the Revolution in 1688, 154; highest proportion of a standing army to the population of a country, 297. States (see "Constitution," "Taxaation," "Union "): Advantages of an unrestrained intercourse between them, 66; the consequences of the doctrine that the interposition of the States ought to be required to give effect to a measure of the Union, 90, 95; easier for the State government to encroach on the national government than for the latter to encroach on the former, 98, 184, 294; the State governments will in all possible contingencies afford complete security against all invasions of public liberty by the national authority, 164, 296, 307; power of Congress to admit new States into the Union, 269; obligation of Congress to guarantee a republican form of government to every State, 270 et seq.; provision of the Constitution, concerning its ratification by nine States, 275; why the State magistracy should be bound to support the federal Constitution, 284; discussion of the supposed danger from the powers of the Union to the State governments, 285 et seq.; examination of the comparative means of influence of the federal and State governments, 290, 292; provisions in the constitutions of the several States, concerning the separation of the legislative, executive, and judiciary powers, 303 et seq., 308; provisions, etc., concerning elections, 331, 368; provisions, etc., concerning the size of electoral districts, 345; as fair to presume abuses of power by the State governments as by the federal government, 361; "portion of sovereignty remaining in the individual States," recognized by the Constitution, 386; provisions of the constitutions of the several States concerning impeachments, 414, note; New York and New Jersey the only States which have entrusted the executive authority wholly to single men, 438; difference between the limits of the jury trial in the different States, 523. Sweden: Corruption the cause of the sudden despotism of Gustavus III., 132. Swiss Cantons: Their government, 113, 272. Taxes: Indirect taxes the most expedient source of revenue in the United States, 69, 124; suggestion of a tax on ardent spirits, 72; Taxation, 174 et seq.; incompetency of the Turkish sovereign to impose a new tax, 175; intention and practical defects of the old Confederation in regard to taxation, 175; distinction between internal and external taxes, 176; inadequacy of requisitions on the States, 177; advantages of vesting the power of taxation in the federal government, as it regards borrowing, 179; positions manifesting the necessity of so vesting the power, 181; objections, 183; danger of so vesting the power denied, 185; except as to imports and exports, the United States and the several States have concurrent powers of taxation, 187; no repugnancy between those concurrent powers, 188; the necessity of them, 189 et seq.; dangers of restricting the federal power to lay, ing duties on imports, 200; effect of exorbitant duties, 201; answer to objections to the power of internal taxation in the federal government, derived from the alleged want of a sufficient knowledge of local circumstances, and from a supposed interference between the revenue laws of the Union and those of the particular States, 208; suggestion of double taxation answered, 213; evils of poll taxes admitted, but the propriety of vesting in the federal government the power of imposing them asserted, 213; provision of the Constitution, concerning taxation, 280. Theseus, 223. Titles of Nobility: The prohibition of them the corner-stone of republican government, 279 Treason: Power under the Constitution, concerning it, 269; why the power of pardoning in cases of treason is properly vested in the President solely, 463, 464. Treaties Power under the Constitution, concerning them, 277; why they ought to be the supreme law of the land, 403; power of the President in regard to them, 403, 466, 470; why the House of Representatives ought to have no power in forming them, 468; why two thirds of the senators present are preferable to two thirds of the whole Senate as a coördinate power with the President, in regard to treaties, 469. Tullius Hostilius, 223. Union (see "Confederacies," "Constitution"): Its importance, 6; its capacity to call into service the best talents of the country, 10; a bulwark against foreign force and influence, its capacity to prevent wars, 13, 17, 22; a safeguard against domestic insurrections and wars, 26, 39, 45, 60; a safeguard against standing armies as consequent on domestic insurrections and wars, 38, 43; its utility in respect to commerce and a navy, 60, 67; its utility in respect to revenue, 67, 76; principal purposes to be answered by it, 136; if found ed on considerations of public happiness, the sovereignty of the States, if irreconcilable to it, should be sacrificed, 285. United Netherlands, 115. United States: Their actual dimensions, 78. Venice: Not a republic, 233. Virginia (see "Jefferson, Thomas "): Provision in her constitution, concerning the separation of the legislative, executive, and judiciary powers, 306, 310; was the colony which stood first in resisting the parliamentary usurpations of Great Britain, 331; was the first to espouse by a public act the resolution of independence, 332; elections under her former government, 332. West India Trade, 62. Yates, Abraham, 462. Zaleucus, 223. The Law of the American Constitution By Charles K. Burdick This scholarly and exhaustive treatment of the Constitution of the United States explains clearly the conditions under which it was made, the federal system it set up, the powers and limitations of the various governmental departments, executive, judicial, and legislative, and the division of powers between the national and state governments. The author is Professor of Law in Cornell University and his father, Francis M. Burdick, who contributed two introductory chapters, was before his death Dwight Professor of Law in Columbia University. New York G. P. Putnam's Sons London |