Captain Robert P. Cummins; the "Middlesex Rangers," Company B, of Mercer county, Captain Thomas McConnell; the "Venango Greys," company C, of Venango county, Captain Christopher M. Over; the "Jefferson Light Guards," company D, of Washington county, Captain Charles W. McDaniel; the "Clarion River Guards," company E., of Clarion county, Captain James B. Knox; the "Curtain Rifles," company F, of Beaver county, Captain Milo R. Adams; the "Mercer Rifles," company G, of Mercer county, Captain Adoniram J. Warner; the Warren Guards, company II, of Warren county, Captain Henry V. Partridge; the "Allegheny College Volunteers," company I, of Crawford county, Captain Ira Ayer, Jr.," and the "Wilson Rifles," company K, of Beaver county, Captain Samuel Miller.

John S. McCalmont, Esq., of Venango county, was elected colonel of the regiment; James T. Kirk, lieutenant-colonel, and Harrison Allen, major. Siam B. Smith was appointed adjutant; Cyrus Elder, quartermaster; Benjamin Rohrer, surgeon; David McKinney, Jr., assistant surgeon, and Reverend J. L. Greene, chaplain.

John S. McCalmont was born at Franklin, Venango county, Pennsylvania. He is one of three sons of the late Alexander McCalmont, born on the 28th of April, 1822. The oldest, William, now deceased, was a soldier in the regular army, and the youngest, Alfred B., is now colonel of the 142d Pennsylvania volunteers

Alexander McCalmont, the father of these soldiers, was an early settler in western Pennsylvania, and rose by his own industry and probity to a position of honor and influ ence in the community. He was during ten years, president judge of the Eighteenth Judicial District, having been appointed to that position by Governor David R. Porter.

John S. McCalmont was, at the age of sixteen, appointed a cadet to the military academy in 1838; and graduated in the class of 1842. At the time of his graduation, he was appointed brevet second lieutenant in the Third infantry,

head-quarters at Tallahassee, Florida, and subsequently second lieutenant in the Eighth infantry, then commanded by Colonel Worth, headquarters, Pilatka, Florida.

In July, 1843, at the close of the Florida war, he resigned his commission and commenced the study of law. He was admitted to practice and soon after was appointed deputy attorney-general for Clarion, Elk, and McKean counties, and took up his residence at Clarion. In 1848, he was elected to the legislature, and again in 1849, and was elected speaker of the House of Representatives for the session of 1850. In May, 1853, he was appointed president judge for the Eighteenth Judicial District. At the election in 1853, he was elected by the people president judge of the same district, for ten years from December, 1853.

The arduous labors of his professional duties had seriously impaired his health; that, however, did not stand in the way of his patriotic devotion to his country; he resigned his seat on the bench, and accepted the colonelcy of the Tenth regiment of the Reserve Corps.

This regiment was ordered, early in July, to Cumberland, to reinforce Colonel Biddle's brigade; but when it arrived at Hopewell, the orders were countermanded and the regiment ordered to report at Harrisburg, where it was mustered into the United States service, on the 21st day of July, 1861.

The Eleventh regiment was organized in Camp Wright, on the 1st day of July, by the following companies: The "Cambria Guards," company A, of Cambria county, Captain Robert Litzinger; the "Indiana National Guards," company B, of Indiana county, Captain Daniel S. Porter; the "Dixon Guards," company C, of Butler county, Captain Samuel Louden; the "Conongessing Rangers," company D, of Butler county, Captain William Stewart; the "Washington Blues," company E, of Indiana county, Captain Nathaniel Nesbit; the "Union Volunteers," company F, of Fayette county, Captain Edward Bierer; the "Independent Blues," company G, of Armstrong county, Captain James P. Speer; the "Westmoreland Blues," company B, of Westmoreland

county, Captain Daniel Kistler; the "Washington Blues," company, I, of Westmoreland county, Captain Thomas H. Spires, and the "Brady Guards," company K, of Jefferson county, Captain Evans R. Brady.

T. F. Gallagher, was elected colonel; James R. Porter, lieutenant-colonel, and S. M. Jackson, major of the regiment. Peter A. Johns, was appointed adjutant; H. A. Torrence, quarter-master; James S. De Bonneville, surgeon; D. W. Ballentine, assistant-surgeon, and Rev. William T. Dickson, chaplain.

Thomas F. Gallagher, was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, on the 17th of January, 1822; he received a liberal education, and, when the rebellion broke out in 1861, was a merchant in New Alexandria, a village in his native county. For many years he had taken an active interest in military organizations in Westmoreland county, and had, by experience, acquired a knowledge of company and regimental drills and manoeuvres. When the Eleventh regiment was organized, he was elected to the colonelcy and invited to take command of the regiment. Colonel Gallagher accepted the position and served with distinction, until the 12th of December, 1862, when he was compelled to resign, on account of a severe wound received at the battle of South Mountain.

The Twelfth regiment which was the last of the infantry regiments in the corps, was organized in Camp Curtin, on the 25th of July. The companies in the Twelfth, were collected from all parts of the State. They were the "Wayne Guards," company A, of Philadelphia, commanded by Captain John H. Taggart; the "Factoryville Infantry," company B, of Wyoming county, Captain David N. Matthewson; the "Troy Guards," company C, of Bradford county, Captain Richard Curtis; the "Kepner Fencibles," company D, of Dauphin county, Captain Samuel B. Wilt; the "Easton Guards," company E, of Northampton county, Captain Peter Baldy; the "West Newton Guards," company F, of Westmoreland county, Captain Andrew G. Oliver; the "Bailey's Invincibles," Company G, of York county, Captain Samuel

N. Bailey; the "Indiana County Infantry," company H, of Indiana county, Captain Andrew J. Bolar: the "Huntingdon Guards," company I, of Huntingdon county, Captain James C. Baker, and the "McClure Rifles," company K, of Franklin county, Captain John S. Eyster.

These companies elected Captain John H. Taggart, of Philadelphia, colonel; Captain Samuel N. Baily, of York county, lieutenant-colonel, and Captain Peter Baldy of Northampton county, major of the regiment. Theodore McMurtrie, was appointed adjutant; James T. Woodall, quartermaster; W. H. Thorne, surgeon; Isaac J. Clark, assistant surgeon, and Rev. A. J. Bolar, chaplain.

John H. Taggart, was born in Georgetown, Kent county, Maryland, on the 22d of January, 1821. After the death of his father, in 1830, he went to Philadelphia, where he resided up to the breaking out of the rebellion in 1861. He was a printer by profession, and one of the proprietors of the Philadelphia Sunday Mercury. He had a taste for military exercises, and, was for many years connected with the "Washington Blues," of Philadelphia. After the attack on Fort Sumter, he raised a company in Philadelphia, called the "Wayne Guards," for the three months service, and subsequently tendered the services of the company to Governor Curtin, to form part of the Reserve Corps. Captain Taggart marched his company to Harrisburg, on the 7th June, and remained in Camp Curtin until the 25th of July, the day on which the Twelfth regiment was organized, when he was elected colonel, and placed in command of the regiment.

The Rifle regiment, which was the second regiment organized for the corps, was numbered the "Thirteenth regiment of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps." In an official order issued by General McCall, at the request of the men composing it, the regiment was named the "Kane Rifles." "The Bucktails," however, was the popular name of this historic organization; an, appellation taken from the badge, the tail of a deer, worn on their caps by both officers and privates;

and whenever in the skirmish line of the opening battle this badge was seen, fear seized the hearts of the trembling foe, for in it he recognized the advance guard of a corps of troops, celebrated in both armies for the irresistible power of their battle charges.

On the 16th of July, General McDowell advanced from the banks of the Potomac towards Manassas, with an army of thirty thousand five hundred men. The troops, though principally volunteers, recently from their peaceful labors in the North, were eager for active service, and commenced the advance with alacrity and joy. At noon on the 17th, the advance division of the Union army entered Fairfax unopposed, and found in the enemy's camps much valuable property, which, in the haste and fear of the flight, the rebels had abandoned. With the march of this army moved the heart of the nation, filled with hopeful joy. On the 18th, General Tyler reconnoitered the enemy's position and ascertained the location of his batteries. Two daysfatal delay—were spent in examining the country and posting the troops. On Sunday, the 21st, the terrible battle was fought. Never was a field more fiercely contested. Every regiment fought heroically, and merited its country's gratitude. From early in the morning until two o'clock in the afternoon, the battle raged with unabated fury. Up to that hour, the advantages were on the side of the Union troops, who had assailed, one after another, the strong positions of the enemy on the bank of Bull Run, and carried them by storm. Three o'clock came, and victory seemed certain to the National army. But, as at the battle of Waterloo, Blucher came and Grouchy came not, so in this hour of National peril, General Johnston, with thirty thous and fresh troops, came to the aid of Beauregard, but Patterson came not with his thirty thousand loyal troops to the rescue of McDowell's army. The day was lost. Beaten by overwhelming numbers, McDowell's army was hurled back into the entrenchments in front of Washington. The safety of the Capital was threatened and the