UNITED STATES

to the republic at the peace of 1783, 1,171,931 sq. m. were added by the Louisiana purchase from France in 1803 (supplemented by the Oregon treaty with Great Britain in 1846), 59,268 sq. m. by the Spanish cession of 1819, and 967,451 sq. m. from Mexico, viz.: 376,133 sq.m. by the annexation of Texas in 1845, 545,783 sq. m. by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, and 45,535 sq. m. by the Gadsden purchase in 1853.-The republic is divided into 37 states, one federal district (District of Columbia, ceded by Maryland), nine organized territories, and two unorganized territoBy the ries (Alaska and Indian territory).

An

er states the date and order of admission into
The areas are taken
the Union, and for the territories the date and
order of organization.
from the report of the census of 1870. Many
of these, as well as the general figures given
above, are based mainly on approximative com-
putations. In a few instances slightly different
figures have been given in the articles on the
states and territories, those in PENNSYLVANIA
being the estimate of the state geologist. The
aggregate population in the second table in-
cludes tribal Indians, as estimated by the su-
perintendent of the census in 1870.

STATES.

Arkansas

Kansas
Kentucky..

Louisiana.
Maine
* Maryland

Missouri..

Mississippi..
Nebraska..

Nevada..

*New Hampshire... 1758 9

CAPITALS.

50,722 16 Montgomery.
52,198 15 Little Rock.
2 Sacramento.

55,410 12 Springfield.
33,809 28 Indianapolis.
55,045 18 Des Moines.

$1,318 6 Topeka,
37,680 25 Frankfort.

California.

1850 18

188,981

*Connecticut.

1788 5

4,750 35 Hartford.

Delaware.

1787 1

2,120 36 Dover.

Florida
*Georgia
Illinois..
Indiana.
Iowa

1845 14

59,268 9 Tallahassee.

1788 4

58,000 10 Atlanta.

1818 8

1816 6

1846 16

1861 21

1792 2

1812 5

1820 10

85,000 26 Augusta.

1788 7

11,124 30 Annapolis.

*Massachusetts.

1788 6

7,800 84 Boston.

Michigan
Minnesota

1837 13

56.451 11 Lansing.

1858 19

88,531 5 St. Paul.

1817 7

47.156 18 Jackson.

1821 11

1867 24

1864 23

65,350 8 Jefferson City. 75,995 7 Lincoln. 104,125 8 Carson City.

9,250 32 Concord,

8,320 33 Trenton.

*New York
*North Carolina
Ohio...

1788 11

47,000 19 Albany.

1789 12

50,704 17 Raleigh.

1802 4

89,964 28 Columbus.

1859 20

95,274 4 Salem.

1787 2

46,000 20 Harrisburg.

1790 18

1,306 37

Newport

and

Providence.

Columbia.

1796 3

45,600 21 Nashville.

1845 15

274,356 1 Austin.

Vermont..

1791 1

10,212 31 Montpelier.

1788 10

38,348 24 Richmond.

West Virginia..
Wisconsin.

1863 22

23,000 29 Wheeling.

1848 17

53,924 14 Madison.

Pennsylvania.
Rhode Island..

Oregon.

act of congress of March 3, 1875, Colorado is authorized to frame a constitution and to submit it to a vote of the people in July, 1876, when, in case of its adoption, the president is to issue a proclamation declaring the territory Alabama... A bill admitted into the Union as a state. for the admission of New Mexico as a state passed the senate March 10, 1876, and is (June 1) pending before the house of representatives. For convenience the states are generally classified by geographers as follows: eastern or New England states, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut; middle states, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware; southern states, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky; western states, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska; Pacific states, California, Oregon, Nevada. other classification is: Atlantic and Pacific states, those on the Atlantic and Pacific slopes respectively; gulf states, those bordering on the gulf of Mexico; southwestern states, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas; northwestern states, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska; central states, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee. slave states, those in which slavery existed at the outbreak of the civil war, numbered 15, viz.: Delaware, Maryland, Virginia (then including West Virginia), North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri; the others were known as the free states. Of the states, 13 existed at the formation of the constitution, and 24 have been admitted under its provisions. Of these one (Texas) was an independent republic, four were formed directly from other states (Kentucky from Virginia, Maine from Massachusetts, Vermont from territories claimed by New York and previously also by New Hampshire, and West Virginia from Virginia), and the rest were created from the public domain. Alaska.. The following tables contain a list of the states and territories, with various particulars. The second and third columns of the first give for the original states the date and order of ratification of the federal constitution, for the oth

The

*South Carolina..
Tennessee
Texas

* Virginia..

Total states.

TERRITORIES.

Colorado..

Arizona..
Dakota

1861 6
Dist. of Columbia...† 1801 1
1863 8
Idaho..
Indian Territory
Montana..
New Mexico..
Utah.

Washington..
Wyoming..

64 11 Washington. 86,294 7 Boisé City. 68.991 10

1864 9

145,776 2 Helena.

1850 8

121,201 8 Santa Fé.

1850 2

84.476 8 Salt Lake City.

1853 4

69,994 9 Olympia.

1868 10,

97,883 6 Cheyenne.

Total territories...
Total U. S., exclu-
sive of Alaska...

Total United States"

The thirteen original states.

+ Date when congress assumed exclusive jurisdiction. Date of cession by Russia.

Wisconsin, 1,236,729. According to the census of 1870, there were 52 cities with more than 25,000 inhabitants each, of which 8 had upward of 200,000, 6 from 100,000 to 200,000, 11 from 50,000 to 100,000, and 27 from 25,000 to 50,000. Besides these there are 9 cities which, according to the state censuses named above, contained upward of 25,000 inhabitants each in 1874 or 1875. The table on the next page contains a list of these 61 cities with their pop104,-ulation as returned by the United States census in 1870, and the population in 1874 or 1875 of such as are contained in the state censuses.

A state census was taken in Michigan in 1874,
and censuses were taken by 14 states in 1875.
The population according to these enumera-
tions, except in Florida, from which the re-
turns have not (June 1, 1876) been received,
was as follows: Iowa, 1,350,544; Kansas, 528,-
437; Louisiana, 857,039 (404,916 white and
452,123 colored); Massachusetts, 1,651,652;
Michigan, 1,334,031; Minnesota, 597,407; Ne-
braska, 246,280, Nevada, 52,540; New Jersey,
1,019,413; New York, 4,705,208; Oregon,
920; Rhode Island, 258,239; South Carolina,
925,145 (350,754 white and 574,301 colored);