slavery, 88; the
French and Indian War, 88; disputes
with the Penns, 88, 89; Mason and
Dixon's Line, 89, 90; University of
Pennsylvania, 90; convention, 176; rank
(1790), 311; (1800), 327; (1830, 1860), 425;
rank (1900), 581.

Pennsylvania Calendar, The, 153.
People's Party (1892), 511.
Pequots, The, 6, 72.

Perry, O. C., Commodore, 470.
Perry, Oliver H., Commodore, 341.
Perryville, 451, 452.

Personal Liberty Bills, 388, 394.
"Pet Banks," 372.
"Peter Parley," 359.

Peters, Phillis Wheatley, 315.

Philadelphia, 86, 138, 167, 207, 283; the fed-

eral capital, 293, 311, 313, 354, 356, 364,
386, 399, 427, 430, 497, 525.

Philip II, 30.

Philippines, 519, 522, 523.
Phillips, Wendell, 396.
Pickens, General, 217.
Pickens, F. W., 444.

Pierce, Franklin, 394; administration, 395-
399.

Pike, Zebulon, 331.

Pinckney, C. C., 283, 295, 310, 332, 336.
Pinckney, Thomas, 302.

Pilgrims, The, 58-62.

Pins, by machinery, 430.
Pinzon, The Brothers, 12, 15.

Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, 121-124;
opposes the Stamp Act. 132; 142.
Pittsburg, 115. 312, 354, 356, 357, 502.
Pittsburg, insurrection near, 296; popula-
tion in 1800, 354; 395; 514.

Pizarro, 18.

Prescott, W. H., 365, 434.
Presque Isle, 114, 124.

Price, Sterling, General 449, 451.
Prince of Parthia, the, 153.
Princeton, 149.

Printing press. cylinder, 429.
Proclamation line, 7.

623

Prohibition party (1872), convention, 476;
(1876), 479: (1880), 499; (1884), 502; (1888),
505; (1892), 511; (1896), 514; (1900), 525.
Providence, 430.

Ptolemy, 11; computes circumference of
the earth, II.

"Public Occurrences," first American
newspaper, 153.
Punishments, 364.

Puritans, the, in New England, 61-65; in
Maryland, 94, 96.

Putnam, Rufus, General, 253.

Q

Quakers, the, and the Dutch, 52; in New
England, 74-76; in New Jersey, 83-85; in
Maryland, 94, 96; the Carolinas, 98, 189.
Quebec, founded, 26; fort, 111, 118, 121; fall,
122-124; province of, 131; act, 137.
Queensware, 356.

Quincy, Josiah, 154, 339.

R

Railroads (1830), 354, 355, 362; (1830-1860),
430-432; (1860-1900). 584, 589; (Northern)
Pacific, advocated, 399, 403. 404; Pacific
begun, 590.

Raleigh, Sir Walter, efforts to colonize
Virginia, 31, 32.

Randolph, Edmund, 291, 295.
Reaping machine, 428, 429.
"Reconcentrados," 516.

Reconstruction (1865-1876), 467-481; (1876–
1880), 497-499: the States (1865-1900), 482-
496; the suffrage, 491-496; 542-554.
Redemptioners, 145.

Reed, Thomas B., 507.

Reid, Whitelaw, 510, 523.
Republicans (Democrats, 1792), 295; 296-
301; election (1796), 302-303; (1797-1801),
304-310. election (1804), 332; (1808), 336;
(1812), 340; (1816), 345; (1824), 350; (1884),
501.

Republican party, founded, 398; national
convention (1860), 399; national conven-
tions (1864), 460; Radical Republicans
(1864), 460; (1868),472: (1872), 477; (1876),
479; (1880), 499; (1888), 506; (1892), 510;
(1896), 514; (1900), 525.

Representation (1865-1900), 484, 491–496.
Resaca de la Palma, 382.

Resumption (1875), 478, 479, 498, 499.
Revere, Doctor, 357.

Revolver, the 428.

Rhode Island, 66, 67, 73, 74. 75; becomes a
state, 177: case of Trevett vs. Weeden,
262, 263; rank (1790), 311; (1800), 327; 496.
Rhodes, James F., 585.

Riban, Jean, 26.

Rice, East India, culture of, introduced, 98.
Richmond, 449, 462, 463, 465.

Ripon, Wis., 398.

Rivers, influence of in American history,
574-579.

Sail-cloth, 356.

Sacramento, 427.

Salem, 62, 66, 159, 356.
Salt, 324.

Salt Lake, 438.

Sampson, Admiral, 520.

San Francisco, 385. 427..502.
San Jacinto, 453.
San Juan Hill, 521.

Santa Anna, General, 382.
Santa Fe, 385.
Santiago, 522.

Savannah, 101, 216, 432.
Savannah, The, 432, 464.
Sawyer, William E., 584.
Scandinavians, 582.
Schenck, Robert C., 392.
Schley, W. S., Admiral, 520.

Schools in Colonial Times, 148, 149; in the
Northwest Territory, 254; system of free
begun. 313; (1800-1830), 360, 361, 423, 424;
(1830-1860), 433; North and South (1840),
439; comparative migration to, 555, 567.
Schuyler, General, 210.

Schofield, J. M., General, 464.
School Lands, 489.

Scioto Company, The, 253.

Scott, Winfield, 319; General, 342, 382, 384,
395.453.

Scranton, 427.

Screws, wooden, 430.

Seabury, Samuel, 154.

Secession (1811), 339; of South Carolina,
439, 440; Lincoln on, 444.

Sedition Act, 306-308.

Semmes, Raphael, Captain, 458.

Seneca Long-House, 3.

Separatists, The, 57, 58, 61.

Sergeant. John, 370.

Serapis, The, 215.

Seven Cities of Čibola, 23.

Sewall, Samuel, 153.

Seward, W. H., 365, 392, 393, 454,

Sewer-pipes, 356.

Sewing Machine, 429.

Sewing Silk, 357.

Seymour, Horatio. 472.

Shafter, General, 522.

Shakespeare, William, "The Tempest,"

based on William Strachey's "Reper-
tory, etc.," 152.
Shannon, frigate, 341.
Shay's Rebellion, 278.
Sheet-copper, 356.

Sigourney, Lydia H., 359.

Silk, culture of, 100, 101.

Silver (money), 478: demonetization, 497;
Sherman Act, 508; issue (1896), 515.

Silver Party (1896), 515.

Simms, William G., 359, 365, 434-
Sing Sing, 364.

Sinking Fund, 423.
Sioux, The, 3.
Sirius, The, 432.
Six Nations, 117.

Slavery, introduced into Virginia, 37: in
Georgia, 100, 101, 102; in Colonial Amer-
ica, 145, 149; in Northwest Territory,
254; in Southwest Territory, 254; fug-
itive slave law (1792), 294; extent
(1790), 311; effect of cotton gin on, 312;
(Texas), 379, 382; (California), 385, 386,
387; agitation (1848-1860), 388-404; and
State Sovereignty, 405-416; effect on in-
dustry, north and south (1840), 438, 439;
emancipation, 458-460.

Slaves, number (1790), 311.
Slater, Samuel, 323.

Slates, for schools, 356.

Sleeping-Cars, 432.

Slidell, John, 453.

Smith, Green C., 479.

Smith, Captain John, in Virginia, 34, 35;
explores New England, 56, 57; his True
Relation of Virginia" (1608), 152.
Smith, Joseph, 438.

Socialists, 525.

Social Democrats, 525.

Socialist Labor party (1896), 514; (1900),
525.

Socialization, growth of, in America, 598-
612.

Sons of Liberty, 129, 151.
Soto, Ferdinand de, 23, 24.

South Carolina, conventions, 175; rank
(1790), 311; (1800), 327; nullification, 370,
371; rank (1830), 425; secession of, 439,
440: declaration of causes and address
(1800), 442-444; convention (1895), 493:
convention (1868), 546, 547.
South Dakota, 508, 565.
Southgate, T. H., 514.

Sovereignty, state, 189, 369: development
of the idea (1776-1860), 405-416; residu-
ary, 412.

Spain, discovery of America, 12-19; con-
quest of America, 20-24: treatment of
Cuba, 516-519; at war with the United
States, 519-523.

Spanish American war, 516 523.

"Specie circular," 374.

Specie payments, act for, 478, 498, 499.
Speculation (1800-1830), 355, 368.

Spottsylvania, 462.

Stamp Act, 128-132, 141.

Standish, Miles, 59, 60.

Stanton, E. M.. 471.

Star of the West, the, 440, 445.

Stark, John, Colonel, 209.