a crisis, and one by keeping back may keep others back. There comes to be a time when rashness becomes the rule and caution the exception. I look upon the church as a military company, an army of conquest, not of occupation.' He expressed a wish to present these thoughts in a different way, but was unable to do it then. He then offered his last audible prayer, of which the petitions were mainly for Christ's kingdom.

The evening before his death, on being informed of his critical state, he said: "The Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken way; blessed be the name of the Lord." To the question, "Would you not like to get well and go back to Syria?" he replied, "Yes, if it is the Lord's will; his will is best. The Lord is jealous for his work, and he will take care of it. When his wife asked what she could do without him, he said, "The Lord is better to you than ten thousand husbands. The Lord is your Shepherd-you shall not want.' "What will our children do without their father?" "When my father and my mother forsake me, then the Lord will take me up." He was frequent and earnest in his ascriptions of praise to God and expressions of entire peace in Christ, till his life ebbed out so quietly that those watching hardly knew when he ceased to breathe.

Thus in the prime of life, forty years old, our brother laid aside his armor for the crown at the Master's call. He leaves to mourn his departure a a widow and five children, a lonely band of missionary laborers and a bereft mission-field in Syria. To these may the whole Christian Church, bereft of such a laborer, well join herself as mourner.

Our departed brother possessed some peculiar qualifications as a missionary. He was eminently a spiritual man. He lived and walked with God. Religion was the great concern with him. In a land where formality and indifference reign, it requires no small degree of effort to keep alive the flame of Christian zeal, but he did it, and that by constant and close communion with God. He was a diligent student of the Bible, and spent much time in prayer. Three times a day he withdrew to hold communion. How intimate that communion was the uncommon fervency and freedom of his public prayers well testified. He was to a remarkable degree unselfish. He never seemed to think or plan for himself. His choice, his pleasure never weighed a feather in determining his course of action. His consecration of himself to God's service and the salvation of men was so entire that no other motives appeared to influence him. The friendship of such a man was exceedingly valuable, his sympathy with others was unbounded. He took so full an interest in others that no one felt a reluctance to ask of him a favor. To grant it seemed to him a pleasure. From his college days till the close of his life he drew all hearts after him in love. He never shrank from any service, no matter how much self-denial it involved. He was ready to live anywhere, with the fewest of comforts, in order to do good. He never thought to mention the sacrifices he made, or seemed to know that he was making them. He was dead to self. Witness how he spent his last days of activity, going as a colporteur with religious books from house to house in Geneseo, aiming to visit and talk with every family.

As a laborious man he had few equals. He was counted the strong man of the mission, hardly knowing the meaning of fatigue, accustomed in time of need to carry the burdens of others above his own. He never spared himself, and his only act of injustice was that he constantly overworked and oppressed the human in his nature. He performed a great variety of labors besides those of preaching. Both in Aleppo and in Beirut he performed much secular labor for the missionaries in other stations. He wrote a book in Arabic on "Fasting and Prayer." He instructed a class of young men

in theology during the last summer of his stay in Syria. He superintended the erection of three native churches in Sidon, in Cama, in Khiyam, toiling often with his hands like a day laborer. He often ministered to the bodily as well as the spiritual wants of the people, settling their quarrels, standing between them and persecution, aiding them in securing justice from their

oppressors.

His talents were practical and useful. He had obtained a good knowledge of that most difficult language, the Arabic, so that his use of it was acceptable to all classes of people. When in Aleppo a door of usefulness was opened among those speaking the Turkish language, and he acquired that also, so that he was able to preach in that tongue. He had command also of the French language, and often found occasions for its use. He filled any sphere in which he was called to labor, as if that was the one to which he was specially adapted. He was an able and ready preacher, a wise counselor, a sympathizing friend. He loved his work, was never weary of it; his patience was never exhausted with its many trials. He was very reluctant to admit the necessity of a return to the United States, and when there wrote that it would be the happiest day of his life when he set his face toward Syria.

Grave

GRAVES, FREDERICK W.-The son of Rufus Graves, was born at Leverett, Mass., March 9, 1806.* He enjoyed the advantages of a high degree of culture, and was blessed with a Christian home. He made a profession of religion in his fourteenth year, and soon after entered Amherst College, Amherst, Mass. His father was one of the founders of the college, for whom the "Graves Professorship" was named. Young Graves graduated in 1825, a member of the first class sent out from that institution.

After leaving college he spent about eighteen months teaching, and in the autumn of 1829 he entered the Theological Seminary, Auburn, N. Y., then enjoying the instructions of Rev. Dr. Richards as professor of Christian Theology. He was licensed by Geneva Presbytery, and in 1834 preached for the First Free Church, Lockport, N. Y., and in 1835 he removed to Alton, Ill., where he was ordained and installed by Illinois Presbytery as pastor of the church in Alton, Ill. This was his first pastorate, and they were eventful years. It was during his ministry here that in 1837 Rev. Elijah P. Lovejoy, a Presbyterian minister, was murdered by a mob, acting in the interests of slavery. Mr. Graves was present on that memorable occasion to add his influence in favor of a free press at the peril of his life. No year of his pastorate in Alton passed without the enjoyment by the church of a revival of religion, and many were added to the company of believers. Owing to the terrible state of things in that region following the martyrdom of Lovejoy, Mr. Graves regarded it to be his duty to leave Alton the following year, and he returned to the East. Since that time he has been largely engaged in evangelistic labors in different parts of the land. His exceeding great anxiety to see immediate and marked results of his

* This memoir was prepared by Rev. WILLIAM A. NILES, of Corning, N. Y.

labors in the salvation of souls made him unwilling to serve particular churches long after conversions ceased. Thus often did he resist the earnest invitations of churches to remain with them, because it seemed to him that if souls were not being daily converted under his ministry, it was an indication of Providence that he should go elsewhere. This in his later life he regarded as having been a mistaken view of duty.

Very many churches and ministers have been greatly his debtor for most valuable assistance rendered them in promoting revivals of religion. Thus he labored for some nine weeks daily, in the Fourth Presbyterian Church of Albany, N. Y., and was instrumental in leading large numbers to Christ. He has labored for a longer or shorter period in Penn Yan, Buffalo, Elmira, N. Y., Corning, N. Y., Chicago, Ill., and Philadelphia, Pa. For a year he was engaged in the temperance reform, and lectured efficiently all over the State of New York. He was also at one time connected with the Bethel work in Buffalo, N. Y.; also labored with great profit at different times during the war in hospitals, and as a Delegate of the Christian Commission he was permitted during the war to win many of the soldiers to Jesus at Camp Convalescent, near Washington, D. C.

Our brother was a minister of marked characteristics. He was an earnest minister of Jesus. As a preacher he was very direct, aiming at the heart and conscience, but he always held up Jesus with distinctness and prominently. He followed up his public preaching by private personal effort. He was pre-eminently a man of prayer. He habitually spent from six to eight hours out of the twenty-four in secret prayer, and his prayers were often, very often, such as makes it proper to designate them as agonizing wrestlings with God. He had a long list of names of persons in different parts of the land for whom he prayed daily, and he had the pleasure of knowing that large numbers of such persons were hopefully converted to Christ. Instances of great interest might be given if it were best. Those persons whose names remain on that list have occasion deeply to mourn his loss. The Church has lost a power in the loss of his prayers-the world is poorer for his death.

About fifteen years since he seemed to himself to have entered upon a new and higher Christian experience, and the anniversary of the day of this "second conversion," as he called it, he has ever since observed as a day of special thanksgiving to God.

With such a life of prayer and effort and faith, we might anticipate that he would be eminently successful in winning souls to Christ. And it is believed to be not too much to say that as many as two thousand immortal souls have through his agency been hopefully introduced into the light and liberty of the sons of God during his ministry. This statement is believed to be the more accurate because he kept so careful a list of persons for whom he labored and prayed.

His health became greatly impaired, and he died at Canandaigua, N. Y., Dec. 8, 1864, of consumption. He was buried at Corning, N. Y. In 1834 he married Miss Susan Hayt, daughter of the late Dr. John C. Hayt, of Corning, N. Y., who, with his sons and his daughters, survives. One of his sons was an officer in General Sherman's army in his "march to the sea" through Georgia.

GRIEVE, DAVID GRAEME-The son of Wm. and Katrine (Graeme) Grieve, was born at Linwood, near Glasgow, Scotland, Sept. 14, 1837. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, but did not graduate. He came to the United States, and studied theology in the Union Thelogical

Seminary, New York City, and was licensed by New York Fourth Presbytery April 9, 1866, and was ordained by the same Presbytery May 11, 1866, as an evangelist. He was well known as an earnest worker for the truth, preaching frequently in New York and elsewhere. Soon after his ordination he removed to Brownsville, Texas, where he died, Dec. 3, 1866, of congestion of the brain.

He married Miss Martha Lucy Kinkead, who, with three children, survives him.

HOWARD CROSBY, D.D., of New York City, writes: "He was a self-denying, patient worker for Christ. His wife, who is a member of my church, is one of our most devoted city missionaries.'

GROSVENOR, DAVID ADAMS-The son of Rev. Nathan and Lydia (Adams) Grosvenor, was born in Craftsbury, Vt., July 10, 1802. They were from Windham county, Conn., and trained their family in the old Puritan way, which has left such an impression for good upon those blessed with its heavenly influences. His father died before he was twelve years old, leaving his mother with six children to train and educate, with very limited means a praying, godly mother in Israel, whom he greatly revered, loved and cherished. Under these parental influences he became at the age of fourteen the subject of divine grace, and at sixteen commenced his studies for the ministry in Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., under the eminent guidance of its principal, John Adams. He entered Yale College, New Haven, Conn., in 1821; but owing to a temporary failure of his eyes he did not graduate until 1826. His standing in college, as a scholar and as a Christian. was highly commendable. After graduating he spent one year in the family of the late Judge Hall, of Ellington, Conn., as principal of his High School. He studied theology in the Yale Theological Seminary under Dr. Taylor. He was licensed by the Litchfield South Congregational Association. In 1829 he supplied for nine months the pulpit of the church in Pomfret, Conn., the place of his father's nativity. He afterward labored for several months in a revival of great interest and power in Wallingford, Conn. In August, 1831, he commenced his ministry in Uxbridge, Mass., and was ordained and installed by Worcester South Congregational Council in June, 1832, over the First Evangelical Society of that place, as colleague pastor to the Rev. Samuel Judson. A member of this, his first charge, gives the following testimony: "He was a faithful servant of the Lord, and through the grace given to him was uncommonly successful in his labors. He was never an idler in his Master's vineyard, but every day found him an earnest laborer." His connection with the church in Uxbridge was dissolved in the summer of 1842. Accepting an invitation from the First Presbyterian Church of Elyria, Lorain county, Ohio, he removed thither and commenced his ministry there in October of the same year, and was installed in February, 1843, by Elyria Presbytery. His ministry in Elyria continued for about ten years, and was terminated by a season of illness, which rendered him unable to preach for one year. In the autumn of 1853 he took charge of the First Congregational Church Medina, Ohio, where he continued for about nine years. In both these fields his labors were successful in the conversion of souls, the edification of the Church and the establishment of the truth.

After his pastoral work in Medina ceased, he prosecuted an agency for many months in aid of Lake Erie Female Seminary, Painesville, Ohio, of which he had been from its commencement an active trustee, and greatly assisted in securing its endowment. Few ministers have done more to promote the cause of education than he. In each of the three places of his permanent ministry he originated and sustained female seminaries of a high order. In the assemblies of his ministerial brethren he warmly advocated every practicable measure for the promotion of Christianity. He engaged in the discussions connected with the science of theology with great zest and ability. By his death the loyal government of the country has lost a firm defender and the colored race an able advocate. His sermon on the Black Laws of Ohio contributed not a little to remove the disabilities created by unrighteous legislation.

For some time past he had ceased to entertain the idea of settling again as a pastor. Most of the time for more than a year he had spent in Cincinnati, Ohio, prosecuting the business of life insurance, in connection with his brother, M. Grosvenor, Esq., agent of the Etna Life Insurance Company, but preaching to destitute churches as occasion offered, which was a considerable portion of the time.

He died in Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 11, 1866, of cholera. The attack of the fatal epidemic so suddenly prostrated his strength that he was able to converse very little after his physician arrived, but enough to express his unwavering confidence in his Saviour and entire resignation to his will. He soon sank into a quiet stupor, in which, without apparent suffering, he died in little more than twenty-four hours.

He married Miss Sarah Whitney, of Princeton, Mass, who is now living at Uxbridge, Mass. They had one child, which died in infancy.

Rev. ANSEL R. CLARK, of Huntington, Ohio, writes as follows: "Brother Grosvenor was a brother much beloved: he was warm and sincere in his attachments, and always gained the confidence and esteem of his co-presbyters. He was ever ready to engage in efforts which promised the conversion of sinners and the promotion of the kingdom of Christ, whom he so much loved. He was kind and affable, and in all the relations he sustained was easy and at home. He was a valuable member of ecclesiastical bodies. Though educated under the influence of the Congregational form of government, and for many years in the first part of his ministerial life was connected with the Congregational denomination, yet in connection with the Presbyterian he became warmly attached to its policy, believing it to be better adapted to secure the great ends of Church government than any other which has hitherto been adopted. In his death the Presbyterian Church has lost a warm and valuable friend and advocate, and the world a useful minister.

HICKS, MARCUS-Was born in Burke, Vt., in 1814. His youth was spent in Western New York, where he was prepared for college by Rev. Pratt, of Geneva, N. Y. He removed to the West and entered Illinois College, Jacksonville. Ill., where he graduated in 1840. In the autumn of the same year he commenced the study of theology in Lane Seminary, at Walnut Hills, Ohio, whence he graduated in 1843. He was licensed by Cincinnati Presbytery, and began the ministry as pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, Chicago, Ill., having been ordained by Ottawa Presbytery; the next two years as agent of home missions in Northern Illinois.

He subsequently settled in Elgin, Ill., where he remained a year and a half, when his health failed, and he returned to Cincinnati, Ohio, his pulpit being