ROUTE Bologna. 15. the arcades being omitted round the apse, though introduced in the central dome. It has besides two subordinate apses of graceful design."-Fergusson. Milan to Piacenza, Parma, Modena, and S. Marino is also ancient. Pantaleone or Del Carmine is a large Gothic brick church of the fourteenth century, with pinnacles in front, and good paintings. Santa Maria Coronata, or Capenanuova, is by Bramante (1492), and has some paintings worth notice. In the cloisters of the Augustine Convent lies a Duke of Suffolk, a title assumed by Richard de la Pole, who fell in the battle of Pavia. He was buried here by his relative Charles Parker. S. Francesco, also of Romanesque brick; S. Salvatore, finely gilt; and S. Lanfranco, in the Lombard style, are outside the walls. The University, founded by Charlemagne, 774, and lately restored and enlarged, which gained Pavia its former title of "La Dotta," is composed of thirteen colleges, with about 1,400 students, and many professors. Among the latter have figured Spallanzani, Scarpa, Volta, Fontana, &c. Borromeo College, a fine pile, was founded by that family; another, the Ghislieri, by Pius V., whose bronze stands in it; a third by the Caccia family. A good library, museums of Natural History and Anatomy, and a Botanic Garden, are attached to it. It was revived by Duke Visconti, of Milan, in the fifteenth century. The MSS. collected by him were taken to Paris. There are several busts aud statues. Other buildings are the General Hospital, containing portraits of hundreds of benefactors; the Foundling Hospital; a good theatre (built 1773); and several palazzi of the old nobility-as the Brambilla, Maino, and Ollevano-all well designed, with galleries and beautiful gardens. The Malaspina Palace is now the Pinacoteca of the city. Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, was born here. Trade in wine, grain, cheese, hemp, &c. The Certosa is 5 miles distant (see at the beginning of this Route, page 53). [Pavia, by rail, to Casalpusterlengo, on the main line from Milan to the South. Miles. Belgiojoso Miles. 9 Ospedaletto ......... 21 Miradolo............................. 15 Casalpusterlengo... 26 Hence to Piacenza and Cremona.] From Pavia, across the Po, to Casteggio (Stat.), on the Alessandria and Piacenza line; but following the direct railway route we leave Pavia by the viaduct over the Ticinio; then the line runs parallel to the Po, crossing the Tordogna at Sannazzaro (Stat.), population, 4,262, and the Grogna at Lomello (Stat.) Population, 2,603. At Torreberetti (Stat.) it joins the line to Valenza, Alessandria, and Genoa, described in Route 4. By rail, in 6 to 8 hours; 217 chil., or 135 miles. Lodi. Miles. 4 Rogeredo ............... ........... 35 38. 43 48 Miles. 561 Fiorensuola Borgo S. Donnino Parma S. Ilario Reggio 653 71 794 Modena..... Castelfranco Samoggia............ 124+ Lavino ............... 1294 Bologna............... 135 The line follows the road, which is part of the great Roman road, called Via Emilia, after the Consul who made it, 187 B.C. It traverses, at first, fields of flax, rice, pulse, and Indian corn, spreading over a marshy but fertile tract along the Po, intersected by numberless canals. No fallow ground is seen. Leaving Milan by the Porta Romana, we pass the old Church of San Giorgio, founded as far back as the sixth century, and Chiavialle Abbey, the oldest Cistercian house in Italy, founded by St. Bernard, 1136; and come to Rogoredo (Stat.), and then to Melegnano (Stat.), or Marignano, population, 4,026. The ancient Marnianum, on the plain of the Lambro, celebrated for the victory of Francis I. over the Swiss in 1515; and also as the scene of a victory obtained by Marshal M'Mahon, 8th June, 1859, over an Austrian corps, under General Roden, who obstinately defended it, fighting from house to house. The Church, the Cemetery, and the Post Office were carried by storm. The Austrian loss was 1,000 besides prisoners, and the French 900. Near this place a causeway is visible, constructed by the Milanese; it is about 38 miles long, and traverses parts of the provinces of Lodi and Pavia. LODI (Stat.) Population, 18,690. There are two Lodis; one to the right, on the Silaro, called Old Lodi, is the ancient Laus, or Laus Pompeia, so named, in honour of Pompey, by the there, and some antiquities may be noticed on the Romans. Remains of old buildings still exist road. The new or modern Lodi is the head of a province of the Italian kingdom, and a bishop's see, above the Adda, in a rich country, and was founded 1158, by Frederic Barbarossa, after the destruction of the old town by the Milanese. The artificial meadows round it, watered by numerous canals, yield the rich cheese, formerly called Lodi giano, but now universally known as Parmesan. Grana is the name for it in Italy. The cows are a black and white breed imported from Switzerland. Lodi is a well built, walled town, and famous in modern days for the battle of 10th May, 1796, when Bonaparte carried the bridge of the Adda against the Austrians, under Beaulieu. It is long and narrow, and the French leader himself helped to plant two pieces of cannon at its head in spite of a murderous fire from the enemy's grenadiers behind their ramparts from the opposite side. Here Massena, Berthier, Lannes, and others, first distinguished themselves. The Austrians retired in disorder to Crema. The most important edifices are the Municipalità or Loggia dei Comizi, and the Hospital (Ospedale Maggiore) of Piermarini. The public square is surrounded by houses with arched porticoes. Among the churches the most noticeable is the Cathedral, or Duomo, an ancient Byzantine structure of the twelfth century, containing the relics of St. Bassano. The Incoronato Church, by Bramante (1476), is eight-sided, and painted in fresco and oil, by G. Piazza da Lodi, a pupil of Titian. S. Francesco and S. Agnese are both in the Gothic style, and contain good paintings. There is also a female school, founded by the widow of Cosway, the artist. This beautiful painter and musician returned hither after her husband's death. She was born at Leghorn. Outside the gate is a large pottery work, like that at Faenza. Secugnano (Stat.), followed by Casalpusterlengo (Stat.), population, 5,711. Once a fief of the Pusterla family. Here the rails to Pavia and Cremona turn off. [At 8 miles from Casalpusterlengo, is Pizzighiettone (Stat.), population, 4,263, near a fortified post on the Adda, where the Serio falls into it. Here Charles V. kept his prisoner, Francis I., after the battle of Pavia, and before sending him into Spain. About 12 miles further is Cremona, as in Route 16.] Following the main rail, we come to Codogno (Stat.) A flourishing town of 9,620 inhabitants, having a trade in Parmesan cheese and some good churches. Except the vines and mulberry trees which appear, there is nothing particularly worth notice on the road to Piacenza, till you come to Rossa, a little place on the Po. Across the river is PIACENZA (Stat.). Which the French call Plaisance, following the Population, 35,000. Hotel: S. Marco. *Chief Objects of Notice. Palazzo Farnese, Duomo, S. Sisto. of Piacenza, which belonged to the ex-Duke of Parma, and was formerly held by the Farnese family, and Napoleon's widow, Maria Louisa. It is now part of the kingdom of Italy. Piacenza, originally founded by the Romans, about 224 B.C., is very pleasantly seated on a fertile plain, surrounded by hills, near the south bank of the Po, and the mouth of the Trebbia. A bridge of two arches crosses the latter river, near the town, erected in 1821. Moats and ramparts hem it in, but its chief security is a citadel, which, under the old system, was garrisoned by Austrian troops. It The Stradone is the principal thoroughfare. All the houses and public buildings are of brick, which gives it rather a sombre appearance. In fact, Piacenza is more like a fortress of the middle ages, than a bustling town of modern days. has never recovered the blow inflicted by F. Sforza, who, on account of its resistance against Milan, took it by storm, 1447, and sold 10,000 of its citizens. From that day its commerce and population have declined. In the earlier days of its history, it was lorded over by the Pallavicini, Landi, and Visconti families. In the principal square, Piazza de Cavalli, or Gran Piazza, are F. Mocchi's bronze equestrian statues of two Dukes of Parma (1620-4), of the Farnese family, who succeeded to the sovereignty of Piacenza in the sixteenth century. One is Alessandro, the soldier of Elizabeth's time, and Philip of Spain's governor in the Netherlands, against whom the lion-hearted queen threw out her "foul scorn,' in her celebrated speech at Tilbury Fort, when threatened with the Spanish Armada; and the other is his son, the tyrannical Francesco. " In the Piazza della Cittadella stands the Ducal Palace, or *Palazzo Farnese, begun from Vignola's designs, but not finished. Its style is grand and simple. Opposite the Ducal Palace is the ancient Gothic Podesteria, or Town Hall, built in the thirteenth century, with a Theatre near it. The seat of the ex-Ducal family was at Palazzo Mandelli. Among the religions edifices is the brick Lombard. *Cathedral or Duomo, at the end of the Contrada Dritta, in the Gothic style, begun 1132, finished 1233, with nothing remarkable beyond the curious figures and ornaments about it. The interior is crowded with paintings of little merit, but in the cupola and choir are discerned the frescoes of Guercino and L. Carracci. Two paintings by modern artists deserve notice-Jesus on Mount Calvary, by Chevalier Landi, and The Presentation in the Temple, by Cammucini. There is a monument to Sacchini, the musician. The brick Campanile is 200 feet high, and has an iron cage for prisoners, made by Ludovico il Moro. The old Cathedral, founded, 903, now the Church of S. Antonino, was rebuilt in 1562. Its octagonal tower is as old as 1014, and rests on several pillars. Wearenow in Parma, or, rather, in the late Duchy Its old vestibule is called Il Paradiso. Madonna della Campagna, belonging to the Franciscan Convent, was built or altered by Bramante, and contains good frescoes, by Pordenone and Sogliano. S. Giovanni has two large pictures, by Landi and Cammucini, and was built by the Knights of St. John. There is a marble monument of the Scott family. Dante speaks of Michael Scott, the wizard. S. Francisco Grande is a remarkable Gothic church of the thirteenth century (1278). *S. Sisto is a richly ornamented church of the sixteenth century, with two cupolas, containing several pictures by various masters, as Procaccini's Massacre of the Innocents, Bassano's St. Martin, P. Vecchio's St. Barbe, &c.; a copy of Raphael's famous "Madonna di S. Sisto," originally here, but sold 1754, and which is now at Munich; with a monument to O. Farnese's wife, Margaret of Austria. S. Agostino, a fine building, designed by Vignola, with a nave, on thirty-four grauite columns. S. Sepolcro is by Bramante. In general, the churches, though highly decorated according to the usual Italian custom, are covered with ornaments of indifferent design. The architecture of their exterior is striking. Other buildings are the Palazzo di Tribunali, a brick building of the fifteenth century, resting on stone arches; and the College Alberoni, outside the Porta de S. Lazaro. On the other side of the Po are the massive but unfinished remains of the Citadella Farnese of the fourteenth century. Among its natives, it reckons Gregory X., Cardinal Alberoni, and Battista Porta. The Trebbia is rather a famous stream. On its banks Hannibal defeated the Consul Sempronius; and Suwarrow defeated the French under Macdonald, after a bloody fight of three days, at Novi, &c., 1799. These and other names are inscribed on the bridge. [An interesting excursion may be made from here to Velleja, the ancient Veleia, a sort of Pompeii, at the foot of the Apennines, overwhelmed in the fourth century, a little after Constantine's death, by a landslip from the Moria and Rovinazzo hills. It is 23 miles south of Piacenza, by carriage to Bezzano; and thence by mule, crossing the rivers Lugono and Riglio, you come to Costa Pelata, and thence to Cima Fava beyond the Veseno; about 3 miles further, Rezzano, where the carriage road stops. Passing Castel Badagnano, you reach the Chero, another mountain torrent, in the bed of which the path leads to Veleia. After remaining buried upwards of fourteen centuries, it was first brought to the remembrance of modern times, by the finding of a bronze tablet, in 1747. The village over it was then called Macinisso. This tablet, styled by antiquarians, the Alimentary Table, was, in fact, a municipal act of Trajan's time, providing for the support of 279 poor children, and is 8 feet long by 5 broad. In 1760, Philip of Parma ordered further searches to be made, the results of which are collected in the Parma Museum. They consist of marble and bronze statues, medals, inscriptions, stamps for marking ornaments, and other articles, including a pair of snuffers, made exactly like those in modern use. Another table, still more ancient than the Alimentary Table, is about 2 feet square. What buildings have been uncovered are on the slope of a hill. These are the Forum, Amphitheatre, and Baths. In the Forum are the marble tables and seals of the money changers. It is supported by a Doric portico, and architrave of wood, running round three sides of the building; the fourth side was a wall of a basilica, in which twelve statues, now at Parma, were found. Coming from Parma, a distance of 45 miles to this place, you take the rail to Firenzuola, where the road turns to the left to Castel Arquata, and up the bed of the Adda to Lugignano; here you take mules and a guide for the rest of the journey of 9 miles, over rugged hills down to Veleia, on the Chero, with the remains of a Forum before you, and behind Moria and its neighbour, Rovinazzo.] Following the railway and the Via Emilia, we reach the College Alberoni, on the site of S. Lazarro's old hospital; then come to Pontenure (Stat.) and Firenzuola (Stat). A small but interesting old town, with a population of 6,132; whence Veleia may be visited, as above mentioned. The views of the mountains are charming. Passing Alseno (Stat.), population, 4,018, we come to Borgo-San-Donnino (Stat.), in a fine plain. It has a large and ancient Inn, ornamented with frescoes and arabesques. It Population, 9,992. stands on the River Stirone. The Hospital, or asylum for the poor, was established by the French, in place of the suppressed convents. The Cathedral, of brick, with its curious animal sculptures, is of the twelfth century. Castel Guelfo (Stat). So called after a ruined fortress of the Guelf party. It is of brick, with machicolations and several curious towers. A little further is the fine stone bridge on the Faro, built for Maria Louisa, by the engineer Concinelli, 1816-21, on twenty arches, and 1,070 feet long, by 25 broad. The piers are pierced by eighteen eyes, to offer less resistance to the torrent. each end are noble staircases leading down to the water-side. At Farnoso, up this stream, Charles VIII. of France routed the Venetians in 1495. PARMA (Stat.) Population, 45,220. Hotels: Croce Bianca; La Posta; Italia. At The best Parmesan cheese, to which this place gives name, is made about Lodi. Good ham (spalle di S. Secondo), cooked in spices; bondiala sausages, trout, mushrooms. Conveyances.-Railway to Piacenza, Modena, and Bologna. Railway Station a short distance outside the city. Omnibus fares, 75 cents; cittadini, 1 lr. *Chief Objects of Notice.-Duomo, Steccata Church, Pinacoteca and Correggio's St. Jerome, Palazzo Farnese, Academy. Paintings by Correggio and Parmigiano, or Parmegianino, of the Parmese school, one of those distinguished by chiaro-scuro. Living is agreeable in Parma. The air is pure, though, from the elevation of the town and the neighbourhood of the Apennines, it blows keen in winter. The territory has been always renowned for its rich meadows and fleeces. Martial says of it, "Tondet et innumeros Gallica Parma greges.' At the present day silk is the chief product. Scarcely enough corn is grown for home consumption, but it is abundant in salt works, mines of iron and copper, mineral waters, &c. The city, which is a bishop's see, and the capital of a province, and late of a duchy, now incorporated with the kingdom of Italy, was made a Roman colony, called Parma, about 200 B.C., and may therefore boast of its antiquity. Little of the old time remains, except two small pillars near the Steccata Church, and a cippus and sarcophagus in front of the cathedral. It stands on the Parma River, where the Via Emilia crosses it, and forms the main street. Strada Maestra, or Al Ponte di Mezzo (14 mile long), so called from the middle bridge on the river; the others being Ponte Caprazucca and Ponte Verde, leading to the Stradore suburb. It is surrounded by moated ramparts. about 4 miles in compass, now turned into promenades, with five gates. Its wide streets have rather a deserted look. Many of the houses are large and well built, and it is provided with fountains and aqueducts for water; but the principal objects for strangers are the works of its three great painters-Correggio, Parmegianino, and Lanfranco. which adorn the churches and public buildings of the town. Parmegianino, whose real name was Mazzolo, was born at Parma, 1504. The large Lombard Cathedral, or *Duomo, is in the Gothic style, of the twelfth century (1106), remarkable for its unfinished front, triple gallery, and eight-sided cupola, the inside of which is decorated with the beautiful frescoes of Correggio. The subject is the *Assumption of the Virgin, among a crowd of angels and saints. It is one of his finest works, though much faded. Here are tombs of the celebrated Bishop Turchi, A. Mazzo (the musician), and J. B. Bodoni (the printer), whose editions of Italian works are much admired, and whose office is still here. There is also a mausoleum to Petrarch (with portrait), who was for many years archdeacon of the cathedral. Many valuable sculptures, pictures, and frescoes by Gambara, Gatti, &c., may be noticed in the choir and other parts of the building, as well as the subterranean chapel and its 28 marble Corinthian pillars. At the side of the cathedral are the tall campanile, and the Battistero, or Baptistery; a rich octagonal building of six storeys, of Verona marble, built 1196-1260, by Antelami. It contains many highly adorned pillars, two being of Oriental granite; several curious antique pictures, with Lanfranco's picture of St. Octavius Falling from his Horse, and a large holy water Basin of one single piece of marble, of the thirteenth century. S. Giovanni Evangelista, a white marble church, at the end of the Riolo, belonged to the Benedictine Convent, was built in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and is enriched with good pictures, among which are a beautiful copy of the St. Jerome of Correggio, by Aretusi; another copy of his famous Night, now at Dresden; but especially some superb frescoes in the cupola, by Correggio himself. This was his first great work, when he was only twenty-six. The subject is *St. John in a vision, seeing Christ on his throne, with the Apostles around. The same great artist painted in chiaroscuro the ornaments round the vault of the sanctuary, and gave the designs of the figures and children in bas-relief, in the frieze of the cornice, as well as on the candelabras, and the capitals of the pilasters down the whole length of the church. The arches in the St. Crucifix and St. Gertrude chapels have some frescoes by Parmigiano; in the second on the right is a Nativity by F. Francia. Going to the convent or college, you pass a recess over a little door, with a St. John the Evangelist by Correggio; and inside the convent, fronting the door of the winter refectory, is a pretty niched group of Infants by the same painter, in fresco, unfortunately much damaged. In a corridor there are four stucco figures, by A. Begarelli, of Modena. The Church of the Nuove Cappucine was built in 1569 by G. F. Testa, and, though small, is rich and elegant, and crowned by a cupola, in which is the Assumption of the Virgin, a fresco by G. B. Tinti. The Cappucine Church belonged formerly to the Knights Templars. It has a Conception by J. B. Piazetta; two good pictures of the Miracles of St. Felix, by L. Spada, in the choir; and two by A. Carracci of St. Louis and St. Elizabeth. L'Annunziata is composed of ten Chapels arranged on an oval, to the centre of which they all tend. Among other ornaments is an Annunciation by Correggio, in fresco, removed from the walls on account of the injury it has suffered. Parmegianino's Madonna and Child, and his St. Jerome, are in the convent. The church of the suppressed convent of St. Paul, now dedicated to S. Ludovico, was frequented by the Ducal Court. In one of the rooms of the convent may be seen the famous frescoes of Correggio, representing the *Triumph of Diana, with several attendants carrying instruments of chase, and compartments round it in chiaro-scuro. Another room is painted by A. Araldi. S. Teresa is entirely painted in fresco by Galeatti; the subjects being the events in the life of the patron saint. *Beata Vergine della Steccata, so called from a steccato or railing before an image of the Virgin, is the finest church in Parma; attributed to Bramante, but really built by G. F. Zaccagna, about 1539. In the crypt are the tombs of the Ducal houses, the Sforza, Farnese, and other families. Its marbles and inlaid work, though rich, are exceeded by the beauty of the pictures, in fresco and oil, which it contains. Among others are the Three Sibyls, under the organ; a Moses breaking the two Tables, on an arch close by; and an Adam and Eve in chiaro-scuro, all fine works by Parmigiano. The remainder are works by Anselmi, Tiarini, B. Gatti, Sogaro, Franceschini, &c. Two Roman pillars of the time of Constantine stand opposite this church. Some good frescoes are seen in Trinita Vecchia Church, among which are St. Roch and St. Antony of Padua; and a Holy Virgin with St. John Baptist and St. Francis, by G. B. Srotti, surnamed Molosso. There are also several inscriptions. S. Alessandro.-Here are paintings by G. Mazzolo and Tiarini. At S. Francesco de Prato are frescoes by Anselmi. The façade of Madonna delle Grazie deserves attention. The Pilotta, otherwise called the Palazzo Farnese, between Piazza Grande and Ponte Verde, is not remarkable except for the great mass it is composed of, but attempts are making to improve the whole pile. Here is the Accademia di Belle Arti, comprising a Pinacoteca or picture gallery, and a library in fourteen or fifteen rooms on the first floor, and a Museum on the ground floor. Open, 10 to 3. The Pinacoteca contains some of the most remarkable of Correggio's works. Among these are the Madonna della Scala, a fresco from Porta S. Michele and the Scala Oratory; the Madonna della Scodella (i.e., of the platter which she holds); a Descent from the Cross; but above all, his Il Giorno, or the Day, otherwise called the *St. Jerome, from the principal figure, accompanied by the Virgin and Child, St. M. Magdalene, and two Angels. Other noticeable Pictures are:-Parmegianino-Madonna, with St. Jerome, &c. AnselmiMadonna and Saints. G. Mazzolo-Conception of the Virgin. F. Francia-the Vitale Madonna, or Madonna Enthroned, with Santa Justina, St. Benedict, Santa Scolastica, S. Placidus (one of the portraits is a likeness of a member of the Vitale family). F. Francia-Descent from the Cross. L. Caracci--Burial of the Virgin. Annibale Carracci-a Pietà. G. Mazzolo-Adoration of the Magi. Guercino Madonna. Cima da ConeglianoMadonna on a Throne. Raphael-Christ in Glory, with the Madonna, &c. Correggio-Martyrdom of S. Flavia and S. Placidus. Parmegianino-Martyrdom of St. Catherine. A. del Sarto-a Pietà. There are also portraits of Correggio, Parmegianino, &c.; Chevalier Toschi's drawings of Correggio's works, and colossal basalt statues of Bacchus and Hercules, found in the Farnese Gardens at Rome, with other relics from Veleia. At one end stands Canova's fine statue of Maria Louisa, who, on the banishment of her husband to St. Helena, 1815, was made Duchess of Parma. She resided, till her death in 1847, in a building close to the Palace Farnese, and there they show her son's (the Duke of Reichstadt) rich cradle, and her toilette, &c., given by the City of Paris to the Bride of Napoleon. Two great galleries are filled by 80,000 volumes and 4,000 MSS. of the Library, founded 1770. There is a fresco (Virgin crowned) by Correggio from S. Giovanni's Church, and a large collection of prints. Among the literary curiosities here is a Koran taken from the Grand Vizier's tent at the battle of Vienna; a MS. of Petrarch's which belonged to Francis I.; Luther's Hebrew Psalter; and 3,400 volumes of books and MSS. which belonged to Rossi, the Hebrew scholar, and were brought in 1816. Here also are 80,000 engravings and the types of Bodoni, the famous printer. The Museo, on the ground floor, is rich in bronzes and medals (about 30,000), inscriptions, and other monuments of ancient Veleia above mentioned, including the Trajan Table. A large theatre, the Teatro Farnese, which makes part of the Palace, was built by G. Aleotti for Duke Ranuccio. It is of wood, 1,033 feet long, nearly 100 feet wide, and could hold about 5,000 persons. It is the largest in Italy, but not used, and in a dilapidated condition. The semicircular body rests on Corinthian pillars 66 feet high, and has fourteen rows of seats for the spectators. The Teatro Nuovo, near the Palace, was built by Maria Louisa in 1829. A third is lately completed of very elegant design, by N. Bettoli, of Parma, the decorations by Chevalier Toschi. It The Lyceum or College, sometimes called a University, is established in the old College of the Jesuits, and attended by about 500 students. Three or four professorships are attached. possesses also a theatre of Anatomy, a museum of Natural History, laboratory, observatory, &c., with a Botanic garden in the Stradone promenade in the south suburbs of the city. At the military college of Santa Caterina are good paintings by Lanfranco, L. Spada, F. Stringa, &c., and an interesting plan of attack and defence, modelled by P. d'Aubencourt, director of the plans at the Louvre. It is 52 feet long. Besides these educational establishments there are a Monte di Pietà for helping the poor, founded as far back as 1488, by Father di Feltre, who first set such a scheme on foot; a Misericordia, and other hospitals for the aged and insane; and various benevolent institutions projected by Maria Louisa; whose rule was mild and liberal. The Palazzo delle Commune, designed by G. Magnani (Statue of Correggio), and the Le Giara Riding House near the market-place, deserve notice. The Palazzo Sanvitale has a rich collection of Parmigiano's designs, his Baptism of Christ (painted when he was sixteen), a gallery of ancient and modern masters, an excellent library, and a theatre built of wood and occasionally open to the public. College Lalatta, or Maria Luigia, is ornamented with Gambara's frescoes. |