chief open space in Bologna, and is ornamented with fine buildings and a fontana publica, by Lauretti, with a bronze Neptune in his car, and four syrens, cast by G. da Bologna (1564). The water comes from the breasts of the syrens. On the west side is the Palazzo Pubblico, or del Governo, late the seat of the Cardinal Legate; a large pile, begun 1290, having a Madonna in gilt terra cotta, by N. della Arca, on the front, and Mingante's bronze statue of S. Petronio, originally designed for Gregory XIII., but altered in 1796 to save it from the French Republicans. Inside are a grand staircase by Bramante; a statue of Alexander VII., in the Farnese Room; A. Lombardo's statue of Hercules, in the Hercules Gallery; and frescoes by Cignani, &c., in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Palazzo del Podestà, facing this, was begun 1204, and the front added 1485. On the Torre dell Aringo, built 1264, are A. Lombardo's statues of the Four Patron Saints of Bologna. In the Sala del Rè Enzio (so called from Hentzius, son of the Emperor Frederick II., who died a prisoner here), a Conclave was held in 1410 for the election of Pope John XXII. Here the public archives are kept. The Portico de' Banchi, going round two sides of the Piazza, was built by Vignola, in 1562. CHURCHES-The churches are shut from 12 to 3. The most noticeable are the following: *Cathedral, or Duomo of SS. Pietro e Paolo, north of the Piazza Maggiore. Rebuilt 1605, by Fra Ambrozio, with three aisles, in the Corinthian style; the façade, by A. Torrigiano, in the last century, having a triangular top. 3rd chapel on right-E. Graziani's St. Peter and Bishop Apollinarius. Below the choir is an old crypt. Chapter House-L. Carracci's St. Peter and the Virgin bewailing a Dead Christ; and an Annunciation, his last work in fresco. The Palazzo Arcovescovile, or Archbishop's Palace, lately restored, was built by Tibaldi, 1577, and has a gallery of Bologna artists. *S. Petronio, on the south side of Piazza Maggiore, an unfinished basilica, and the largest church in Bologna, dedicated to its patron saint, for whom there was a church here as early as 423. The present one, begun 1390, by A. Vincenzi, in obedience to a decree of the Council of the Republic, was to have been 700 feet long, and 520 wide, and to contain fifty-four chapels; but the design was interrupted, and in its present incomplete state it is 385 feet long and 200 wide (making it only one-fifth of the intended size), with five aisles, in the Italian-Gothic style. The three fine entrance doors are ornamented with carvings of Bible subjects, with heads of prophets and sibyls. Over the middle door by Della Quercia (1425), was M. Angelo's bronze statue of Julius I1., which in 1511 was melted down for a cannon called the Julian. The other doors are by M. Tribolo and Properzia de' Rossi, a female artist. Inside are bas-reliefs of Adam and Eve, and the Annunciation, by the Lombardi. Charles V. was crowned in this church, 1530, by Clement VII. The middle vault is 145 feet high. 2nd chapel on right-A Madonna and Saints, by L. da Perugia and F. Imola. 4th-Crucifix, restored by F. Francia. 9th-Sansovino's statue of St. Anthony of Padua; wall paintings, by G. da Treviso; and paintings on glass, designed by M. Angelo. 11th-Tribolo's Assumption; the Angels, by Properzia di Rossi; G. Campagna's statues of St. Francis and St. Anthony. End of choir-Franceschini's large fresco. 16th-Parmigiano's St. Roch; and the Meridian Line, traced by Cassini, 1655, the gnomon which throws the shadow being 80 feet high. 17th-L. Costa's Annunciation. In the room called the Reverenda Fabbrica are the plans and models of the church, by various architects, and a bas-relief of Joseph and Potiphar's Wife, by Properzia de' Rossi, in which the lady has introduced portraits of herself and her lover. (1313), in Piazza S. Domenico, which contains a *S. Domenico, south of S. Petronio, is Gothic colonnade and the two old tombs of R. Passeggieri, and the Foscherari family, of the thirteenth century. The church attached to the Dominican Convent was rebuilt in the last century, on the site of a more ancient one, and contains the splendid *Tomb of St. Dominic, the founder of the order, and of the Inquisition, in the 5th chapel on the right, worthy of notice for its sculpture, marbles, and paintings. The bas-reliefs on the white marble tomb, of events in the Saint's life, are by Niccold da Pisa, 1231; figures of Saints, by Niccolò dell' Arca, 1469; two Kneeling Angels, by M. Angelo; and some later bas-reliefs are the work of A. Lombardi, 1532. The fresco of *St. Dominic in Paradise, is by Guido; St. Dominic Burning Heretical Books, by L. Spada; the Restored Child, by Tiarini. 10thGuercino's St. Thomas Aquinas Writing on the Eucharist. The marquetrie work in the choir stalls is by two Dominican monks. At the high altaris B. Cesi's Adoration of the Magi. 13th chapel -Tomb of King Enzius, or Hentzius, of the thirteenth century, who died here after twenty-two years' captivity. A line of his epitaph refers to the dog in the city arms: "Sic cane non magno sæpe tenetur aper." 14th chapel-G. Francia's St. Michael; and the tomb of T. Pepoli, a magistrate of the old republic. 15th chapel-A portrait of S. Thomas Aquinas, by Simon da Bologna. 19th, or Rosary Chapel-L. Carracci's SS. Mary and Elizabeth; Guido's Assumption. There are Tablets to Guido and his pupil, Elizabeth Sivani, who was poisoned, and is buried with him in this church. 22nd chapel-L. Carracci's S. Raymond Crossing the Sea on his Mantle. Sacristy and Cloister-L. Spada's S. Jerome; with some old inscriptions, and the Magnani library, of 83,000 volumes. The Tribunal of the terrible Sant' Uffizio, or Holy Office of the Inquisition, was seated here. S. Bartolommeo di Porta Ravegana, near the Asinelli Tower, re-built 1653; but the handsome portico by Marchesi (1530), belonged to a former church. 2nd chapel-L. Carracci's S. Carlo at the tomb of Varallo. 4th--Albano's Annunciation. 7th-Martyrdom of S. Bartholomew, by Franceschini. 12th-Tiarini's S. Anthony of Padua. S. Bartolommeo di Reno, built 1733. Agostino Carracci's Nativity; L. Carracci's Circumcision. S. Benedetto, near the Montagnola, in the north of the town, built, 1606. Tiarini's Virgin and Magdalene, weeping over the death of Christ. S. Cecilia, a small chnrch, restored 1874, in Via S. Donato; built 1481, and remarkable for the nine frescoes of the Life of St. Cecilia, by F. Francia and his pupils, L. Costa, G. Francia, Chiodarolo, &c. Corpus Domini, or Santa Catarina, styled La Santa. Franceschini's frescoes, in the cupola: and his Lord's Supper, at the high altar. In one of the chapels, Christ Appearing to the Virgin and another by L. Carracci. S. Cristina, near Porta Maggiore. L. Carracci's Ascension, at the high altar; G. Francia's Nativity and the Magi. S. Francesco, a large church, formerly used as the Custom House, or Dogana. It has an old campanile, and its fine marble altar was the work of Venetian sculptors, in 1388. *S. Giacomo Maggiore, near the Asinelli Tower, and the Liceo Filarmonica; begun 1267, with a fine vaulted ceiling, added 1497. It contains thirtyfive chapels. 1st chapel-Francia's Madonna della Cintura, a small fresco. 10th-L. Carracci's St. Roch. 12th-Frescoes by P. Tibaldi, who was the architect of the chapel. 18th, or Bentivoglio Chapel-Francia's fine Madonna Enthroned; basreliefs by N. dell'Arca and F. Francia, those by the latter relating to Pope John II. 20th-E. Procaccini's Sigismund, King of Poland. 21st-Cesi's Virgin and Saints. S. Giovanni in Monte, near the Piazza Maggiore, rebuilt 1221 in the Gothic style, and again 1824, on the site of one founded by S. Petronio as far back as 453. In one of the chapels is Guercino's St. Francis. S. Giuseppe has some paintings of the fourteenth century, and is near the Ospedale de Settuagenari, or Hospital for old people. S. Gregorio, in Strada Poggiale. Here are Annibale Carracci's Baptism of Christ-one of his earliest oil paintings. D. Calvaert's St. Gregory, at the high altar. Albano, the painter, is buried here. S. Leonardo, near the Porta S. Vitale, belongs to the Orphan Asylum. L. Carracci's St. Catherine in prison, and his Martyrdom of S. Ursula; A. Tiarini's Annunciation. S. Lucia, the Barnabite's Church, in Strada Castiglione. Paintings by E. Procaccini, Cignani, Calvaert, &c.; and a library. Madonna del Baraccano, near the Porta Stefano. Over the door is a Virgin, by A. Lombardo. The chapel of the high altar, by Properzia de' Rossi. Madonna di S. Colombano. Frescoes by the pupils of L. Carracci, and by Albano. Madonna di Galleria, near the Duomo ; built 1689. 3rd chapel-Franceschini's Madonna. 4thTeresa Muratori's Unbelief of St. Thomas. 6thAlbano's Infant Saviour viewing the Cross. 7th -Guercino's St. Philip Neri. Santa Maria Maggiore. Bas-relief of the Death of the Virgin, by A. Lombardo. Inscription to Bonaparte Ghislieri. S. Martino, built 1217 and restored 1836. Perugino's Assumption; L. Carracci's St. Jerome; F. Francia's Madonna and Saints. Santa Maria della Purificazione, or the Mascarella Church, built 1706. Here is the cell of St. Dominic, with the Image of the Virgin, which is said to have spoken to him. S. Mattia, now disused. Here is Guido's Virgin appearing to S. Hyacinth; also I. da Imola's Madonna Enthroned. S. Niccolò di S. Felice. An. Carracci's Crucifixion. S. Paolo, near Piazza Maggiore, built 1611, and restored 1819. On the front are Mirandola's St. Peter and St. Paul. 2nd chapel-L. Carracci's Paradise. 3rd - Cavedone's Nativity, and the frescoes in the ceiling. 4th-Guercino's Souls in Purgatory. S. Procolo is attached to an old Benedictine Hospital. Convent and Ospedale degli Espositi, or Foundling S. Salvatore, west of Piazza Maggiore. Garofalo's St. John the Baptist kneeling to Zachariah. Guercino is buried in this church. Ai Servi, or Santa Maria dei Servi, in Strada Maggiore, built 1383, with a marble portico, by Fra A. Manfredi, General of the Order; adorned with frescoes, by Tiarini, at the age of ninety. 22nd chapel-F. da Imola's Annunciation. 24thBibiena's St. Andrea. 26th-Albano's Noli me tangere. *S. Stefano, in Via di S. Stefano, is formed by a union of Seven small churches or chapels, one of which, S. Sepolcro, a bapistery at the centre, is a model of the Holy Sepulchre. It is of the eleventh century, and is annexed to an Atrio di Pilato, or Pilate's Court, supposed to be the site of a Temple of Isis. Each chapel has a particular name; and the whole form a curious group, joined by corridors and passages. 1st chapel-Del Crocifisso; has wall paintings of the Crucifixion. 2nd -Chapel of S. Giuliana de' Banzi. 3rd-S. Sepolcro, circular, or rather an irregular octagon, about sixty feet diameter, having in the middle a small circle of pillars, some single, some coupled, supporting a dome. From this there is a way to several subsidiary chapels. 4th-SS. Pietro e Paolo, said to have been a cathedral formerly. 5th-I Confessi, a crypt or confessional. Santa Trinità. 7th-Madonna della Consolazione. SS. Vitale e Agricola, an old church in Strada S. Vitale, founded by St. Petronius, in 428, and 6th lately restored. 2nd chapel-Tiarini's Flight into Egypt. 8th-Francia's Angels finding an Image of the Virgin. Some other churches worth notice are outside the walls. Annunziata, outside Porta Mamolo, belongs to a convent, and has F. Francia's Annunciation. The Certosa, or Carthusian Church, near Porta d'Isaia, is now converted into a Campo Santo, or Public Cemetery, established in its cloisters. Here is an Ascension, by Bibbiena; and a Baptism of Christ, by Elizabeth Sirani. Orange, myrtle, rose, and other trees abound here. *Madonna di S. Luca, built 1731, on Monte della Guardia (a fine point of view), is so-called from a black Virgin, in the Byzantine style; attributed as usual to St. Luke, and brought from Constantinople in 1160. It contains some early efforts of Guido. A long covered portico of three miles, on 640 arches, built 1674-1739, unites this church to Porta de Saragossa. Madonna di Strada Maggiore, or Gli Scalzi, outside Porta Maggiore, is united to it by a similar portico on 167 arches. Madonna di Mezzaratta, near Porta Castiglione, has some frescoes of the fourteenth century. *S. Michele in Bosco, near Porta S. Michele, on a picturesque hill, is attached to a rich convent, founded 1437, and partly converted into a barrack and prison in 1797. The villa part was a country seat of the Cardinal Legate, which was fitted up for Pius IX., in his last progress in 1857; now the seat of the King. Remains of frescoes by Tiarini, Cignani, &c., in the church, and of a series of thirty-seven by the Carracci, in the cloisters, representing the histories of St. Benedict and St. Cecilia-all nearly perished. The The Accademia di Belle Arti, in the old Jesuits' College, near Porta S. Donato and the Botanic Garden, includes the Picture Gallery, or*Pinacoteca, of about 400 works, chiefly of the Bolognese school, collected from suppressed churches and convents, and placed in eight or nine rooms, with a library, and collections of statuary and old arms. first contains old Bologna painters of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; another, the inferior Bolognese school; another, different Italian schools. The next three are devoted to large pictures: first, of the Bologna school; next, the best of this school; then the best Italian masters. Some of the most noticeable pictures are the following:--Albani's Virgin Enthroned, with St. Catherine and St. M. Magdalene; Baptism of Christ. Guercino's St. William of Aquitaine, St. Bruno, and other works. Agostino Carracci's*Last Communion of St. Jerome; *The Assumption. Annibale Carracci's Annunciation and other works. L. Carracci's SS. Dominic, Francis, &c., Adoring the Infant Christ (all portraits of the Bargellini family); and twelve other pictures. G. Cavedone's Virgin and Child, with Angels and Saints. F. Francia's *Virgin and Child, and Saints. I. da Imola's St. Michael, the Archangel. L. Massari's Holy Women weeping; Angel presenting a purified Soul to the Trinity. Parmigiano's St. Margaret Guido's (Queen of Scotland) on her Knees. *Madonna della Pietà, with St. Petronius, St. Dominic, and other protectors of Bologna; his *Massacre of the Innocents, *Samson and the Jaw Bone of the Ass, *Crucifixion, and five other pictures. Guido's Portrait, by a pupil, Simone Cantarini (or Pesarese) is in this gallery. Tintoretto's Virgin and St. Elizabeth. Raphael's *St. Cecilia in ecstacy, listening to the Music of the Angels; painted in 1515, for Elena dall' Oglio Duglioli (afterwards canonised). Elizabeth Sivani's St. Anthony of Padua, and other works; she was poisoned when only twenty-six. Tiarini's St. Catherine of Alexandria; St. Catherine of Siena. Catherine Vigri's (called La Santa) Martyrdom of St. Ursula. Domenichino's *Martyrdom of St. Agnes; *Madonna of the Rosary; Martyrdom of St. Peter of Verona. A. Mengs' Portrait of Clement XIII. The University, said to have been founded by Theodosius II., and revived by Charlemagne, is at least as old as 1119, and is the oldest in Italy after that of Salerno. It was at first seated in the old Archiginnasio, behind St. Petronio Church---an edifice built 1562, by Terribilia, and lately restored: containing tombs of former professors, arms of various countries which sent students, an Etruscan Museum of many thousand bronzes, &c., lately found near S. Francesco's Church, and the Magnani, or City Library. Here the human body was first dissected, about 1440, by Modini, and galvanism was discovered, in 1701, by Galvani, who was a lecturer of the Instituto delle Scienze (founded by Count Marsigli), which is incorporated with the University. From this (says Dr. Granville) Bonaparte borrowed the name "Institute" for his French Academy. Formerly it was celebrated for its women professors as Novella d'Andrea, a handsome lecturer on canon law in the fourteenth century, who hid her face behind a veil, out of a considerate regard for the feelings of the distracted students; Laura Bassi, a mathematical professor, in the eighteenth century; and Clotilda Tambroni a learned Greek scholar, who died as late as 1817. The Scuole Pie, or primary school for the poor, established here in 1805, is now annexed to the Convent of S. Domenico. In 1714 the University was revived, and was afterwards transferred to the new buildings in Strada di S. Donata, originally built by Tibaldi, for Cardinal Pozzi, with a court added by Triachini. It comprises about 600 students and upwards of forty professors in five faculties; one being medicine, which is carefully studied in the Great Hospital, founded 1667, and a Clinical Hospital, founded 1706, both near at hand. Here are frescoes by P. Tibaldi and Niccolò dell' Abate, various cabinets illustrative of anatomy, zoology, mineralogy, physics, &c.; the philosophical instruments of the third Earl of Shaftesbury, author of "Characteristics; " an observatory, and botanic garden; also a library with 160,000 volumes and 6,000 MSS., founded by Benedict XIV.: it is open almost every day. The great linguist, Cardinal Mezzofanti (born at Bologna, 1774, the son of a carpenter), was chief librarian before his removal to Rome. He spoke fifty languages fluently, and was able to express himself in seventy-eight. In English, for example, he spoke not only good English, but good Somersetshire or Yorkshire, and he could criticise Hudibras and Shakespeare; and then turn off to some other language and converse in it with the same readiness. Various colleges were founded at different times for foreign nations-as the Collegio di Fiamminghi, for Flemish students; Collegio di Luigi, for French students; the Venturoli College, for Hungarian students (now for students in architecture); but the only one that survives is the Collegio della Nazione Spagnuola, founded 1364, by Cardinal Albornoz, next to S. Clemente Church. It has a library with 300 MSS., and Baguacallo's Clement VII. crowning Charles V. A Liceo Filarmonica, or Philharmonic Academy, near S. Giacomo Church, founded 1666, by V. Caratti, was revived in 1805, and became a school of music, directed by Rossini. It has a Musical Library of 17,000 volumes bequeathed by Father Mantini, a composer of the seventeenth century. Rossini's house is in Via Maggiore, marked by a punning gilt inscription from Cicero-"Non domo dominus, sed domino domus." It was built for him in 1825. PALACES.--Among the private palaces at Bologna are the following. (Of several the collections are dispersed, and some have collections to sell):Palazzo Albergati, in Strada di Saragossa, built in 1540, by B. Peruzzi. Palazzo Aldobrandi, in Strada Galliera, rebuilt in 1748. It has a fine staircase. *Palazzo Bacciocchi, otherwise Gabrinsky, was built by Palladio, and was the seat of Princess Elisa Bacciochi, Napoleon's sister. In 1846 the Papal authorities wrote to their agent at Poretta to say that a stranger, travelling as "Colonel Crawford," but known to be a son of Jerome Bonaparte, had appointed to meet a son of the Princess at Poretta; and his description was given in the following style: "Age, 38; height, 1.66 mètres; hair, chestnut; eyebrows, ditto; forehead, middling; eyes, grey and little; nose, big; mouth, middling; lips, thick; beard, brown; moustaches, fair; visage, oval; complexion, pale; head stuck between the broad shoulders; back, round; some grey hairs." The individual in question was Prince Louis Napoleon, afterwards emperor, who had just escaped from Ham. *Palazzo Bevilaqua, in Via S. Mamola, built, it is said, by Bramantino, with a handsome front of diamond-shaped stones. *Palazzo Bentivoglio, a handsome building in Borgo della Paglia. H Palazzo de Bianchi, in Via S. Stefano, has a ceiling by Guido. Palazzo Biagi, or Pallavicini, in Via S. Stefano, was built by Ambrosini. Palazzo Fava, facing the Madonna di Galliera, has paintings and frescoes by the Carracci, Albani, B. Cesi, &c. Palazzo Grassi, in Via di Mezzo, has a fresco by L. Carracci. Palazzo Magnani-Guidotti, built by Tibaldi, has a fine fresco of Romulus and Remus, by the Carracci. Palazzo Ercolani, in Via Maggiore, was built by Venturoli; and contains a splendid staircase. Palazzo Malvezzi-Bonfioli, facing S. Giacomo, in Strada Maggiore, built by Vignola, has frescoes in the court by L. Spada, Massari, &c., from Tasso's Gerusalemme. Palazzo Malvezzi-Campeggi, in Via di S. Donato, has some tapestry by Lucas of Leyden, given by Henry VIII. to Cardinal Campeggio, when Papal Legate in England. Palazzo Marescalchi, facing S. Salvatore, was built by Tibaldi. It has a fine Carracci. *Palazzo Pepoli, in Strada di Castiglione, a machicolated brick pile, built in 1844, with a terra cotta portico. Palazzo Piella, or Bocchi, near the Duomo, built by Vignola, for Bocchi, the founder of the Academy of Fine Arts. Palazzo Ranuzzi, or Lambertini, in Via S. Stefano, built by Triachini, has old frescoes by Sabbatini, Tibaldi, &c. Palazzo Sampieri, or Zampieri, in Strada Maggiore, has fine wall paintings of the history of Hercules in five rooms. In the first-Battle with Jupiter, by L. Carracci; second-Hercules Instructed by Virtue, by An. Carracci; third-Hercules and Atlas, by Ag. Carracci; fourth-Hercules and Antæus, by Guercino (excellent for chiaroscuro and foreshortening); fifth-Genius and Strength, by Guercino. Palazzino Viola, or Bentevoglio, now the Orto Agrario, for lectures on agriculture, has frescoes by I. da Imola. Palazzo Zambecarri, near S. Paolo, in Strada Trebbo de Carbonesi; its rich gallery is nearly all dispersed. The Zecca, or Mint, built by Terribilia in 1578. The Palazzo Bolognini, near Via di S. Stefano, is a music casino and reading room. Theatres.-The Teatro Communale, on the site of the Bentevoglio Palace, was erected in 1756, by Bibbiena; Teatro del Corso, built in 1805; Teatro Contavalli, 1814, in an old Carmelite Convent. The Giuoco de Pallone is a good manly game, played with leather balls (pallone), about the size of a foot-ball, thrown by the arm, which is protected by a wood or metal bracelet. A large hall is devoted to it on the Montagnuola. Bologna to Florence. 1st. The old route over the Pietra Mala Pass in the Apennines, 4,100 feet high, may be taken, by It is a dismal diligence, 71 miles, in 12 hours. spot, with a wretched inn (Del Sole), a half-ruined church, and forty or fifty cottages. At Covigliajo are volcanic cliffs in the limestone. 2nd. A much preferable route is the new one, by Railway to La Porretta Baths; thence over the Collina Pass to Pistoja, on the Leghorn and Florence line, or 83 miles in all to Florence. This line was planned by the Austrians. From Bologna (Stat.) the stations are Miles. Faenza 31 Fano 461/ Porretta The line ascends the Reno to Casalecchio (Stat.) Population, 2,093. Near the site of a French victory over Pope Julius II., in 1511, and of the defeat of the Bolognese and Florentines, by the Duke of Milan, 1402. At Sasso (Stat.), the line begins to ascend the Apennines up the defile of the Reno, passing some deep cuttings, &c., to Senigallia ............110 Ancona..................127} This Route towards Rimini is one of the pleasantest in Italy, leading through a richly-cultivated plain, and past many industrious and cheerfullooking towns, with views of the Apennines all the way, which corresponds with the ancient Via Emilia. It crosses a succession of streams flowing down the east slope of the mountains into the Adriatic. After crossing the Savena and Idice, the line comes to Mirandola (Stat.), and Quaderna (Stat.), near the Romam Claterna. Then Here the bed of the river Marzabotto (Stat.), and Vergato (Stat.) opens towards Porretta (Stat.) A village (pop., 2,976), in a picturesque valley of the Reno, 1,130 feet above sea, under Monte Cardo, and frequented in summer for its warm mineral Springs, which are useful in cases of rheumatism, paralysis, and diseased glands. Temperature, 90° to 100°. They are used both for drinking and bathing, and give out carbonic acid and sulphuretted hydrogen gases, which are turned to account to light up the Baths; a discovery first hit on by a clever shoemaker of the village, Spiga by name. The air is temperate and bracing among these sandstone and limestone hills. Hence the line ascends towards the pass to LE CAPANE, near the Reno, which formed the old boundary between Tuscany and the Papal States. Here a tunnel is cut through the ridge for the railway; above which is the pass of La Collina itself, by which the Apennines were for a time crossed by means of articulated engines. It is a low one, only 3,350 feet above the sea, but commands a fine prospect of the hills and valleys around. Monte Cimone, to the north, is 6,975 feet high. The road descent is made by a series of zig-zags to Castel S. Pietro (Stat.), near an old fortified castle, on the River Silaro. Imola (Stat.), on the site of Forum Cornelii. Population, 11,372. It was built by the Lombards, and incorporated with the States of the Church by Julius II., and is a bishop's see, with a Cathedral dedicated to St. Cassianus, in which Archbishop St. Peter Chrysologus, a native of the fifth century is buried. The late Pope, Pius IX., was Bishop of Imola. nocenzia da Imola, a pupil of Francia, who painted between 1506 and 1549, was born here. Cross the Santerno to In |